{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:31:53Z","timestamp":1786408313247,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.114305","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:09:09Z","timestamp":1786406949000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Rasch-Based Calibration of Step-Based Task Achievement in a Surgical Clerkship: A Pilot Study of the Step Ladder System"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Rumiko","family":"Omatsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takehiko","family":"Hanaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Komatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiyuki","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaru","family":"Ueki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2019.4.43216","article-title":"Design your clinical workplace to facilitate competency-based education","volume":"20","author":"Caretta-Weyer HA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Caretta-Weyer HA, Gisondi MA. Design your clinical workplace to facilitate competency-based education. West J Emerg Med. 2019, 20:651-3. 10.5811\/westjem.2019.4.43216","journal-title":"West J Emerg Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-025-07342-0","article-title":"Implementation of United Arab Emirates competency framework for medical education in undergraduate medical curriculum","volume":"25","author":"Kar SS","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kar SS, Dube R, George BT, Bairy LK, Hajeer AH, Matalka II. Implementation of United Arab Emirates competency framework for medical education in undergraduate medical curriculum. BMC Med Educ. 2025, 25:782. 10.1186\/s12909-025-07342-0","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-41713-4_42","article-title":"Competency-based medical education and its competency frameworks","author":"ten Cate O","year":"2017","unstructured":"ten Cate O. Competency-based medical education and its competency frameworks. Competence-based Vocational and Professional Education. Mulder M (ed): Springer, Cham, Switzerland; 2017. 23:903-29. 10.1007\/978-3-319-41713-4_42"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000002743","article-title":"A core components framework for evaluating implementation of competency-based medical education programs","volume":"94","author":"Van Melle E","year":"2019","unstructured":"Van Melle E, Frank JR, Holmboe ES, Dagnone D, Stockley D, Sherbino J. A core components framework for evaluating implementation of competency-based medical education programs. Acad Med. 2019, 94:1002-9. 10.1097\/ACM.0000000000002743","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-024-05609-6","article-title":"Evaluating competency-based medical education: a systematized review of current practices","volume":"24","author":"Alharbi NS","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alharbi NS. Evaluating competency-based medical education: a systematized review of current practices. BMC Med Educ. 2024, 24:612. 10.1186\/s12909-024-05609-6","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/medu.12831","article-title":"Implementation of competency-based medical education: are we addressing the concerns and challenges?","volume":"49","author":"Hawkins RE","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hawkins RE, Welcher CM, Holmboe ES, Kirk LM, Norcini JJ, Simons KB, Skochelak SE. Implementation of competency-based medical education: are we addressing the concerns and challenges?. Med Educ. 2015, 49:1086-102. 10.1111\/medu.12831","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.70328","article-title":"Implementation and educational impact of the step ladder system: a structured clinical competency framework for obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"171","author":"Komatsu H","year":"2025","unstructured":"Komatsu H, Ueki M, Yamada N, Taniguchi F, Harada T. Implementation and educational impact of the step ladder system: a structured clinical competency framework for obstetrics and gynecology. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2025, 171:1378-86. 10.1002\/ijgo.70328","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.70390","article-title":"Educational implications of a tiered, competency-based \u201cstep ladder system\u201d","volume":"52","author":"Komatsu H","year":"2026","unstructured":"Komatsu H, Ueki M, Yamada N, et al.. Educational implications of a tiered, competency-based \u201cstep ladder system\u201d. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2026, 52:e70390. 10.1111\/jog.70390","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-026-09110-0","article-title":"Climbing the ladder of confidence: effects of the step ladder system on medical students' self-efficacy during a surgical clerkship","volume":"26","author":"Hanaki T","year":"2026","unstructured":"Hanaki T, Omatsu R, Miyatani K, Kihara K, Komatsu H, Fujiwara Y, Ueki M. Climbing the ladder of confidence: effects of the step ladder system on medical students' self-efficacy during a surgical clerkship. BMC Med Educ. 2026, 26:805. 10.1186\/s12909-026-09110-0","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-016-0615-3","article-title":"Perceptions of preparedness for the first medical clerkship: a systematic review and synthesis","volume":"16","author":"Surmon L","year":"2016","unstructured":"Surmon L, Bialocerkowski A, Hu W. Perceptions of preparedness for the first medical clerkship: a systematic review and synthesis. BMC Med Educ. 2016, 16:89. 10.1186\/s12909-016-0615-3","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-017-0971-7","article-title":"Medical students' preparedness for professional activities in early clerkships","volume":"17","author":"Bosch J","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bosch J, Maaz A, Hitzblech T, Holzhausen Y, Peters H. Medical students' preparedness for professional activities in early clerkships. BMC Med Educ. 2017, 17:140. 10.1186\/s12909-017-0971-7","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"Studies in Mathematical Psychology I: Probabilistic Models for Some Intelligence and Attainment Tests","author":"Rasch G","year":"1980","unstructured":"Rasch G. Studies in Mathematical Psychology I: Probabilistic Models for Some Intelligence and Attainment Tests. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL; 1980."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2023.2169772","article-title":"Interpreting results from Rasch analysis 2. Advanced model applications and the data-model fit assessment","volume":"46","author":"Tesio L","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tesio L, Caronni A, Simone A, Kumbhare D, Scarano S. Interpreting results from Rasch analysis 2. Advanced model applications and the data-model fit assessment. Disabil Rehabil. 2024, 46:604-17. 10.1080\/09638288.2023.2169772","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10459-024-10354-y","article-title":"Exploring the use of Rasch modelling in \"common content\" items for multi-site and multi-year assessment","volume":"30","author":"Hope D","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hope D, Kluth D, Homer M, Dewar A, Goddard-Fuller R, Jaap A, Cameron H. Exploring the use of Rasch modelling in \"common content\" items for multi-site and multi-year assessment. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 2025, 30:427-38. 10.1007\/s10459-024-10354-y","journal-title":"Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-029208","article-title":"Using the many-facet Rasch model to analyse and evaluate the quality of objective structured clinical examination: a non-experimental cross-sectional design","volume":"9","author":"Tavakol M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tavakol M, Pinner G. Using the many-facet Rasch model to analyse and evaluate the quality of objective structured clinical examination: a non-experimental cross-sectional design. BMJ Open. 2019, 9:e029208. 10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-029208","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4066\/AMJ.2011.755","article-title":"Rasch analysis on OSCE data : an illustrative example","volume":"4","author":"Tor E","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tor E, Steketee C. Rasch analysis on OSCE data : an illustrative example. Australas Med J. 2011, 4:339-45. 10.4066\/AMJ.2011.755","journal-title":"Australas Med J"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0265532220927487","article-title":"A comprehensive review of Rasch measurement in language assessment: recommendations and guidelines for research","volume":"38","author":"Aryadoust V","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aryadoust V, Ng LY, Sayama H. A comprehensive review of Rasch measurement in language assessment: recommendations and guidelines for research. Lang Test. 2020, 38:6-40. 10.1177\/0265532220927487","journal-title":"Lang Test"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.30758705","article-title":"Step Ladder System (SLS) Task List (ver. 1.7) from the Division of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine","author":"Hanaki T","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hanaki T. Step Ladder System (SLS) Task List (ver. 1.7) from the Division of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine. figshare. 2025, 10.6084\/m9.figshare.30758705","journal-title":"figshare"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"The need to report effect size estimates revisited. An overview of some recommended measures of effect size","author":"Tomczak M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tomczak M, Tomczak-\u0141ukaszewska E. The need to report effect size estimates revisited. An overview of some recommended measures of effect size. Trends Sport Sci. 2014, 19-25.","journal-title":"Trends Sport Sci"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780429030499","article-title":"Applying the Rasch Model","author":"Bond T","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bond T, Yan Z, Heene M. Applying the Rasch Model. Routledge, New York; 2020. 10.4324\/9780429030499"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Rating scale analysis","author":"Wright BD","year":"1982","unstructured":"Wright BD, Masters GN. Rating scale analysis. University o f Chicago, Chicago, IL; 1982."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0083652","article-title":"Power and sample size determination in the Rasch model: evaluation of the robustness of a numerical method to non-normality of the latent trait","volume":"9","author":"Guilleux A","year":"2014","unstructured":"Guilleux A, Blanchin M, Hardouin JB, S\u00e9bille V. Power and sample size determination in the Rasch model: evaluation of the robustness of a numerical method to non-normality of the latent trait. PLoS One. 2014, 9:e83652. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0083652","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"Sample size and item calibration [or person measure] stability. (1994). Accessed. 2026: https:\/\/www.rasch.org\/rmt\/rmt74m.htm."}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/515167-rasch-based-calibration-of-step-based-task-achievement-in-a-surgical-clerkship-a-pilot-study-of-the-step-ladder-system","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:09:11Z","timestamp":1786406951000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/515167-rasch-based-calibration-of-step-based-task-achievement-in-a-surgical-clerkship-a-pilot-study-of-the-step-ladder-system"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"references-count":23,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.114305","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]}}}