{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T09:26:08Z","timestamp":1786872368638,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.114589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T09:10:29Z","timestamp":1786871429000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Active Interventions for the Prevention and Treatment of Pregnancy-Related Lumbopelvic Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Jan","family":"Mens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique","family":"Stikvoort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-003-0615-y","article-title":"Pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain (PPP), I: terminology, clinical presentation, and prevalence","volume":"13","author":"Wu WH","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wu WH, Meijer OG, Uegaki K, Mens JM, van Die\u00ebn JH, Wuisman PI, Ostgaard HC. Pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain (PPP), I: terminology, clinical presentation, and prevalence. Eur Spine J. 2004, 13:575-89. 10.1007\/s00586-003-0615-y","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"The effect of an exercise program and ergonomic advice in the treatment of pregnancy-related low back pain: a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"20","author":"Bandpei MAM","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bandpei MAM, Ahmadshirvani M, Fakhri M, Rahmani N. The effect of an exercise program and ergonomic advice in the treatment of pregnancy-related low back pain: a randomized controlled clinical trial. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2010, 20:9-17.","journal-title":"J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-1906","article-title":"Effect of a regular exercise programme on pelvic girdle and low back pain in previously inactive pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"47","author":"Haakstad LA","year":"2015","unstructured":"Haakstad LA, B\u00f8 K. Effect of a regular exercise programme on pelvic girdle and low back pain in previously inactive pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial. J Rehabil Med. 2015, 47:229-34. 10.2340\/16501977-1906","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15296\/ijwhr.2018.27","article-title":"Efficacy of a physical training program on pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain","volume":"6","author":"Mirmolaei ST","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mirmolaei ST, Ansari NN, Mahmoudi M, Ranjbar F. Efficacy of a physical training program on pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain. Int J Womens Health Reprod Sci. 2018, 6:161-6. 10.15296\/ijwhr.2018.27","journal-title":"Int J Womens Health Reprod Sci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340601089651","article-title":"Does group training during pregnancy prevent lumbopelvic pain? A randomized clinical trial","volume":"86","author":"M\u00f8rkved S","year":"2007","unstructured":"M\u00f8rkved S, Salvesen KA, Schei B, Lydersen S, B\u00f8 K. Does group training during pregnancy prevent lumbopelvic pain? A randomized clinical trial. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2007, 86:276-82. 10.1080\/00016340601089651","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20110119","article-title":"Can supervised group exercises including ergonomic advice reduce the prevalence and severity of low back pain and pelvic girdle pain in pregnancy? A randomized controlled trial","volume":"92","author":"Eggen MH","year":"2012","unstructured":"Eggen MH, Stuge B, Mowinckel P, Jensen KS, Hagen KB. Can supervised group exercises including ergonomic advice reduce the prevalence and severity of low back pain and pelvic girdle pain in pregnancy? A randomized controlled trial. Phys Ther. 2012, 92:781-90. 10.2522\/ptj.20110119","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page MJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al.. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021, 372:n71. 10.1136\/bmj.n71","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"Centre for evidence-based physiotherapy. Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). (2012). Accessed: January 8, 2026: https:\/\/pedro.org.au\/."},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"Choosing effect measures and computing estimates of effect","author":"Higgins JP","year":"2022","unstructured":"Higgins JP, Li T, Deeks JJ (editors). Chapter 6: Choosing effect measures and computing estimates of effect. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.3. Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J. and M, Cumpston and T, Li, MJ, Page (ed): The Cochrane Collaboration, London; 2022."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0182114","article-title":"The effects of an unsupervised water exercise program on low back pain and sick leave among healthy pregnant women - a randomised controlled trial","volume":"12","author":"Backhausen MG","year":"2017","unstructured":"Backhausen MG, Tabor A, Albert H, Rosth\u00f8j S, Damm P, Hegaard HK. The effects of an unsupervised water exercise program on low back pain and sick leave among healthy pregnant women - a randomised controlled trial. PLoS One. 2017, 12:e0182114. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0182114","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2023.101087","article-title":"Standardized stretching postural postures to treat low-back pain in pregnancy: the GEMALODO randomized clinical trial","volume":"5","author":"Barbier M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Barbier M, Blanc J, Faust C, Baumstarck K, Ranque-Garnier S, Bretelle F. Standardized stretching postural postures to treat low-back pain in pregnancy: the GEMALODO randomized clinical trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2023, 5:101087. 10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2023.101087","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2011.08.002","article-title":"Yoga and massage therapy reduce prenatal depression and prematurity","volume":"16","author":"Field T","year":"2012","unstructured":"Field T, Diego M, Hernandez-Reif M, Medina L, Delgado J, Hernandez A. Yoga and massage therapy reduce prenatal depression and prematurity. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2012, 16:204-9. 10.1016\/j.jbmt.2011.08.002","journal-title":"J Bodyw Mov Ther"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/health.2014.621335","article-title":"Pregnancy-related low back pain relief after maximum static flexibility program","volume":"6","author":"Figueira H","year":"2014","unstructured":"Figueira H, Vale R, Rodrigues W, Figueira A, Figueira J, Dantas E. Pregnancy-related low back pain relief after maximum static flexibility program. Health. 2014, 6:2966-72. 10.4236\/health.2014.621335","journal-title":"Health"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2020-0143","article-title":"Expert advice about therapeutic exercise during pregnancy reduces the symptoms of sacroiliac dysfunction","volume":"48","author":"Filipec M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Filipec M, Matijevi\u0107 R. Expert advice about therapeutic exercise during pregnancy reduces the symptoms of sacroiliac dysfunction. J Perinat Med. 2020, 48:559-65. 10.1515\/jpm-2020-0143","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2004.12.001","article-title":"The effect of exercise on the intensity of low back pain in pregnant women","volume":"88","author":"Garshasbi A","year":"2005","unstructured":"Garshasbi A, Faghih Zadeh S. The effect of exercise on the intensity of low back pain in pregnant women. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2005, 88:271-5. 10.1016\/j.ijgo.2004.12.001","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1809-29502011000200011","article-title":"Lumbar pain during pregnancy: efficacy of Global Postural Reeducation (GPR) treatment","volume":"18","author":"Gil VFB","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gil VFB, Osis MJD, Fa\u00fandes A. Lumbar pain during pregnancy: efficacy of Global Postural Reeducation (GPR) treatment. Fisioter Pesqui. 2011, 18:164-70. 10.1590\/S1809-29502011000200011","journal-title":"Fisioter Pesqui"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2009.06.018","article-title":"The effect of exercise on back pain and lordosis in pregnant women","volume":"107","author":"Kashanian M","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kashanian M, Akbari Z, Alizadeh MH. The effect of exercise on back pain and lordosis in pregnant women. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2009, 107:160-1. 10.1016\/j.ijgo.2009.06.018","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000337720","article-title":"Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation improves low back pain during pregnancy","volume":"74","author":"Keskin EA","year":"2012","unstructured":"Keskin EA, Onur O, Keskin HL, Gumus II, Kafali H, Turhan N. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation improves low back pain during pregnancy. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2012, 74:76-83. 10.1159\/000337720","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.1999.780302.x","article-title":"Water-gymnastics reduced the intensity of back\/low back pain in pregnant women","volume":"78","author":"Kihlstrand M","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kihlstrand M, Stenman B, Nilsson S, Axelsson O. Water-gymnastics reduced the intensity of back\/low back pain in pregnant women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1999, 78:180-5. 10.1034\/j.1600-0412.1999.780302.x","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2010.10.030","article-title":"Specific exercises to treat pregnancy-related low back pain in a South African population","volume":"113","author":"Kluge J","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kluge J, Hall D, Louw Q, Theron G, Grov\u00e9 D. Specific exercises to treat pregnancy-related low back pain in a South African population. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2011, 113:187-91. 10.1016\/j.ijgo.2010.10.030","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-17525-3","article-title":"The effect of exercise training and motivational counselling on physical activity behaviour and psychosocial factors in pregnant women: secondary analyses of the FitMum randomised controlled trial investigating prenatal physical activity","volume":"24","author":"Knudsen SP","year":"2024","unstructured":"Knudsen SP, Roland CB, Alomairah SA, et al.. The effect of exercise training and motivational counselling on physical activity behaviour and psychosocial factors in pregnant women: secondary analyses of the FitMum randomised controlled trial investigating prenatal physical activity. BMC Public Health. 2024, 24:92. 10.1186\/s12889-023-17525-3","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-2012-00357","article-title":"Comparison between the effect of lumbopelvic belt and home based pelvic stabilizing exercise on pregnant women with pelvic girdle pain; a randomized controlled trial","volume":"26","author":"Kordi R","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kordi R, Abolhasani M, Rostami M, Hantoushzadeh S, Mansournia MA, Vasheghani-Farahani F. Comparison between the effect of lumbopelvic belt and home based pelvic stabilizing exercise on pregnant women with pelvic girdle pain; a randomized controlled trial. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2013, 26:133-9. 10.3233\/BMR-2012-00357","journal-title":"J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2023.05.005","article-title":"Effect of core stabilization exercises on pain, functional disability, and quality of life in pregnant women with lumbar and pelvic girdle pain: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"46","author":"Mamipour H","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mamipour H, Farazmehr S, Negahban H, et al.. Effect of core stabilization exercises on pain, functional disability, and quality of life in pregnant women with lumbar and pelvic girdle pain: a randomized controlled trial. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2023, 46:27-36. 10.1016\/j.jmpt.2023.05.005","journal-title":"J Manipulative Physiol Ther"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-72032005000500008","article-title":"An exercise method for the treatment of lumbar and posterior pelvic pain in pregnancy","volume":"27","author":"Martins R","year":"2005","unstructured":"Martins R, Pinto e Silva JL. An exercise method for the treatment of lumbar and posterior pelvic pain in pregnancy. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2005, 27:275-82. 10.1590\/S0100-72032005000500008","journal-title":"Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-13-154","article-title":"Evaluation of a birth preparation program on lumbopelvic pain, urinary incontinence, anxiety and exercise: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"13","author":"Miquelutti MA","year":"2013","unstructured":"Miquelutti MA, Cecatti JG, Makuch MY. Evaluation of a birth preparation program on lumbopelvic pain, urinary incontinence, anxiety and exercise: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2013, 13:154. 10.1186\/1471-2393-13-154","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218957721500032","article-title":"Effect of exercise in water on the musculoskeletal pain in pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Niaraki MR","year":"2021","unstructured":"Niaraki MR, Pakniat H, Alizadeh A, Hosseini MA, Ranjkesh F. Effect of exercise in water on the musculoskeletal pain in pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial. J Musculoskelet Res. 2021, 24:10.1142\/S0218957721500032","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Res"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000158870.68159.d9","article-title":"Effect of three different physical therapy treatments on pain and activity in pregnant women with pelvic girdle pain: a randomized clinical trial with 3, 6, and 12 months follow-up postpartum","volume":"30","author":"Nilsson-Wikmar L","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nilsson-Wikmar L, Holm K, Oijerstedt R, Harms-Ringdahl K. Effect of three different physical therapy treatments on pain and activity in pregnant women with pelvic girdle pain: a randomized clinical trial with 3, 6, and 12 months follow-up postpartum. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005, 30:850-6. 10.1097\/01.brs.0000158870.68159.d9","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199404150-00005","article-title":"Reduction of back and posterior pelvic pain in pregnancy","volume":"19","author":"Ostgaard HC","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ostgaard HC, Zetherstr\u00f6m G, Roos-Hansson E, Svanberg B. Reduction of back and posterior pelvic pain in pregnancy. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1994, 19:894-900. 10.1097\/00007632-199404150-00005","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.12659","article-title":"Evaluation of the efficacy of an exercise program for pregnant women with low back and pelvic pain: a prospective randomized controlled trial","volume":"71","author":"Ozdemir S","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ozdemir S, Bebis H, Ortabag T, Acikel C. Evaluation of the efficacy of an exercise program for pregnant women with low back and pelvic pain: a prospective randomized controlled trial. J Adv Nurs. 2015, 71:1926-39. 10.1111\/jan.12659","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"The effect of physiotherapy intervention on the load of the foot and low back pain in pregnancy","volume":"84","author":"Pod\u011bbradsk\u00e1 R","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pod\u011bbradsk\u00e1 R, \u0160arm\u00edrov\u00e1 M, Janura M, Elfmark M, Proch\u00e1zka M. The effect of physiotherapy intervention on the load of the foot and low back pain in pregnancy. Ceska Gynekol. 2019, 84:450-7.","journal-title":"Ceska Gynekol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22038\/ijogi.2018.10223","article-title":"The effects of 12 weeks body balance and pelvic floor muscle exercise on back pain intensity during pregnancy","volume":"20","author":"Ramezanpour MR","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ramezanpour MR, Akhlaghi F. The effects of 12 weeks body balance and pelvic floor muscle exercise on back pain intensity during pregnancy. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil. 2018, 20:1-7. 10.22038\/ijogi.2018.10223","journal-title":"Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"The effect of an ergometric training program on pregnant women\u2019s weight gain and low back pain","volume":"166","author":"Sedaghati P","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sedaghati P, Ziaee V, Ardjmand A. The effect of an ergometric training program on pregnant women\u2019s weight gain and low back pain. Gazz Med Ital Arch Sci Med. 2007, 166:209-13.","journal-title":"Gazz Med Ital Arch Sci Med"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-2196","article-title":"Effect of therapeutic exercises on pregnancy-related low back pain and pelvic girdle pain: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"49","author":"Sklempe Kokic I","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sklempe Kokic I, Ivanisevic M, Uremovic M, Kokic T, Pisot R, Simunic B. Effect of therapeutic exercises on pregnancy-related low back pain and pelvic girdle pain: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. J Rehabil Med. 2017, 49:251-7. 10.2340\/16501977-2196","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-191810","article-title":"The effects of clinical pilates exercises on functional disability, pain, quality of life and lumbopelvic stabilization in pregnant women with low back pain: a randomized controlled study","volume":"34","author":"Sonmezer E","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sonmezer E, \u00d6zk\u00f6sl\u00fc MA, Yosmao\u011flu HB. The effects of clinical pilates exercises on functional disability, pain, quality of life and lumbopelvic stabilization in pregnant women with low back pain: a randomized controlled study. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2021, 34:69-76. 10.3233\/BMR-191810","journal-title":"J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.2012.01382.x","article-title":"Does regular exercise during pregnancy influence lumbopelvic pain? A randomized controlled trial","volume":"91","author":"Stafne SN","year":"2012","unstructured":"Stafne SN, Salvesen K\u00c5, Romundstad PR, Stuge B, M\u00f8rkved S. Does regular exercise during pregnancy influence lumbopelvic pain? A randomized controlled trial. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2012, 91:552-9. 10.1111\/j.1600-0412.2012.01382.x","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"Effect of the \"sitting pelvic tilt exercise\" during the third trimester in primigravidas on back pain","volume":"85 Suppl 1","author":"Suputtitada A","year":"2002","unstructured":"Suputtitada A, Wacharapreechanont T, Chaisayan P. Effect of the \"sitting pelvic tilt exercise\" during the third trimester in primigravidas on back pain. J Med Assoc Thai. 2002, 85 Suppl 1:S170-9.","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5606\/tftrd.2023.11054","article-title":"Pilates-based therapeutic exercise for pregnancy-related low back and pelvic pain: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"69","author":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m P","year":"2023","unstructured":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m P, Basol G, Karahan AY. Pilates-based therapeutic exercise for pregnancy-related low back and pelvic pain: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil. 2023, 69:207-15. 10.5606\/tftrd.2023.11054","journal-title":"Turk J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2012.04.004","article-title":"Prevalence of low back and pelvic pain during pregnancy in a Norwegian population","volume":"35","author":"Malmqvist S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Malmqvist S, Kjaermann I, Andersen K, \u00d8kland I, Br\u00f8nnick K, Larsen JP. Prevalence of low back and pelvic pain during pregnancy in a Norwegian population. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2012, 35:272-8. 10.1016\/j.jmpt.2012.04.004","journal-title":"J Manipulative Physiol Ther"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2017.6342","article-title":"The severity and impact of pelvic girdle pain and low-back pain in pregnancy: a multinational study","volume":"27","author":"Gutke A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gutke A, Boissonnault J, Brook G, Stuge B. The severity and impact of pelvic girdle pain and low-back pain in pregnancy: a multinational study. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2018, 27:510-7. 10.1089\/jwh.2017.6342","journal-title":"J Womens Health (Larchmt)"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/140349480503300410","article-title":"Previous physical activity decreases the risk of low back pain and pelvic pain during pregnancy","volume":"33","author":"Mogren IM","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mogren IM. Previous physical activity decreases the risk of low back pain and pelvic pain during pregnancy. Scand J Public Health. 2005, 33:300-6. 10.1177\/140349480503300410","journal-title":"Scand J Public Health"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"Back pain during pregnancy and quality of life of pregnant women","volume":"7","author":"Ibanez G","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ibanez G, Khaled A, Renard JF, et al.. Back pain during pregnancy and quality of life of pregnant women. Prim Health Care. 2017, 7:1.","journal-title":"Prim Health Care"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09593980802664968","article-title":"Low back pain during pregnancy in Iranian women: prevalence and risk factors","volume":"26","author":"Ansari NN","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ansari NN, Hasson S, Naghdi S, Keyhani S, Jalaie S. Low back pain during pregnancy in Iranian women: prevalence and risk factors. Physiother Theory Pract. 2010, 26:40-8. 10.3109\/09593980802664968","journal-title":"Physiother Theory Pract"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/hsag.v26i0.1507","article-title":"Back pain in pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa","volume":"26","author":"Hawker C","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hawker C, O'Connor L, Reddy P, et al.. Back pain in pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Health SA. 2021, 26:1507. 10.4102\/hsag.v26i0.1507","journal-title":"Health SA"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2017.09.005","article-title":"Pregnancy-related low back pain in women in Turkey: prevalence and risk factors","volume":"61","author":"Sencan S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sencan S, Ozcan-Eksi EE, Cuce I, Guzel S, Erdem B. Pregnancy-related low back pain in women in Turkey: prevalence and risk factors. Ann Phys Rehabil Med. 2018, 61:33-7. 10.1016\/j.rehab.2017.09.005","journal-title":"Ann Phys Rehabil Med"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6909.2006.00066.x","article-title":"Water aerobics reduces sick leave due to low back pain during pregnancy","volume":"35","author":"Granath AB","year":"2006","unstructured":"Granath AB, Hellgren MS, Gunnarsson RK. Water aerobics reduces sick leave due to low back pain during pregnancy. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2006, 35:465-71. 10.1111\/j.1552-6909.2006.00066.x","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12525","article-title":"The efficacy of moderate-to-vigorous resistance exercise during pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"94","author":"Petrov Fieril K","year":"2015","unstructured":"Petrov Fieril K, Glantz A, Fagevik Olsen M. The efficacy of moderate-to-vigorous resistance exercise during pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2015, 94:35-42. 10.1111\/aogs.12525","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17455057251321019","article-title":"Meeting exercise guidelines during pregnancy associates with less lumbopelvic disability and fear avoidance","volume":"21","author":"McCarthy TA","year":"2025","unstructured":"McCarthy TA, Simonds AH, Velez S, Spaeth AM. Meeting exercise guidelines during pregnancy associates with less lumbopelvic disability and fear avoidance. Womens Health (Lond). 2025, 21:17455057251321019. 10.1177\/17455057251321019","journal-title":"Womens Health (Lond)"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.12742","article-title":"How do pregnant women manage lumbopelvic pain? Pain management and their perceived effectiveness","volume":"24","author":"Chang HY","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chang HY, Jensen MP, Lai YH. How do pregnant women manage lumbopelvic pain? Pain management and their perceived effectiveness. J Clin Nurs. 2015, 24:1338-46. 10.1111\/jocn.12742","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2003.11.003","article-title":"Women's behaviour, beliefs and information sources about physical exercise in pregnancy","volume":"20","author":"Clarke PE","year":"2004","unstructured":"Clarke PE, Gross H. Women's behaviour, beliefs and information sources about physical exercise in pregnancy. Midwifery. 2004, 20:133-41. 10.1016\/j.midw.2003.11.003","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2011.01.043","article-title":"Exercise during pregnancy improves maternal health perception: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"204","author":"Barakat R","year":"2011","unstructured":"Barakat R, Pelaez M, Montejo R, Luaces M, Zakynthinaki M. Exercise during pregnancy improves maternal health perception: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2011, 204:402.e1-7. 10.1016\/j.ajog.2011.01.043","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.15000","article-title":"Effects of the combination of exercise and education in the treatment of low back and\/or pelvic pain in pregnant women: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"164","author":"Diez-Buil H","year":"2024","unstructured":"Diez-Buil H, Hernandez-Lucas P, Leir\u00f3s-Rodr\u00edguez R, Echeverr\u00eda-Garc\u00eda O. Effects of the combination of exercise and education in the treatment of low back and\/or pelvic pain in pregnant women: systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2024, 164:811-22. 10.1002\/ijgo.15000","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2025.2476046","article-title":"Educating women to prevent and treat low back and pelvic girdle pain during and after pregnancy: a systematized narrative review","volume":"57","author":"Vesting S","year":"2025","unstructured":"Vesting S, Gutke A, de Baets L. Educating women to prevent and treat low back and pelvic girdle pain during and after pregnancy: a systematized narrative review. Ann Med. 2025, 57:2476046. 10.1080\/07853890.2025.2476046","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2013.03.010","article-title":"Yoga and social support reduce prenatal depression, anxiety and cortisol","volume":"17","author":"Field T","year":"2013","unstructured":"Field T, Diego M, Delgado J, Medina L. Yoga and social support reduce prenatal depression, anxiety and cortisol. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2013, 17:397-403. 10.1016\/j.jbmt.2013.03.010","journal-title":"J Bodyw Mov Ther"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OGX.0b013e3181950f1b","article-title":"Mobility of the pelvic joints in pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain: a systematic review","volume":"64","author":"Mens JM","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mens JM, Pool-Goudzwaard A, Stam HJ. Mobility of the pelvic joints in pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain: a systematic review. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2009, 64:200-8. 10.1097\/OGX.0b013e3181950f1b","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Surv"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s005860050206","article-title":"The active straight leg raising test and mobility of the pelvic joints","volume":"8","author":"Mens JM","year":"1999","unstructured":"Mens JM, Vleeming A, Snijders CJ, Stam HJ, Ginai AZ. The active straight leg raising test and mobility of the pelvic joints. Eur Spine J. 1999, 8:468-73. 10.1007\/s005860050206","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2023.103892","article-title":"Exploring health and illness perceptions to identify the perceived cause of pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain. A mixed-methods study among primiparous women in The Netherlands","volume":"129","author":"van Benten E","year":"2024","unstructured":"van Benten E, de Kruif A, Kiers H, Coppieters MW, Pool-Goudzwaard AL. Exploring health and illness perceptions to identify the perceived cause of pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain. A mixed-methods study among primiparous women in The Netherlands. Midwifery. 2024, 129:103892. 10.1016\/j.midw.2023.103892","journal-title":"Midwifery"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/506246-active-interventions-for-the-prevention-and-treatment-of-pregnancy-related-lumbopelvic-pain-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T09:10:31Z","timestamp":1786871431000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/506246-active-interventions-for-the-prevention-and-treatment-of-pregnancy-related-lumbopelvic-pain-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]]},"references-count":56,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.114589","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]]}}}