{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T18:32:05Z","timestamp":1786645925201,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.114491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T18:08:47Z","timestamp":1786644527000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sarcoidosis Presenting With Severe Hypercalcemia, Renal Dysfunction, and Bilateral Submandibular Swelling: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Rey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nereida","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Lopes Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2101555","article-title":"Challenges of sarcoidosis and its management","volume":"385","author":"Drent M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Drent M, Crouser ED, Grunewald J. Challenges of sarcoidosis and its management. N Engl J Med. 2021, 385:1018-1032. 10.1056\/NEJMra2101555","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202002-0251ST","article-title":"Diagnosis and detection of sarcoidosis. An official American Thoracic Society clinical practice guideline","volume":"201","author":"Crouser ED","year":"2020","unstructured":"Crouser ED, Maier LA, Wilson KC, et al.. Diagnosis and detection of sarcoidosis. An official American Thoracic Society clinical practice guideline. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020, 201:e26-e51. 10.1164\/rccm.202002-0251ST","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2019-214348","article-title":"BTS clinical statement on pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"76","author":"Thillai M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Thillai M, Atkins CP, Crawshaw A, et al.. BTS clinical statement on pulmonary sarcoidosis. Thorax. 2021, 76:4-20. 10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2019-214348","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00063198-200009000-00010","article-title":"Hypercalcemia in granulomatous disorders: a clinical review","volume":"6","author":"Sharma OP","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sharma OP. Hypercalcemia in granulomatous disorders: a clinical review. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2000, 6:442-447. 10.1097\/00063198-200009000-00010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1262215","article-title":"Calcium and vitamin D in sarcoidosis: how to assess and manage","volume":"31","author":"Burke RR","year":"2010","unstructured":"Burke RR, Rybicki BA, Rao DS. Calcium and vitamin D in sarcoidosis: how to assess and manage. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2010, 31:474-484. 10.1055\/s-0030-1262215","journal-title":"Semin Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-022-01369-y","article-title":"Renal sarcoidosis","volume":"36","author":"Calatroni M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Calatroni M, Moroni G, Reggiani F, Ponticelli C. Renal sarcoidosis. J Nephrol. 2023, 36:5-15. 10.1007\/s40620-022-01369-y","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.10399","article-title":"The diagnostic dilemma of sarcoidosis: a case of acute hypercalcemia","volume":"12","author":"Mulkareddy V","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mulkareddy V, Bhalla V, Upadhye S, Siddam P. The diagnostic dilemma of sarcoidosis: a case of acute hypercalcemia. Cureus. 2020, 12:e10399. 10.7759\/cureus.10399","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jecr.2023.100148","article-title":"Severe hypercalcemia from sarcoidosis with a non-suppressed parathyroid hormone and \"positive\" parathyroid scan","volume":"29","author":"Cillo M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cillo M. Severe hypercalcemia from sarcoidosis with a non-suppressed parathyroid hormone and \"positive\" parathyroid scan. J Clin Transl Endocrinol Case Rep. 2023, 29:100148. 10.1016\/j.jecr.2023.100148","journal-title":"J Clin Transl Endocrinol Case Rep"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2009.08.001","article-title":"Sarcoidosis of the submandibular gland: a systematic review","volume":"31","author":"Vourexakis Z","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vourexakis Z, Dulguerov P, Bouayed S, Burkhardt K, Landis BN. Sarcoidosis of the submandibular gland: a systematic review. Am J Otolaryngol. 2010, 31:424-428. 10.1016\/j.amjoto.2009.08.001","journal-title":"Am J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14217539","article-title":"Salivary gland sarcoidosis: systematic review of case reports and case series","volume":"14","author":"Abouseif N","year":"2025","unstructured":"Abouseif N, Jaber M, Abdelsayed RB.  Salivary gland sarcoidosis: systematic review of case reports and case series. J Clin Med. 2025, 14:7539. 10.3390\/jcm14217539","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.95236","article-title":"Sarcoidosis masquerading as adjustment disorder: a case report of hypercalcemia-induced altered sensorium","volume":"17","author":"Sri K","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sri K, Gopalan S. Sarcoidosis masquerading as adjustment disorder: a case report of hypercalcemia-induced altered sensorium. Cureus. 2025, 17:e95236. 10.7759\/cureus.95236","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.64454","article-title":"Malignant hypercalcemia revealing pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"16","author":"Lakhal M","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lakhal M, Kebbara S, Thouil A, Kouismi H. Malignant hypercalcemia revealing pulmonary sarcoidosis. Cureus. 2024, 16:e64454. 10.7759\/cureus.64454","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/4186086","article-title":"Granulomatous interstitial nephritis presenting as hypercalcemia and nephrolithiasis","volume":"2016","author":"Sharmeen S","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sharmeen S, Kalkan E, Yi C, Smith SD. Granulomatous interstitial nephritis presenting as hypercalcemia and nephrolithiasis. Case Rep Nephrol. 2016, 2016:4186086. 10.1155\/2016\/4186086","journal-title":"Case Rep Nephrol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60680-7","article-title":"Sarcoidosis","volume":"383","author":"Valeyre D","year":"2014","unstructured":"Valeyre D, Prasse A, Nunes H, Uzunhan Y, Brillet P-Y, M\u00fcller-Quernheim J. Sarcoidosis. Lancet. 2014, 383:1155-1167. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60680-7","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13247657","article-title":"Put down the ACE: low clinical utility for angiotensin-converting enzyme levels in sarcoidosis: a single-center retrospective cohort study","volume":"13","author":"Druyan A","year":"2024","unstructured":"Druyan A, Shuv N, Lidar M. Put down the ACE: low clinical utility for angiotensin-converting enzyme levels in sarcoidosis: a single-center retrospective cohort study. J Clin Med. 2024, 13:7657. 10.3390\/jcm13247657","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.04079-2020","article-title":"ERS clinical practice guidelines on treatment of sarcoidosis","volume":"58","author":"Baughman RP","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baughman RP, Valeyre D, Korsten P, et al.. ERS clinical practice guidelines on treatment of sarcoidosis. Eur Respir J. 2021, 58:2004079. 10.1183\/13993003.04079-2020","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/510293-sarcoidosis-presenting-with-severe-hypercalcemia-renal-dysfunction-and-bilateral-submandibular-swelling-a-case-report","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T18:08:47Z","timestamp":1786644527000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/510293-sarcoidosis-presenting-with-severe-hypercalcemia-renal-dysfunction-and-bilateral-submandibular-swelling-a-case-report"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"references-count":16,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.114491","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]}}}