{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T18:27:43Z","timestamp":1786645663496,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":136,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.114489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T17:30:01Z","timestamp":1786642201000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Oral Health and Dental Management of Children With Down Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Abdullah S","family":"Alshamrani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0143-7","article-title":"Down syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Antonarakis SE","year":"2020","unstructured":"Antonarakis SE, Skotko BG, Rafii MS, et al.. Down syndrome. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020, 6:9. 10.1038\/s41572-019-0143-7","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2022-057010","article-title":"Health supervision for children and adolescents with Down syndrome","volume":"149","author":"Bull MJ","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bull MJ, Trotter T, Santoro SL, et al.. Health supervision for children and adolescents with Down syndrome. Pediatrics. 2022, 149:10.1542\/peds.2022-057010","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000154261","article-title":"Down's syndrome in Saudi Arabia: incidence and cytogenetics","volume":"45","author":"Niazi MA","year":"1995","unstructured":"Niazi MA, al-Mazyad AS, al-Husain MA, al-Mofada SM, al-Zamil FA, Khashoggi TY, al-Eissa YA. Down's syndrome in Saudi Arabia: incidence and cytogenetics. Hum Hered. 1995, 45:65-9. 10.1159\/000154261","journal-title":"Hum Hered"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1754-4505.2012.00297.x","article-title":"Comparative study between dental caries prevalence of Down syndrome children and their siblings","volume":"33","author":"Macho V","year":"2013","unstructured":"Macho V, Palha M, Macedo AP, Ribeiro O, Andrade C. Comparative study between dental caries prevalence of Down syndrome children and their siblings. Spec Care Dentist. 2013, 33:2-7. 10.1111\/j.1754-4505.2012.00297.x","journal-title":"Spec Care Dentist"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(97)90343-7","article-title":"Down syndrome: a review of the literature","volume":"84","author":"Desai SS","year":"1997","unstructured":"Desai SS. Down syndrome: a review of the literature. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1997, 84:279-85. 10.1016\/S1079-2104(97)90343-7","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3104\/reviews.84","article-title":"Dental care for the patient with Down syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Pilcher ES","year":"1998","unstructured":"Pilcher ES. Dental care for the patient with Down syndrome. Down Syndr Res Pract. 1998, 5:111-6. 10.3104\/reviews.84","journal-title":"Down Syndr Res Pract"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s0103-64402007000400014","article-title":"Dental anomalies in patients with Down syndrome","volume":"18","author":"de Moraes ME","year":"2007","unstructured":"de Moraes ME, de Moraes LC, Dotto GN, Dotto PP, dos Santos LR. Dental anomalies in patients with Down syndrome. Braz Dent J. 2007, 18:346-50. 10.1590\/s0103-64402007000400014","journal-title":"Braz Dent J"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2021.01.007","article-title":"Evaluation of the craniofacial and oral characteristics of individuals with Down syndrome: a review of the literature","volume":"122","author":"D\u00edaz-Quevedo AA","year":"2021","unstructured":"D\u00edaz-Quevedo AA, Castillo-Quispe HM, Atoche-Socola KJ, Arriola-Guill\u00e9n LE. Evaluation of the craniofacial and oral characteristics of individuals with Down syndrome: a review of the literature. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2021, 122:583-7. 10.1016\/j.jormas.2021.01.007","journal-title":"J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjae.2024.08.001","article-title":"Anaesthesia for the child with trisomy 21","volume":"24","author":"Hore K","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hore K, Ali U. Anaesthesia for the child with trisomy 21. BJA Educ. 2024, 24:440-6. 10.1016\/j.bjae.2024.08.001","journal-title":"BJA Educ"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40496-024-00363-6","article-title":"A comprehensive review of the relationship between oral health and Down syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Botero JE","year":"2024","unstructured":"Botero JE, Rodr\u00edguez-Medina C, Amaya-S\u00e1nchez S, et al.. A comprehensive review of the relationship between oral health and Down syndrome. Curr Oral Health Rep. 2024, 11:15-22. 10.1007\/s40496-024-00363-6","journal-title":"Curr Oral Health Rep"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41432-024-01055-x","article-title":"Efficacy of periodontal treatment modalities in Down syndrome patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Yehia Z","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yehia Z, Silbereisen A, Koletsi D, Arabzadehtousi M, Tsilingaridis G, Bostanci N. Efficacy of periodontal treatment modalities in Down syndrome patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Evid Based Dent. 2024, 25:213-4. 10.1038\/s41432-024-01055-x","journal-title":"Evid Based Dent"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/dj10110205","article-title":"The incidence of dental caries in children with Down syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Martins M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Martins M, Mascarenhas P, Evangelista JG, Barahona I, Tavares V. The incidence of dental caries in children with Down syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dent J (Basel). 2022, 10:205. 10.3390\/dj10110205","journal-title":"Dent J (Basel)"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.61747","article-title":"Dental care for patients with Down syndrome: a survey for dentists of the College of the Balearic Islands","volume":"16","author":"Arroyo-Bote S","year":"2024","unstructured":"Arroyo-Bote S, Bennasar-Verger C, L\u00f3pez-Gonz\u00e1lez \u00c1A. Dental care for patients with Down syndrome: a survey for dentists of the College of the Balearic Islands. J Clin Exp Dent. 2024, 16:e989-97. 10.4317\/jced.61747","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Dent"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345650440011601","article-title":"Dental and facial characteristics in Down's syndrome. (Mongolism)","volume":"3","author":"Cohen MM","year":"1965","unstructured":"Cohen MM, Winer RA. Dental and facial characteristics in Down's syndrome. (Mongolism). Bull Acad Dent Handicap. 1965, 3:18-27. 10.1177\/00220345650440011601","journal-title":"Bull Acad Dent Handicap"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9969(97)00012-5","article-title":"Sequence of eruption of deciduous dentition in a Chilean sample with Down's syndrome","volume":"42","author":"Ondarza A","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ondarza A, Jara L, Mu\u00f1oz P, et al.. Sequence of eruption of deciduous dentition in a Chilean sample with Down's syndrome. Arch Oral Biol. 1997, 42:401-6. 10.1016\/S0003-9969(97)00012-5","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(93)90160-N","article-title":"The sequence of eruption of the permanent dentition in a Chilean sample with Down's syndrome","volume":"38","author":"Jara L","year":"1993","unstructured":"Jara L, Ondarza A, Blanco R, Valenzuela C. The sequence of eruption of the permanent dentition in a Chilean sample with Down's syndrome. Arch Oral Biol. 1993, 38:85-9. 10.1016\/0003-9969(93)90160-N","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdj.2023.07.001","article-title":"Survey of primary tooth eruption status of Down syndrome in Japan: comparison with the Japanese National Survey of Dental Diseases","volume":"33","author":"Noda K","year":"2023","unstructured":"Noda K, Hanaoka S, Watanabe M, et al.. Survey of primary tooth eruption status of Down syndrome in Japan: comparison with the Japanese National Survey of Dental Diseases. Pediatr Dent J. 2023, 33:167-74. 10.1016\/j.pdj.2023.07.001","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent J"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdj.2024.01.001","article-title":"Survey of permanent tooth eruption status of Down syndrome in Japan: comparison with the Japanese National Survey of Dental Diseases","volume":"34","author":"Noda K","year":"2024","unstructured":"Noda K, Hanaoka S, Watanabe M, et al.. Survey of permanent tooth eruption status of Down syndrome in Japan: comparison with the Japanese National Survey of Dental Diseases. Pediatr Dent J. 2024, 34:35-41. 10.1016\/j.pdj.2024.01.001","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent J"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jds.2018.04.003","article-title":"Symmetry of dental agenesis in Down syndrome children","volume":"14","author":"Gallo C","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gallo C, Pastore I, Beghetto M, Mucignat-Caretta C. Symmetry of dental agenesis in Down syndrome children. J Dent Sci. 2019, 14:61-5. 10.1016\/j.jds.2018.04.003","journal-title":"J Dent Sci"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdj.2024.100339","article-title":"Deciduous teeth eruption, gross motor skills, and feeding in children with Down syndrome: a cross-sectional study","volume":"35","author":"Hisamoto N","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hisamoto N, Watanabe M, Hayashi S, et al.. Deciduous teeth eruption, gross motor skills, and feeding in children with Down syndrome: a cross-sectional study. Pediatr Dent J. 2025, 35:100339. 10.1016\/j.pdj.2024.100339","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent J"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/070910-391.1","article-title":"Prevalence and patterns of permanent tooth agenesis in Down syndrome and their association with craniofacial morphology","volume":"81","author":"Suri S","year":"2011","unstructured":"Suri S, Tompson BD, Atenafu E. Prevalence and patterns of permanent tooth agenesis in Down syndrome and their association with craniofacial morphology. Angle Orthod. 2011, 81:260-9. 10.2319\/070910-391.1","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.12282","article-title":"Prevalence and patterns of permanent tooth agenesis in individuals with Down syndrome: a meta-analysis","volume":"124","author":"Palaska PK","year":"2016","unstructured":"Palaska PK, Antonarakis GS. Prevalence and patterns of permanent tooth agenesis in individuals with Down syndrome: a meta-analysis. Eur J Oral Sci. 2016, 124:317-28. 10.1111\/eos.12282","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Sci"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.13042","article-title":"Patterns of tooth agenesis in individuals with Down syndrome: a secondary analysis using the Tooth Agenesis Code","volume":"44","author":"Kalf-Scholte SM","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kalf-Scholte SM, Wijk AV, Mayoral Trias A, Valkenburg C. Patterns of tooth agenesis in individuals with Down syndrome: a secondary analysis using the Tooth Agenesis Code. Spec Care Dentist. 2024, 44:1718-30. 10.1111\/scd.13042","journal-title":"Spec Care Dentist"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.10.018","article-title":"Patterns of tooth agenesis in patients with Down syndrome in relation to hypothyroidism and congenital heart disease: an aid for treatment planning","volume":"137","author":"Reuland-Bosma W","year":"2010","unstructured":"Reuland-Bosma W, Reuland MC, Bronkhorst EM, et al.. Patterns of tooth agenesis in patients with Down syndrome in relation to hypothyroidism and congenital heart disease: an aid for treatment planning. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010, 137:584-1. 10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.10.018","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1754-4505.1997.tb00884.x","article-title":"Oligodontia: a radiographic comparison of subjects with Down syndrome and normal subjects","volume":"17","author":"Kumasaka S","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kumasaka S, Miyagi A, Sakai N, Shindo J, Kashima I. Oligodontia: a radiographic comparison of subjects with Down syndrome and normal subjects. Spec Care Dentist. 1997, 17:137-41. 10.1111\/j.1754-4505.1997.tb00884.x","journal-title":"Spec Care Dentist"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9378325","article-title":"Hypodontia: an update on its etiology, classification, and clinical management","volume":"2017","author":"Al-Ani AH","year":"2017","unstructured":"Al-Ani AH, Antoun JS, Thomson WM, Merriman TR, Farella M. Hypodontia: an update on its etiology, classification, and clinical management. Biomed Res Int. 2017, 2017:9378325. 10.1155\/2017\/9378325","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"Prevalence of dental anomalies in the permanent dentition of children with Down syndrome","volume":"81","author":"Sekerci AE","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sekerci AE, Cantekin K, Aydinbelge M, Ucar F\u0130. Prevalence of dental anomalies in the permanent dentition of children with Down syndrome. J Dent Child (Chic). 2014, 81:78-83.","journal-title":"J Dent Child (Chic)"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874210601610010469","article-title":"Prevalence of Dental Anomalies in Permanent Dentition of Brazilian Individuals with Down Syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Cuoghi OA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cuoghi OA, Topolski F, Perciliano de Faria L, Occhiena CM, Ferreira ND, Ferlin CR, Rog\u00e9rio de Mendon\u00e7a M. Prevalence of Dental Anomalies in Permanent Dentition of Brazilian Individuals with Down Syndrome. Open Dent J. 2016, 10:469-73. 10.2174\/1874210601610010469","journal-title":"Open Dent J"},{"key":"ref29","article-title":"Comparative study of dental anomalies assessed with panoramic radiographs of Down syndrome and non-Down syndrome patients","volume":"17","author":"Mayoral-Trias MA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mayoral-Trias MA, Llopis-Perez J, Puigdollers P\u00e9rez A. Comparative study of dental anomalies assessed with panoramic radiographs of Down syndrome and non-Down syndrome patients. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2016, 17:65-9.","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"Prevalence of dental anomalies in Indonesian individuals with Down syndrome","volume":"19","author":"Anggraini L","year":"2019","unstructured":"Anggraini L, Rizal MF, Indiarti IS. Prevalence of dental anomalies in Indonesian individuals with Down syndrome. Pesqui Bras Odontopediatria Clin Integr. 2019, 19:1-11.","journal-title":"Pesqui Bras Odontopediatria Clin Integr"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.12762","article-title":"Panoramic radiographs and dental patients with Down syndrome: a scoping review","volume":"43","author":"Scott AM","year":"2023","unstructured":"Scott AM, Reed WM, Ajwani S, Parmenter TR. Panoramic radiographs and dental patients with Down syndrome: a scoping review. Spec Care Dentist. 2023, 43:199-220. 10.1111\/scd.12762","journal-title":"Spec Care Dentist"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2014.08.016","article-title":"Dimensions of central incisors, canines, and first molars in subjects with Down syndrome measured on cone-beam computed tomographs","volume":"146","author":"Abeleira MT","year":"2014","unstructured":"Abeleira MT, Outumuro M, Ramos I, Limeres J, Diniz M, Diz P. Dimensions of central incisors, canines, and first molars in subjects with Down syndrome measured on cone-beam computed tomographs. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2014, 146:765-75. 10.1016\/j.ajodo.2014.08.016","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-16798-0","article-title":"Reassessment of fluctuating dental asymmetry in Down syndrome","volume":"7","author":"Matabuena Rodr\u00edguez M","year":"2017","unstructured":"Matabuena Rodr\u00edguez M, Diz Dios P, Cadarso-Su\u00e1rez C, Diniz-Freitas M, Outumuro Rial M, Abeleira Pazos MT, Limeres Posse J. Reassessment of fluctuating dental asymmetry in Down syndrome. Sci Rep. 2017, 7:16679. 10.1038\/s41598-017-16798-0","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13133908","article-title":"Craniofacial and airway morphology in Down syndrome: a cone-beam computed tomography case series evaluation","volume":"13","author":"Khurana S","year":"2024","unstructured":"Khurana S, Khalifa AR, Rezallah NN, Lozanoff S, Abdelkarim AZ. Craniofacial and airway morphology in Down syndrome: a cone-beam computed tomography case series evaluation. J Clin Med. 2024, 13:3908. 10.3390\/jcm13133908","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12011","article-title":"Bruxism defined and graded: an international consensus","volume":"40","author":"Lobbezoo F","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lobbezoo F, Ahlberg J, Glaros AG, et al.. Bruxism defined and graded: an international consensus. J Oral Rehabil. 2013, 40:2-4. 10.1111\/joor.12011","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12663","article-title":"International consensus on the assessment of bruxism: report of a work in progress","volume":"45","author":"Lobbezoo F","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lobbezoo F, Ahlberg J, Raphael KG, et al.. International consensus on the assessment of bruxism: report of a work in progress. J Oral Rehabil. 2018, 45:837-44. 10.1111\/joor.12663","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57030224","article-title":"Bruxism in children and adolescents with Down syndrome: a comprehensive review","volume":"57","author":"Luconi E","year":"2021","unstructured":"Luconi E, Togni L, Mascitti M, et al.. Bruxism in children and adolescents with Down syndrome: a comprehensive review. Medicina (Kaunas). 2021, 57:224. 10.3390\/medicina57030224","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13563","article-title":"Prevalence of bruxism in Down syndrome patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"50","author":"Alam MK","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alam MK, Alsharari AH, Shayeb MA, Elfadil S, Cervino G, Minervini G. Prevalence of bruxism in Down syndrome patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Oral Rehabil. 2023, 50:1498-507. 10.1111\/joor.13563","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13133679","article-title":"Bruxism in a child with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome): case report","volume":"13","author":"Sobiech L","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sobiech L, D\u0105bkowska I, Bekiesz W, Tur\u017ca\u0144ska K, Blicharski T, Sarna-Bo\u015b K. Bruxism in a child with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome): case report. J Clin Med. 2024, 13:3679. 10.3390\/jcm13133679","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref40","article-title":"Topical review: sleep bruxism, headaches, and sleep-disordered breathing in children and adolescents","volume":"26","author":"Carra MC","year":"2012","unstructured":"Carra MC, Bruni O, Huynh N. Topical review: sleep bruxism, headaches, and sleep-disordered breathing in children and adolescents. J Orofac Pain. 2012, 26:267-76.","journal-title":"J Orofac Pain"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13603","article-title":"Sleep bruxism in children and adolescents-a scoping review","volume":"51","author":"Huynh N","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huynh N, Fabbro CD. Sleep bruxism in children and adolescents-a scoping review. J Oral Rehabil. 2024, 51:103-9. 10.1111\/joor.13603","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.12892","article-title":"Association of Down syndrome with periodontal diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"44","author":"Rond\u00f3n-Avalo S","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rond\u00f3n-Avalo S, Rodr\u00edguez-Medina C, Botero JE. Association of Down syndrome with periodontal diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis. Spec Care Dentist. 2024, 44:360-8. 10.1111\/scd.12892","journal-title":"Spec Care Dentist"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2018.03.010","article-title":"Periodontal disease in patients with Down syndrome: a systematic review","volume":"149","author":"Scalioni FA","year":"2018","unstructured":"Scalioni FA, Carrada CF, Martins CC, Ribeiro RA, Paiva SM. Periodontal disease in patients with Down syndrome: a systematic review. J Am Dent Assoc. 2018, 149:628-639.e11. 10.1016\/j.adaj.2018.03.010","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.25002","article-title":"Periodontal disease in Down syndrome: predisposing factors and potential non-surgical therapeutic approaches","volume":"38","author":"Ghaffarpour M","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ghaffarpour M, Karami-Zarandi M, Rahdar HA, Feyisa SG, Taki E. Periodontal disease in Down syndrome: predisposing factors and potential non-surgical therapeutic approaches. J Clin Lab Anal. 2024, 38:e25002. 10.1002\/jcla.25002","journal-title":"J Clin Lab Anal"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-05540-2","article-title":"Periodontal diseases in Down syndrome during childhood: a scoping review","volume":"25","author":"Vergier V","year":"2025","unstructured":"Vergier V, Collignon AM, Gosset M, Bonnet AL. Periodontal diseases in Down syndrome during childhood: a scoping review. BMC Oral Health. 2025, 25:161. 10.1186\/s12903-025-05540-2","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22179251","article-title":"Oral microbiota features in subjects with Down syndrome and periodontal diseases: a systematic review","volume":"22","author":"Contaldo M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Contaldo M, Lucchese A, Romano A, Della Vella F, Di Stasio D, Serpico R, Petruzzi M. Oral microbiota features in subjects with Down syndrome and periodontal diseases: a systematic review. Int J Mol Sci. 2021, 22:9251. 10.3390\/ijms22179251","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2020.00073","article-title":"Immune dysregulation in children with Down syndrome","volume":"8","author":"Huggard D","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huggard D, Doherty DG, Molloy EJ. Immune dysregulation in children with Down syndrome. Front Pediatr. 2020, 8:73. 10.3389\/fped.2020.00073","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1989.60.5.238","article-title":"Defective neutrophil chemotaxis in Down's syndrome patients and its relationship to periodontal destruction","volume":"60","author":"Izumi Y","year":"1989","unstructured":"Izumi Y, Sugiyama S, Shinozuka O, Yamazaki T, Ohyama T, Ishikawa I. Defective neutrophil chemotaxis in Down's syndrome patients and its relationship to periodontal destruction. J Periodontol. 1989, 60:238-42. 10.1902\/jop.1989.60.5.238","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdsr.2008.07.001","article-title":"Etiologic factors of early-onset periodontal disease in Down syndrome","volume":"44","author":"Amano A","year":"2008","unstructured":"Amano A, Murakami J, Akiyama S, et al.. Etiologic factors of early-onset periodontal disease in Down syndrome. Jpn Dent Sci Rev. 2008, 44:118-27. 10.1016\/j.jdsr.2008.07.001","journal-title":"Jpn Dent Sci Rev"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ipd.12212","article-title":"Dental caries in individuals with Down syndrome: a systematic review","volume":"26","author":"Moreira MJ","year":"2016","unstructured":"Moreira MJ, Schwertner C, Jardim JJ, Hashizume LN. Dental caries in individuals with Down syndrome: a systematic review. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2016, 26:3-12. 10.1111\/ipd.12212","journal-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0127484","article-title":"Association between dental caries and Down syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Deps TD","year":"2015","unstructured":"Deps TD, Angelo GL, Martins CC, Paiva SM, Pordeus IA, Borges-Oliveira AC. Association between dental caries and Down syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2015, 10:e0127484. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0127484","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2020.104715","article-title":"Caries experience in children and adolescents with Down Syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"115","author":"Silva MC","year":"2020","unstructured":"Silva MC, Lyra MC, Almeida HC, Alencar Filho AV, Heimer MV, Rosenblatt A. Caries experience in children and adolescents with Down Syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Oral Biol. 2020, 115:104715. 10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2020.104715","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-9668.149113","article-title":"Comparison of relationship between salivary electrolyte levels and dental caries in children with Down syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Singh V","year":"2015","unstructured":"Singh V, Arora R, Bhayya D, Singh D, Sarvaiya B, Mehta D. Comparison of relationship between salivary electrolyte levels and dental caries in children with Down syndrome. J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2015, 6:144-8. 10.4103\/0976-9668.149113","journal-title":"J Nat Sci Biol Med"},{"key":"ref54","article-title":"Some factors associated with dental caries in the primary dentition of children with Down syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Mathias MF","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mathias MF, Simionato MR, Guar\u00e9 RO. Some factors associated with dental caries in the primary dentition of children with Down syndrome. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2011, 12:37-42.","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/JPBS.JPBS_2_19","article-title":"Prevalence of dental caries and periodontal status among the Down syndrome population in Riyadh City","volume":"11","author":"Gufran K","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gufran K, Alqutaym OS, Alqahtani AA, Alqarni AM, Hattan EA, Alqahtani RO. Prevalence of dental caries and periodontal status among the Down syndrome population in Riyadh City. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2019, 11:S252-5. 10.4103\/JPBS.JPBS_2_19","journal-title":"J Pharm Bioallied Sci"},{"key":"ref56","article-title":"Oral care experiences and challenges for children with Down syndrome: reports from caregivers","volume":"42","author":"Stein Duker LI","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stein Duker LI, Richter M, Lane CJ, Polido JC, Cermak SA. Oral care experiences and challenges for children with Down syndrome: reports from caregivers. Pediatr Dent. 2020, 42:430-5.","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-008-0941-7","article-title":"Relative rather than absolute macroglossia in patients with Down syndrome: implications for treatment of obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"38","author":"Guimaraes CV","year":"2008","unstructured":"Guimaraes CV, Donnelly LF, Shott SR, Amin RS, Kalra M. Relative rather than absolute macroglossia in patients with Down syndrome: implications for treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. Pediatr Radiol. 2008, 38:1062-7. 10.1007\/s00247-008-0941-7","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrp.2014.09.004","article-title":"Dentofacial and cranial changes in Down syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Shukla D","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shukla D, Bablani D, Chowdhry A, Thapar R, Gupta P, Mishra S. Dentofacial and cranial changes in Down syndrome. Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2014, 5:339-44. 10.1016\/j.phrp.2014.09.004","journal-title":"Osong Public Health Res Perspect"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ksujds.2010.12.001","article-title":"Craniofacial characteristics in Saudi Down syndrome","volume":"2","author":"Al-Shawaf R","year":"2011","unstructured":"Al-Shawaf R, Al-Faleh W. Craniofacial characteristics in Saudi Down syndrome. King Saud Univ J Dent Sci. 2011, 2:17-22. 10.1016\/j.ksujds.2010.12.001","journal-title":"King Saud Univ J Dent Sci"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2012\/12-0148)","article-title":"Speech impairment in Down syndrome: a review","volume":"56","author":"Kent RD","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kent RD, Vorperian HK. Speech impairment in Down syndrome: a review. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2013, 56:178-210. 10.1044\/1092-4388(2012\/12-0148)","journal-title":"J Speech Lang Hear Res"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19052616","article-title":"Oral function and eating habit problems in people with Down syndrome","volume":"19","author":"Ca\u00f1izares-Prado S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ca\u00f1izares-Prado S, Molina-L\u00f3pez J, Moya MT, Planells E. Oral function and eating habit problems in people with Down syndrome. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022, 19:2616. 10.3390\/ijerph19052616","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsad060","article-title":"A scoping review of the complementary feeding practices and early eating experiences of children with Down syndrome","volume":"48","author":"Hielscher L","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hielscher L, Irvine K, Ludlow AK, Rogers S, Mengoni SE. A scoping review of the complementary feeding practices and early eating experiences of children with Down syndrome. J Pediatr Psychol. 2023, 48:914-30. 10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsad060","journal-title":"J Pediatr Psychol"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children11070847","article-title":"Assessment and rehabilitation intervention of feeding and swallowing skills in children with Down syndrome using the Global Intensive Feeding Therapy (GIFT)","volume":"11","author":"Franceschetti S","year":"2024","unstructured":"Franceschetti S, Tofani M, Mazzafoglia S, et al.. Assessment and rehabilitation intervention of feeding and swallowing skills in children with Down syndrome using the Global Intensive Feeding Therapy (GIFT). Children (Basel). 2024, 11:847. 10.3390\/children11070847","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12211","article-title":"Outcome of orthodontic palatal plate therapy for orofacial dysfunction in children with Down syndrome: a systematic review","volume":"21","author":"Javed F","year":"2018","unstructured":"Javed F, Akram Z, Barillas AP, Kellesarian SV, Ahmed HB, Khan J, Almas K. Outcome of orthodontic palatal plate therapy for orofacial dysfunction in children with Down syndrome: a systematic review. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2018, 21:20-6. 10.1111\/ocr.12211","journal-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/111709-650.1","article-title":"Cranial base, maxillary and mandibular morphology in Down syndrome","volume":"80","author":"Suri S","year":"2010","unstructured":"Suri S, Tompson BD, Cornfoot L. Cranial base, maxillary and mandibular morphology in Down syndrome. Angle Orthod. 2010, 80:861-9. 10.2319\/111709-650.1","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/030813-195.1","article-title":"Characteristics of Down syndrome subjects in a Saudi sample","volume":"84","author":"Korayem MA","year":"2014","unstructured":"Korayem MA, AlKofide EA. Characteristics of Down syndrome subjects in a Saudi sample. Angle Orthod. 2014, 84:30-7. 10.2319\/030813-195.1","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-76984-5","article-title":"Craniofacial morphology in Down syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Vicente A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vicente A, Bravo-Gonz\u00e1lez LA, L\u00f3pez-Romero A, Mu\u00f1oz CS, S\u00e1nchez-Meca J. Craniofacial morphology in Down syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2020, 10:19895. 10.1038\/s41598-020-76984-5","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-016-0148-7","article-title":"Craniofacial features as assessed by lateral cephalometric measurements in children with Down syndrome","volume":"17","author":"Allareddy V","year":"2016","unstructured":"Allareddy V, Ching N, Macklin EA, et al.. Craniofacial features as assessed by lateral cephalometric measurements in children with Down syndrome. Prog Orthod. 2016, 17:35. 10.1186\/s40510-016-0148-7","journal-title":"Prog Orthod"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2023.101407","article-title":"Lateral cephalometric characteristics in individuals with Down syndrome compared to non-syndromic controls: a meta-analysis","volume":"124","author":"Bierley K","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bierley K, Antonarakis GS. Lateral cephalometric characteristics in individuals with Down syndrome compared to non-syndromic controls: a meta-analysis. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2023, 124:101407. 10.1016\/j.jormas.2023.101407","journal-title":"J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1055665621998181","article-title":"Three-dimensional assessment of craniofacial features in patients with Down syndrome during the mixed dentition period: a case-control study","volume":"59","author":"Takizawa H","year":"2022","unstructured":"Takizawa H, Takahashi M, Maki K. Three-dimensional assessment of craniofacial features in patients with Down syndrome during the mixed dentition period: a case-control study. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2022, 59:177-84. 10.1177\/1055665621998181","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ipd.12491","article-title":"Malocclusion in children and adolescents with Down syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Dorigu\u00eatto PV","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dorigu\u00eatto PV, Carrada CF, Scalioni FA, Abreu LG, Devito KL, Paiva SM, Ribeiro RA. Malocclusion in children and adolescents with Down syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2019, 29:524-41. 10.1111\/ipd.12491","journal-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S154723","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea in patients with Down syndrome: current perspectives","volume":"10","author":"Simpson R","year":"2018","unstructured":"Simpson R, Oyekan AA, Ehsan Z, Ingram DG. Obstructive sleep apnea in patients with Down syndrome: current perspectives. Nat Sci Sleep. 2018, 10:287-93. 10.2147\/NSS.S154723","journal-title":"Nat Sci Sleep"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.5554","article-title":"Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome","volume":"39","author":"Maris M","year":"2016","unstructured":"Maris M, Verhulst S, Wojciechowski M, Van de Heyning P, Boudewyns A. Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome. Sleep. 2016, 39:699-704. 10.5665\/sleep.5554","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref74","article-title":"Palatal and dental arch morphology in Down syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Skrinjari\u0107 T","year":"2004","unstructured":"Skrinjari\u0107 T, Glavina D, Juki\u0107 J. Palatal and dental arch morphology in Down syndrome. Coll Antropol. 2004, 28:841-7.","journal-title":"Coll Antropol"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3104\/reports.1999","article-title":"Metric analysis of the hard palate in children with Down syndrome: a comparative study","volume":"12","author":"Bhagyalakshmi G","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bhagyalakshmi G, Renukarya AJ, Rajangam S. Metric analysis of the hard palate in children with Down syndrome: a comparative study. Downs Syndr Res Pract. 2007, 12:55-9. 10.3104\/reports.1999","journal-title":"Downs Syndr Res Pract"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0182728","article-title":"Growth of the hard palate in infants with Down syndrome compared with healthy infants-a retrospective case control study","volume":"12","author":"Klingel D","year":"2017","unstructured":"Klingel D, Hohoff A, Kwiecien R, Wiechmann D, Stamm T. Growth of the hard palate in infants with Down syndrome compared with healthy infants-a retrospective case control study. PLoS One. 2017, 12:e0182728. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0182728","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jispcd.JISPCD_396_18","article-title":"Oral health status among children with Down syndrome in Dubai, United Arab Emirates","volume":"9","author":"Ghaith B","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ghaith B, Al Halabi M, Khamis AH, Kowash M. Oral health status among children with Down syndrome in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2019, 9:232-9. 10.4103\/jispcd.JISPCD_396_18","journal-title":"J Int Soc Prev Community Dent"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children8100888","article-title":"Down syndrome children, malocclusion characteristics and the need for orthodontic treatment (IOTN): a cross-sectional study","volume":"8","author":"Alkawari H","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alkawari H. Down syndrome children, malocclusion characteristics and the need for orthodontic treatment (IOTN): a cross-sectional study. Children (Basel). 2021, 8:888. 10.3390\/children8100888","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13005-023-00362-5","article-title":"Orofacial findings and orthodontic treatment conditions in patients with down syndrome - a retrospective investigation","volume":"19","author":"M\u00f6hlhenrich SC","year":"2023","unstructured":"M\u00f6hlhenrich SC, Schmidt P, Chhatwani S, et al.. Orofacial findings and orthodontic treatment conditions in patients with down syndrome - a retrospective investigation. Head Face Med. 2023, 19:15. 10.1186\/s13005-023-00362-5","journal-title":"Head Face Med"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.09.014","article-title":"Factors associated with malocclusions in children and adolescents with Down syndrome","volume":"133","author":"Oliveira AC","year":"2008","unstructured":"Oliveira AC, Paiva SM, Campos MR, Czeresnia D. Factors associated with malocclusions in children and adolescents with Down syndrome. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008, 133:489.e1-8. 10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.09.014","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/072709-421.1","article-title":"Feeding and nonnutritive sucking habits and prevalence of open bite and crossbite in children\/adolescents with Down syndrome","volume":"80","author":"Oliveira AC","year":"2010","unstructured":"Oliveira AC, Pordeus IA, Torres CS, Martins MT, Paiva SM. Feeding and nonnutritive sucking habits and prevalence of open bite and crossbite in children\/adolescents with Down syndrome. Angle Orthod. 2010, 80:748-53. 10.2319\/072709-421.1","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/872367","article-title":"Severity of occlusal disharmonies in Down syndrome","volume":"2012","author":"Bauer D","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bauer D, Evans CA, Begole EA, Salzmann L. Severity of occlusal disharmonies in Down syndrome. Int J Dent. 2012, 2012:872367. 10.1155\/2012\/872367","journal-title":"Int J Dent"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/062813-480.1","article-title":"Malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need evaluated among subjects with Down syndrome using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI)","volume":"84","author":"Abdul Rahim FS","year":"2014","unstructured":"Abdul Rahim FS, Mohamed AM, Nor MM, Saub R. Malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need evaluated among subjects with Down syndrome using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Angle Orthod. 2014, 84:600-6. 10.2319\/062813-480.1","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-3107BOR-2015.vol29.0044","article-title":"Down syndrome: a risk factor for malocclusion severity?","volume":"29","author":"Marques LS","year":"2015","unstructured":"Marques LS, Alc\u00e2ntara CE, Pereira LJ, Ramos-Jorge ML. Down syndrome: a risk factor for malocclusion severity?. Braz Oral Res. 2015, 29:44. 10.1590\/1807-3107BOR-2015.vol29.0044","journal-title":"Braz Oral Res"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.12160","article-title":"Malocclusion and the need for orthodontic treatment in 8-year-old children with Down syndrome: a cross-sectional population-based study","volume":"36","author":"Andersson EM","year":"2016","unstructured":"Andersson EM, Axelsson S, Katsaris KP. Malocclusion and the need for orthodontic treatment in 8-year-old children with Down syndrome: a cross-sectional population-based study. Spec Care Dentist. 2016, 36:194-200. 10.1111\/scd.12160","journal-title":"Spec Care Dentist"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.12790","article-title":"Comparison of the malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs of Down syndrome and non-syndromic subjects by using the dental aesthetics index","volume":"43","author":"Syed Mohamed AM","year":"2023","unstructured":"Syed Mohamed AM, Wei TZ, Sean CJ, Rosli TI. Comparison of the malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs of Down syndrome and non-syndromic subjects by using the dental aesthetics index. Spec Care Dentist. 2023, 43:554-60. 10.1111\/scd.12790","journal-title":"Spec Care Dentist"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59091657","article-title":"Prevalence of malocclusions in Down syndrome population: a cross-sectional study","volume":"59","author":"Alessandri-Bonetti A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alessandri-Bonetti A, Guglielmi F, Mollo A, Sangalli L, Gallenzi P. Prevalence of malocclusions in Down syndrome population: a cross-sectional study. Medicina (Kaunas). 2023, 59:1657. 10.3390\/medicina59091657","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"ref88","article-title":"Maxillary expansion therapy in children with Down syndrome","volume":"32","author":"Outumuro M","year":"2010","unstructured":"Outumuro M, Abeleira MT, Caama\u00f1o F, Limeres J, Suarez D, Diz P, Tom\u00e1s I. Maxillary expansion therapy in children with Down syndrome. Pediatr Dent. 2010, 32:499-504.","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2015.1103318","article-title":"Fixed multibracket dental therapy has challenges but can be successfully performed in young persons with Down syndrome","volume":"38","author":"Abeleira MT","year":"2016","unstructured":"Abeleira MT, Pazos E, Limeres J, Outumuro M, Diniz M, Diz P. Fixed multibracket dental therapy has challenges but can be successfully performed in young persons with Down syndrome. Disabil Rehabil. 2016, 38:1391-6. 10.3109\/09638288.2015.1103318","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.12820","article-title":"Treatment of Class II malocclusion with anterior open bite and posterior crossbite with the aid of mini-implants in a patient with Down syndrome: clinical case report","volume":"43","author":"Pithon MM","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pithon MM, Tanaka OM. Treatment of Class II malocclusion with anterior open bite and posterior crossbite with the aid of mini-implants in a patient with Down syndrome: clinical case report. Spec Care Dentist. 2023, 43:713-26. 10.1111\/scd.12820","journal-title":"Spec Care Dentist"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.7126","article-title":"Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome: a meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Lee CF","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee CF, Lee CH, Hsueh WY, Lin MT, Kang KT. Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome: a meta-analysis. J Clin Sleep Med. 2018, 14:867-75. 10.5664\/jcsm.7126","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2020.109968","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea in children with down syndrome - prevalence and evaluation of surgical treatment","volume":"133","author":"Nerfeldt P","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nerfeldt P, Sundelin A. Obstructive sleep apnea in children with down syndrome - prevalence and evaluation of surgical treatment. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2020, 133:109968. 10.1016\/j.ijporl.2020.109968","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.61777","article-title":"Prevalence, severity, and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome: a retrospective study","volume":"16","author":"Al-Naimi AR","year":"2024","unstructured":"Al-Naimi AR, Abu-Hasan M, Belavendra A, Janahi I. Prevalence, severity, and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome: a retrospective study. Cureus. 2024, 16:e61777. 10.7759\/cureus.61777","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0026-2022","article-title":"Predictors of sleep disordered breathing in children with Down syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"31","author":"Hanna N","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hanna N, Hanna Y, Blinder H, Bokhaut J, Katz SL. Predictors of sleep disordered breathing in children with Down syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Respir Rev. 2022, 31:220026. 10.1183\/16000617.0026-2022","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"ref95","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome","volume":"17","author":"Hizal M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hizal M, Sucu A, Murat E, et al.. Obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome. J Clin Sleep Med. 2021, 17:2295-302.","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"ref96","article-title":"Early detection and treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea in infants with Down syndrome: a prospective cohort study","volume":"44","author":"Fauroux B","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fauroux B, Amaddeo A, Khirani S, et al.. Early detection and treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea in infants with Down syndrome: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Reg Health Eur. 2024, 44:100979.","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Eur"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599819837243","article-title":"Adherence to guidelines for screening polysomnography in children with Down syndrome","volume":"161","author":"Knollman PD","year":"2019","unstructured":"Knollman PD, Heubi CH, Meinzen-Derr J, Smith DF, Shott SR, Wiley S, Ishman SL. Adherence to guidelines for screening polysomnography in children with Down syndrome. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019, 161:157-63. 10.1177\/0194599819837243","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2023.111546","article-title":"The impact of obstructive sleep apnea screening guidelines in children with Down syndrome","volume":"168","author":"Matarese CA","year":"2023","unstructured":"Matarese CA, Slattery WH, Koltai PJ, et al.. The impact of obstructive sleep apnea screening guidelines in children with Down syndrome. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2023, 168:111546.","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"ref99","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of adenotonsillectomy in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"Li Y","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li Y, Lu Z, Wang Y, et al.. Efficacy and safety of adenotonsillectomy in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2024, 33:e13946.","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2023.06.009","article-title":"The management of residual OSA post-adenotonsillectomy in children with Down syndrome: the experience of a large tertiary sleep service","volume":"109","author":"Tanner S","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tanner S, Collaro A, Chawla J. The management of residual OSA post-adenotonsillectomy in children with Down syndrome: the experience of a large tertiary sleep service. Sleep Med. 2023, 109:158-63. 10.1016\/j.sleep.2023.06.009","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202310-1857ST","article-title":"Management of persistent, post-adenotonsillectomy obstructive sleep apnea in children: an Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline","volume":"209","author":"Ehsan Z","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ehsan Z, Ishman SL, Soghier I, et al.. Management of persistent, post-adenotonsillectomy obstructive sleep apnea in children: an Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2024, 209:248-61. 10.1164\/rccm.202310-1857ST","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2025.1553984","article-title":"Respiratory and airway disorders in children with Down syndrome: a review of the clinical challenges and management","volume":"13","author":"Craven VE","year":"2025","unstructured":"Craven VE, Daw WJ, Wan JW, Elphick HE. Respiratory and airway disorders in children with Down syndrome: a review of the clinical challenges and management. Front Pediatr. 2025, 13:1553984. 10.3389\/fped.2025.1553984","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2015.11.027","article-title":"The prevalence of airway problems in children with Down's syndrome","volume":"81","author":"Hamilton J","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hamilton J, Yaneza MM, Clement WA, Kubba H. The prevalence of airway problems in children with Down's syndrome. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2016, 81:1-4. 10.1016\/j.ijporl.2015.11.027","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24741","article-title":"The prevalence of lower airway anomalies in children with Down syndrome compared to controls","volume":"55","author":"De Lausnay M","year":"2020","unstructured":"De Lausnay M, Verhulst S, Boel L, Wojciechowski M, Boudewyns A, Van Hoorenbeeck K. The prevalence of lower airway anomalies in children with Down syndrome compared to controls. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2020, 55:1259-63. 10.1002\/ppul.24741","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.14138","article-title":"An assessment of perioperative respiratory adverse events and difficult intubation in pediatric patients with trisomy 21","volume":"31","author":"Graber TJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Graber TJ, Baskin PL, Soria C, Greenberg M, Gabriel RA, Brzenski A. An assessment of perioperative respiratory adverse events and difficult intubation in pediatric patients with trisomy 21. Paediatr Anaesth. 2021, 31:410-8. 10.1111\/pan.14138","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25203","article-title":"Tracheal anomalies associated with Down syndrome: a systematic review","volume":"56","author":"Fockens MM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fockens MM, H\u00f6lscher M, Limpens J, Dikkers FG. Tracheal anomalies associated with Down syndrome: a systematic review. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2021, 56:814-22. 10.1002\/ppul.25203","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200004000-00010","article-title":"Down syndrome: analysis of airway size and a guide for appropriate intubation","volume":"110","author":"Shott SR","year":"2000","unstructured":"Shott SR. Down syndrome: analysis of airway size and a guide for appropriate intubation. Laryngoscope. 2000, 110:585-92. 10.1097\/00005537-200004000-00010","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2344\/anpr-63-16-65","article-title":"Tracheal stenosis detected during endotracheal intubation in a patient with Down syndrome","volume":"71","author":"Ujita T","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ujita T, Yamamoto T, Tanaka Y, Kurata S, Seo K. Tracheal stenosis detected during endotracheal intubation in a patient with Down syndrome. Anesth Prog. 2024, 71:85-6. 10.2344\/anpr-63-16-65","journal-title":"Anesth Prog"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14092900","article-title":"Perioperative complications in children with Down syndrome: a single-center retrospective analysis\u2014original clinical research report","volume":"14","author":"Tsao M","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tsao M, Yanko F, Cheon E. Perioperative complications in children with Down syndrome: a single-center retrospective analysis\u2014original clinical research report. J Clin Med. 2025, 14:2900. 10.3390\/jcm14092900","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref110","article-title":"Guidelines for monitoring and management of pediatric patients before, during, and after sedation for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures","volume":"47","author":"Cot\u00e9 CJ","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cot\u00e9 CJ, Wilson S. Guidelines for monitoring and management of pediatric patients before, during, and after sedation for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Pediatr Dent. 2025, 47:100E-28E.","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.80.4.555","article-title":"Atlantoaxial instability in individuals with Down syndrome: epidemiologic, radiographic, and clinical studies","volume":"80","author":"Pueschel SM","year":"1987","unstructured":"Pueschel SM, Scola FH. Atlantoaxial instability in individuals with Down syndrome: epidemiologic, radiographic, and clinical studies. Pediatrics. 1987, 80:555-60.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-005-0070-y","article-title":"Cervical spine abnormalities associated with Down syndrome","volume":"30","author":"Ali FE","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ali FE, Al-Bustan MA, Al-Busairi WA, Al-Mulla FA, Esbaita EY. Cervical spine abnormalities associated with Down syndrome. Int Orthop. 2006, 30:284-9. 10.1007\/s00264-005-0070-y","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200503000-00030","article-title":"Cervical spine considerations when anesthetizing patients with Down syndrome","volume":"102","author":"Hata T","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hata T, Todd MM. Cervical spine considerations when anesthetizing patients with Down syndrome. Anesthesiology. 2005, 102:680-5. 10.1097\/00000542-200503000-00030","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0b013e3282f35f19","article-title":"Down syndrome: orthopedic issues","volume":"20","author":"Mik G","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mik G, Gholve PA, Scher DM, Widmann RF, Green DW. Down syndrome: orthopedic issues. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2008, 20:30-6. 10.1097\/MOP.0b013e3282f35f19","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.1995.tb00326.x","article-title":"Preoperative evaluation of the cervical spine in children with trisomy-21: results of a questionnaire study","volume":"5","author":"Litman RS","year":"1995","unstructured":"Litman RS, Zerngast BA, Perkins FM. Preoperative evaluation of the cervical spine in children with trisomy-21: results of a questionnaire study. Paediatr Anaesth. 1995, 5:355-61. 10.1111\/j.1460-9592.1995.tb00326.x","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13132213","article-title":"Orthodontic and facial characteristics of craniofacial syndromic children with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"13","author":"Alsaeed S","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alsaeed S, Huynh N, Wensley D, et al.. Orthodontic and facial characteristics of craniofacial syndromic children with obstructive sleep apnea. Diagnostics (Basel). 2023, 13:2213. 10.3390\/diagnostics13132213","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.identj.2025.109368","article-title":"A narrative review of dental general anesthesia in children with special health care needs","volume":"76","author":"Yang J","year":"2026","unstructured":"Yang J, Zheng X, He Y, Cao D, Zhang X, Chen Y, Tu Y. A narrative review of dental general anesthesia in children with special health care needs. Int Dent J. 2026, 76:109368. 10.1016\/j.identj.2025.109368","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jspd.2019.01.012","article-title":"An updated algorithm for radiographic screening of upper cervical instability in patients with Down syndrome","volume":"7","author":"Bouchard M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bouchard M, Bauer JM, Bompadre V, Krengel WF 3rd. An updated algorithm for radiographic screening of upper cervical instability in patients with Down syndrome. Spine Deform. 2019, 7:950-6. 10.1016\/j.jspd.2019.01.012","journal-title":"Spine Deform"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children12040421","article-title":"Radiological screening of atlantoaxial instability in children with Trisomy 21: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Cattarinussi L","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cattarinussi L, Bregou A, Newman CJ, Merckaert SR. Radiological screening of atlantoaxial instability in children with Trisomy 21: a systematic review. Children (Basel). 2025, 12:421. 10.3390\/children12040421","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2023-220638","article-title":"Prevalence of congenital heart defects in people with Down syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"79","author":"Xu CX","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xu CX, Chen L, Cheng Y, Du Y. Prevalence of congenital heart defects in people with Down syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2025, 79:445-50. 10.1136\/jech-2023-220638","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.31638","article-title":"Prevalence of congenital heart defects in individuals with Down syndrome in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Sharaf R","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sharaf R, Garout W, Sharaf R. Prevalence of congenital heart defects in individuals with Down syndrome in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cureus. 2022, 14:e31638. 10.7759\/cureus.31638","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19981116)80:3<213::AID-AJMG6>3.0.CO;2-8","article-title":"Population-based study of congenital heart defects in Down syndrome","volume":"80","author":"Freeman SB","year":"1998","unstructured":"Freeman SB, Taft LF, Dooley KJ, et al.. Population-based study of congenital heart defects in Down syndrome. Am J Med Genet. 1998, 80:213-7.","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000969","article-title":"Prevention of viridans group streptococcal infective endocarditis: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"143","author":"Wilson WR","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wilson WR, Gewitz M, Lockhart PB, et al.. Prevention of viridans group streptococcal infective endocarditis: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2021, 143:e963-78. 10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000969","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref124","unstructured":"Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Dental Patients at Risk for Infection. (2025). https.\/\/www.aapd.org\/research\/oral-health-policies--recommendations\/antibiotic-prophylaxis-for-dental-patients-at-ris...."},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415-024-7355-2","article-title":"Prevention of infective endocarditis in at-risk patients: how should dentists proceed in 2024?","volume":"236","author":"Thornhill M","year":"2024","unstructured":"Thornhill M, Prendergast B, Dayer M, Frisby A, Lockhart P, Baddour LM. Prevention of infective endocarditis in at-risk patients: how should dentists proceed in 2024?. Br Dent J. 2024, 236:709-16. 10.1038\/s41415-024-7355-2","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app11125408","article-title":"Oral manifestations in children and young adults with Down syndrome: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"11","author":"Contaldo M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Contaldo M, Santoro R, Romano A, et al.. Oral manifestations in children and young adults with Down syndrome: a systematic review of the literature. Appl Sci. 2021, 11:5408. 10.3390\/app11125408","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.52283","article-title":"Lip and oral lesions in children with Down syndrome. a controlled study","volume":"7","author":"Al-Maweri SA","year":"2015","unstructured":"Al-Maweri SA, Tarakji B, Al-Sufyani GA, Al-Shamiri HM, Gazal G. Lip and oral lesions in children with Down syndrome. a controlled study. J Clin Exp Dent. 2015, 7:e284-8. 10.4317\/jced.52283","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Dent"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-9668.159983","article-title":"Oral Candidal and Streptococcal carriage in Down syndrome patients","volume":"6","author":"Mohiddin G","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mohiddin G, Narayanaswamy AB, Masthan KM, Nagarajan A, Panda A, Behura SS. Oral Candidal and Streptococcal carriage in Down syndrome patients. J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2015, 6:300-5. 10.4103\/0976-9668.159983","journal-title":"J Nat Sci Biol Med"},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10050494","article-title":"Association between antimicrobial peptide histatin 5 levels and oral Candida infection in Down syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Komatsu T","year":"2021","unstructured":"Komatsu T, Watanabe K, Hamada N, Helmerhorst E, Oppenheim F, Lee MC. Association between antimicrobial peptide histatin 5 levels and oral Candida infection in Down syndrome. Antibiotics (Basel). 2021, 10:494. 10.3390\/antibiotics10050494","journal-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-016-9725-7","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of dysphagia in children with Down syndrome","volume":"31","author":"Jackson A","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jackson A, Maybee J, Moran MK, Wolter-Warmerdam K, Hickey F. Clinical characteristics of dysphagia in children with Down syndrome. Dysphagia. 2016, 31:663-71. 10.1007\/s00455-016-9725-7","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12617","article-title":"Feeding and swallowing difficulties in children with Down syndrome","volume":"63","author":"Anil MA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Anil MA, Shabnam S, Narayanan S. Feeding and swallowing difficulties in children with Down syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2019, 63:992-1014. 10.1111\/jir.12617","journal-title":"J Intellect Disabil Res"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10882-022-09875-4","article-title":"Swallowing-related problems of toddlers with Down syndrome","volume":"35","author":"Serel Arslan S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Serel Arslan S. Swallowing-related problems of toddlers with Down syndrome. J Dev Phys Disabil. 2022, 35:1-11. 10.1007\/s10882-022-09875-4","journal-title":"J Dev Phys Disabil"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1085779","article-title":"A biophysiological framework exploring factors affecting speech and swallowing in clinical populations: focus on individuals with Down syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Madhavan A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Madhavan A, Lam L, Etter NM, Wilkinson KM. A biophysiological framework exploring factors affecting speech and swallowing in clinical populations: focus on individuals with Down syndrome. Front Psychol. 2023, 14:1085779. 10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1085779","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sdeng.2016.07.001","article-title":"Temporomandibular joint evaluation in subjects with Down syndrome","volume":"20","author":"Salazar AP","year":"2016","unstructured":"Salazar AP, Nery JC, Donini L, Nora VP, Peralles RN. Temporomandibular joint evaluation in subjects with Down syndrome. Int Med Rev Down Syndr. 2016, 20:39-42. 10.1016\/j.sdeng.2016.07.001","journal-title":"Int Med Rev Down Syndr"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13027","article-title":"A home-based multidisciplinary programme for Down syndrome adults with muscular temporomandibular disorder","volume":"47","author":"Sena LD","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sena LD, Palma LF, Marques SR, Sanches ML, de Moraes LO. A home-based multidisciplinary programme for Down syndrome adults with muscular temporomandibular disorder. J Oral Rehabil. 2020, 47:939-43. 10.1111\/joor.13027","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"},{"key":"ref136","unstructured":"Management of Dental Patients with Special Health Care Needs. (2026). https.\/\/www.aapd.org\/research\/oral-health-policies--recommendations\/management-of-dental-patients-with-special-health...."}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/514055-oral-health-and-dental-management-of-children-with-down-syndrome-a-comprehensive-review","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T17:30:07Z","timestamp":1786642207000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/514055-oral-health-and-dental-management-of-children-with-down-syndrome-a-comprehensive-review"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"references-count":136,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.114489","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]}}}