{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T05:19:26Z","timestamp":1787894366972,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.115328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T04:40:42Z","timestamp":1787892042000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pneumolacrimia: A Proposed Terminology and Classification System for Nasolacrimal Drainage System Aeration on Computed Tomography"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Abharna","family":"Arun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eileen B","family":"Kuriakose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lekhya","family":"Venkataraman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aathithiya P","family":"Balaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamal","family":"Raman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thirunavukarasu","family":"Palanisamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Nasolacrimal duct. (2025). Accessed. June 29, 2025: https:\/\/radiopaedia.org\/articles\/nasolacrimal-duct?lang=us."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-69-823-630","article-title":"Nasolacrimal duct opacity on CT","volume":"69","author":"Loftus WK","year":"1996","unstructured":"Loftus WK, Kew J, Metreweli C. Nasolacrimal duct opacity on CT. Br J Radiol. 1996, 69:630-1. 10.1259\/0007-1285-69-823-630","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24989","article-title":"Classification of sphenoid sinus pneumatization: relevance for endoscopic skull base surgery","volume":"125","author":"Vaezi A","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vaezi A, Cardenas E, Pinheiro-Neto C, et al.. Classification of sphenoid sinus pneumatization: relevance for endoscopic skull base surgery. Laryngoscope. 2015, 125:577-81. 10.1002\/lary.24989","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.129498.2","article-title":"Anatomical variations of the frontal sinus: a computed tomography-based study","volume":"12","author":"Al Hatmi AS","year":"2023","unstructured":"Al Hatmi AS, Al Ajmi E, Albalushi H, Al Lawati M, Sirasanagandla SR. Anatomical variations of the frontal sinus: a computed tomography-based study. F1000Res. 2023, 12:71. 10.12688\/f1000research.129498.2","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01627974","article-title":"CT-anatomy of the nasolacrimal sac and duct","volume":"19","author":"Groell R","year":"1997","unstructured":"Groell R, Schaffler GJ, Uggowitzer M, Szolar DH, Muellner K. CT-anatomy of the nasolacrimal sac and duct. Surg Radiol Anat. 1997, 19:189-91. 10.1007\/BF01627974","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"Retrograde Air Flow through the Lacrimal Drainage System with Valsalva Maneuver","volume":"6","author":"Malik S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Malik S, Ali MJ, Sundararajan M, Reddy HS. Retrograde Air Flow through the Lacrimal Drainage System with Valsalva Maneuver. J Otolaryngol Rhinol. 2020, 6:096.","journal-title":"J Otolaryngol Rhinol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jalh.jalh_40_22","article-title":"Air regurgitation through the nasolacrimal duct in a patient on bi-level positive airway pressure therapy","volume":"3","author":"Paul A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Paul A, Mathew S, Thomas B. Air regurgitation through the nasolacrimal duct in a patient on bi-level positive airway pressure therapy. Journal of Advanced Lung Health. 2023, 3:76-8. 10.4103\/jalh.jalh_40_22","journal-title":"Journal of Advanced Lung Health"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S80752","article-title":"Nasolacrimal system aeration on computed tomographic imaging: effects of patient positioning and scan orientation","volume":"9","author":"Czyz CN","year":"2015","unstructured":"Czyz CN, Bacon TS, Stacey AW, Cahill EN, Costin BR, Karanfilov BI, Cahill KV. Nasolacrimal system aeration on computed tomographic imaging: effects of patient positioning and scan orientation. Clin Ophthalmol. 2015, 9:469-73. 10.2147\/OPTH.S80752","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.145.6.1147","article-title":"CT of the inferomedial orbit and the lacrimal drainage apparatus: normal and pathologic anatomy","volume":"145","author":"Russell EJ","year":"1985","unstructured":"Russell EJ, Czervionke L, Huckman M, Daniels D, McLachlan D. CT of the inferomedial orbit and the lacrimal drainage apparatus: normal and pathologic anatomy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1985, 145:1147-54. 10.2214\/ajr.145.6.1147","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.19.21507","article-title":"A comprehensive review of cross-sectional imaging of the nasolacrimal drainage apparatus: what radiologists need to know","volume":"213","author":"Raslan OA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Raslan OA, Ozturk A, Pham N, Chang J, Strong EB, Bobinski M. A comprehensive review of cross-sectional imaging of the nasolacrimal drainage apparatus: what radiologists need to know. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2019, 213:1331-40. 10.2214\/AJR.19.21507","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000000392","article-title":"Nasolacrimal system aeration on computed tomographic imaging: sex and age variation","volume":"32","author":"Czyz CN","year":"2016","unstructured":"Czyz CN, Bacon TS, Stacey AW, Cahill EN, Costin BR, Karanfilov BI, Cahill KV. Nasolacrimal system aeration on computed tomographic imaging: sex and age variation. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016, 32:11-6. 10.1097\/IOP.0000000000000392","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-022-07552-y","article-title":"The incidence of concha bullosa: a retrospective radiologic study","volume":"280","author":"Kar M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kar M, Alt\u0131nta\u015f M. The incidence of concha bullosa: a retrospective radiologic study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2023, 280:731-5. 10.1007\/s00405-022-07552-y","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/517555-pneumolacrimia-a-proposed-terminology-and-classification-system-for-nasolacrimal-drainage-system-aeration-on-computed-tomography","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T04:40:44Z","timestamp":1787892044000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/517555-pneumolacrimia-a-proposed-terminology-and-classification-system-for-nasolacrimal-drainage-system-aeration-on-computed-tomography"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"references-count":12,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.115328","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]}}}