{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T13:19:54Z","timestamp":1788182394756,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.115501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T12:50:28Z","timestamp":1788180628000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fibrosis-Driven Cardiovascular Risk in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Emerging Links With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Nakul","family":"Mahajan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazdeep","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samar Pal S","family":"Sandhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vyoma","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hunardeep Kaur","family":"Boparai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanwarmandeep","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"FNU Rajinderpal","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.06.003","article-title":"A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature","volume":"79","author":"Rinella ME","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rinella ME, Lazarus JV, Ratziu V, et al.. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature. J Hepatol. 2023, 79:1542-56. 10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.06.003","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.09.038","article-title":"Global epidemiology and characteristics of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in type 1 diabetes mellitus: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Souza M","year":"2025","unstructured":"Souza M, Al-Sharif L, Khalil SM, Villela-Nogueira CA, Mantovani A. Global epidemiology and characteristics of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in type 1 diabetes mellitus: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2025, 23:1308-19.e17. 10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.09.038","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2024.155789","article-title":"Mortality in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a nationwide population-based cohort study","volume":"152","author":"Han E","year":"2024","unstructured":"Han E, Lee BW, Kang ES, Cha BS, Ahn SH, Lee YH, Kim SU. Mortality in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Metabolism. 2024, 152:155789. 10.1016\/j.metabol.2024.155789","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14218\/JCTH.2024.00189","article-title":"Advanced liver fibrosis predicts liver outcomes in biopsy-proven metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a U.S.-based single-center retrospective cohort study","volume":"12","author":"Lam R","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lam R, Jain D, Deng Y, Acharya E, Lim JK. Advanced liver fibrosis predicts liver outcomes in biopsy-proven metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a U.S.-based single-center retrospective cohort study. J Clin Transl Hepatol. 2024, 12:988-96. 10.14218\/JCTH.2024.00189","journal-title":"J Clin Transl Hepatol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116524","article-title":"Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with advanced fibrosis and stroke","volume":"407","author":"Parikh NS","year":"2019","unstructured":"Parikh NS, VanWagner LB, Elkind MS, Gutierrez J. Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with advanced fibrosis and stroke. J Neurol Sci. 2019, 407:116524. 10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116524","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.123.035371","article-title":"Association between noninvasive liver fibrosis scores and heart failure in a general population","volume":"13","author":"Liu X","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu X, Zhang HJ, Fang CC, et al.. Association between noninvasive liver fibrosis scores and heart failure in a general population. J Am Heart Assoc. 2024, 13:e035371. 10.1161\/JAHA.123.035371","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-025-02705-9","article-title":"Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) biomarkers and progression of lower limb arterial calcification in patients with type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study","volume":"24","author":"Denimal D","year":"2025","unstructured":"Denimal D, Ponnaiah M, Phan F, et al.. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) biomarkers and progression of lower limb arterial calcification in patients with type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2025, 24:176. 10.1186\/s12933-025-02705-9","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-020-01709-7","article-title":"NAFLD and cardiovascular diseases: a clinical review","volume":"110","author":"Kasper P","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kasper P, Martin A, Lang S, K\u00fctting F, Goeser T, Demir M, Steffen HM. NAFLD and cardiovascular diseases: a clinical review. Clin Res Cardiol. 2021, 110:921-37. 10.1007\/s00392-020-01709-7","journal-title":"Clin Res Cardiol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.70104","article-title":"Association of liver fibrosis scores with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with heart failure","volume":"17","author":"Guo Z","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guo Z, Ye Z, Xu Q, Li Y, Zheng J. Association of liver fibrosis scores with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with heart failure. Clin Transl Sci. 2024, 17:e70104. 10.1111\/cts.70104","journal-title":"Clin Transl Sci"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1499013","article-title":"Non-invasive testing in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","volume":"11","author":"Dawod S","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dawod S, Brown K. Non-invasive testing in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Front Med (Lausanne). 2024, 11:1499013. 10.3389\/fmed.2024.1499013","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page MJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al.. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021, 372:n71. 10.1136\/bmj.n71","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) &amp; NASH. (2021). Accessed. July 1, 2026: https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/nafld-nash."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2026.101415","article-title":"Risk-associated and clinically informative biomarkers for cardiovascular risk stratification in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","volume":"26","author":"Zhong J","year":"2026","unstructured":"Zhong J, Zhao Y, He H, Lan Y, Cai Z. Risk-associated and clinically informative biomarkers for cardiovascular risk stratification in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Am J Prev Cardiol. 2026, 26:101415. 10.1016\/j.ajpc.2026.101415","journal-title":"Am J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S532908","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome activation in liver disorders: from molecular pathways to therapeutic strategies","volume":"18","author":"Ma W","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ma W, Wang Y, Liu J. NLRP3 inflammasome activation in liver disorders: from molecular pathways to therapeutic strategies. J Inflamm Res. 2025, 18:8277-94. 10.2147\/JIR.S532908","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.04.005","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk: pathophysiological mechanisms and implications","volume":"65","author":"Francque SM","year":"2016","unstructured":"Francque SM, van der Graaff D, Kwanten WJ. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk: pathophysiological mechanisms and implications. J Hepatol. 2016, 65:425-43. 10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.04.005","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-025-01577-z","article-title":"Correlation between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in eastern China","volume":"17","author":"Ma G","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ma G, Xu G, Huang H. Correlation between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in eastern China. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2025, 17:16. 10.1186\/s13098-025-01577-z","journal-title":"Diabetol Metab Syndr"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02434-5","article-title":"Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and cardiovascular risk: a comprehensive review","volume":"23","author":"Zheng H","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zheng H, Sechi LA, Navarese EP, Casu G, Vidili G. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and cardiovascular risk: a comprehensive review. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2024, 23:346. 10.1186\/s12933-024-02434-5","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v16.i7.973","article-title":"Roles of transforming growth factor-\u03b2 signaling in liver disease","volume":"16","author":"Wang XL","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang XL, Yang M, Wang Y. Roles of transforming growth factor-\u03b2 signaling in liver disease. World J Hepatol. 2024, 16:973-9. 10.4254\/wjh.v16.i7.973","journal-title":"World J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-025-03151-9","article-title":"Stratified cardiovascular risk in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): impact of varying metabolic risk factor burden","volume":"30","author":"Elsabaawy M","year":"2025","unstructured":"Elsabaawy M, Torkey M, Magdy M, Naguib M. Stratified cardiovascular risk in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): impact of varying metabolic risk factor burden. Eur J Med Res. 2025, 30:847. 10.1186\/s40001-025-03151-9","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12986-025-00951-y","article-title":"Liver fibrosis increases the risk of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with MASLD: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study","volume":"22","author":"Zhang H","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang H, Lin F, Miao M, Yu C, Guo W. Liver fibrosis increases the risk of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with MASLD: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2025, 22:68. 10.1186\/s12986-025-00951-y","journal-title":"Nutr Metab (Lond)"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo15110687","article-title":"Metabolomic signatures of MASLD identified by the fatty liver index reveal gamma-glutamyl cycle disruption and lipid remodeling","volume":"15","author":"Naja K","year":"2025","unstructured":"Naja K, Anwardeen N, Elrayess MA. Metabolomic signatures of MASLD identified by the fatty liver index reveal gamma-glutamyl cycle disruption and lipid remodeling. Metabolites. 2025, 15:687. 10.3390\/metabo15110687","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-021-00501-9","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: the interplay between metabolism, microbes and immunity","volume":"3","author":"Tilg H","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tilg H, Adolph TE, Dudek M, Knolle P. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: the interplay between metabolism, microbes and immunity. Nat Metab. 2021, 3:1596-607. 10.1038\/s42255-021-00501-9","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16121800","article-title":"Distinct gut microbial signature and host genetic variants in association with liver fibrosis severity in patients with MASLD","volume":"16","author":"Satthawiwat N","year":"2024","unstructured":"Satthawiwat N, Jinato T, Sutheeworapong S, Tanpowpong N, Chuaypen N, Tangkijvanich P. Distinct gut microbial signature and host genetic variants in association with liver fibrosis severity in patients with MASLD. Nutrients. 2024, 16:1800. 10.3390\/nu16121800","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2016.07.007","article-title":"Microbiome, trimethylamine N-oxide, and cardiometabolic disease","volume":"179","author":"Tang WH","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tang WH, Hazen SL. Microbiome, trimethylamine N-oxide, and cardiometabolic disease. Transl Res. 2017, 179:108-15. 10.1016\/j.trsl.2016.07.007","journal-title":"Transl Res"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/eurasianjmed.2023.23070","article-title":"Trimethylamine N-oxide as a potential biomarker for cardiovascular disease: its association with dietary sources of trimethylamine N-oxide and microbiota","volume":"55","author":"Karaa\u011fa\u00e7 Y","year":"2023","unstructured":"Karaa\u011fa\u00e7 Y. Trimethylamine N-oxide as a potential biomarker for cardiovascular disease: its association with dietary sources of trimethylamine N-oxide and microbiota. Eurasian J Med. 2023, 55:S21-6. 10.5152\/eurasianjmed.2023.23070","journal-title":"Eurasian J Med"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2025.05.011","article-title":"Procoagulant imbalance is associated with hepatic and vascular complications in patients with MASLD and diabetes. Key role of factor VIII","volume":"57","author":"Lombardi R","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lombardi R, Forlano R, Maffi G, et al.. Procoagulant imbalance is associated with hepatic and vascular complications in patients with MASLD and diabetes. Key role of factor VIII. Dig Liver Dis. 2025, 57:1662-8. 10.1016\/j.dld.2025.05.011","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2025.109395","article-title":"Hemostatic alterations in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and their link to venous thromboembolism (VTE)","volume":"253","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Mendoza DE","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Mendoza DE, Fern\u00e1ndez-Nogueira F, Uribe M, Ch\u00e1vez-Tapia NC, Nu\u00f1o-L\u00e1mbarri N. Hemostatic alterations in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and their link to venous thromboembolism (VTE). Thromb Res. 2025, 253:109395. 10.1016\/j.thromres.2025.109395","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.001","article-title":"Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, liver fibrosis and risk of cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study","volume":"34","author":"Baek JW","year":"2024","unstructured":"Baek JW, Yang YS, Jung KJ, Kimm H, Kim SY, Lee S, Jee SH. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, liver fibrosis and risk of cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2024, 34:2623-9. 10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.09.001","journal-title":"Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.4373-24","article-title":"Predictors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","volume":"64","author":"Kawanaka M","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kawanaka M, Nishino K, Kawada M, et al.. Predictors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Intern Med. 2025, 64:1791-8. 10.2169\/internalmedicine.4373-24","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v18.i1.111534","article-title":"Noninvasive liver fibrosis assessment in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","volume":"18","author":"Ribeiro TC","year":"2026","unstructured":"Ribeiro TC, de Paula Boechat Soares V, Campos Fabri J, de Arag\u00e3o Ramos LE. Noninvasive liver fibrosis assessment in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. World J Hepatol. 2026, 18:111534. 10.4254\/wjh.v18.i1.111534","journal-title":"World J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gastha.2025.100666","article-title":"Association of index and changes in fibrosis-4 score with outcomes in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis","volume":"4","author":"Gbadamosi SO","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gbadamosi SO, Nagelhout E, Sienko D, Lamarre N, Noshad S, Ding Y, Hoovler A. Association of index and changes in fibrosis-4 score with outcomes in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis. Gastro Hep Adv. 2025, 4:100666. 10.1016\/j.gastha.2025.100666","journal-title":"Gastro Hep Adv"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4070\/kcj.2025.0212","article-title":"Cardiovascular implications in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): a state-of-the-art review","volume":"56","author":"Suresh MG","year":"2026","unstructured":"Suresh MG, Mohamed S, Geetha HS, et al.. Cardiovascular implications in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): a state-of-the-art review. Korean Circ J. 2026, 56:103-30. 10.4070\/kcj.2025.0212","journal-title":"Korean Circ J"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvab123","article-title":"Liver fibrosis indices for the prediction of mortality in Korean subjects: a 16-year prospective cohort study","volume":"5","author":"Oh TJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Oh TJ, Kim K, Moon JH, Choi SH, Cho NH, Jang HC. Liver fibrosis indices for the prediction of mortality in Korean subjects: a 16-year prospective cohort study. J Endocr Soc. 2021, 5:bvab123. 10.1210\/jendso\/bvab123","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgast-2026-002343","article-title":"Liver fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: epidemiology, risk stratification and therapeutics","volume":"13","author":"Li F","year":"2026","unstructured":"Li F, Li H, Juramt D, Kou K, Tacke F, Chen L. Liver fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: epidemiology, risk stratification and therapeutics. BMJ Open Gastroenterol. 2026, 13:002343. 10.1136\/bmjgast-2026-002343","journal-title":"BMJ Open Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v17.i7.106675","article-title":"Liver stiffness measurements in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: updates on the method effectiveness and perspectives","volume":"17","author":"Sukocheva O","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sukocheva O, Ow TW, Harding D, Le Mire M, Tse E. Liver stiffness measurements in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: updates on the method effectiveness and perspectives. World J Hepatol. 2025, 17:106675. 10.4254\/wjh.v17.i7.106675","journal-title":"World J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(24)00310-8","article-title":"Interdisciplinary perspectives on the co-management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and coronary artery disease","volume":"10","author":"Gries JJ","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gries JJ, Lazarus JV, Brennan PN, et al.. Interdisciplinary perspectives on the co-management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and coronary artery disease. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2025, 10:82-94. 10.1016\/S2468-1253(24)00310-8","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-30518-z","article-title":"Liver fibrosis index and mortality in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a Korean cohort study","volume":"16","author":"Lee Y","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lee Y, Lee W. Liver fibrosis index and mortality in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a Korean cohort study. Sci Rep. 2025, 16:950. 10.1038\/s41598-025-30518-z","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-31289-3","article-title":"Time-updated FIB-4 index predicts coronary artery calcification progression in individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","volume":"16","author":"Lee Y","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lee Y, Lee W. Time-updated FIB-4 index predicts coronary artery calcification progression in individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Sci Rep. 2025, 16:1459. 10.1038\/s41598-025-31289-3","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14153163","article-title":"Association between coronary artery plaque progression and liver fibrosis biomarkers in population with low calcium scores","volume":"14","author":"Tsai TY","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tsai TY, Hsu PF, Wu CH, et al.. Association between coronary artery plaque progression and liver fibrosis biomarkers in population with low calcium scores. Nutrients. 2022, 14:3163. 10.3390\/nu14153163","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-75266-4","article-title":"Association between noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis and coronary artery calcification progression in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"10","author":"Lee J","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee J, Kim HS, Cho YK, et al.. Association between noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis and coronary artery calcification progression in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Sci Rep. 2020, 10:18323. 10.1038\/s41598-020-75266-4","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13102431","article-title":"Fibrosis severity in MASLD determines the predictive value of Lp-PLA2 for carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study","volume":"13","author":"Ye J","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ye J, Song R, Gong X, Li X, Shao C, Zhong B. Fibrosis severity in MASLD determines the predictive value of Lp-PLA2 for carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study. Biomedicines. 2025, 13:2431. 10.3390\/biomedicines13102431","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.17869","article-title":"Systematic review with meta-analysis: steatosis severity and subclinical atherosclerosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","volume":"59","author":"Jamalinia M","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jamalinia M, Zare F, Noorizadeh K, Bagheri Lankarani K. Systematic review with meta-analysis: steatosis severity and subclinical atherosclerosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2024, 59:445-58. 10.1111\/apt.17869","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-10380-9","article-title":"Association of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and steatosis-associated fibrosis estimator with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis: observation cohort study","volume":"15","author":"Jeong J","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jeong J, Han S, Park GM, et al.. Association of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and steatosis-associated fibrosis estimator with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis: observation cohort study. Sci Rep. 2025, 15:24953. 10.1038\/s41598-025-10380-9","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31083\/RCM39534","article-title":"Epicardial adipose tissue and liver fibrosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease","volume":"26","author":"Cernea S","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cernea S, Roiban AL, Oni\u0219or D, Rat N. Epicardial adipose tissue and liver fibrosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease. Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2025, 26:39534. 10.31083\/RCM39534","journal-title":"Rev Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000003274","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk from metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, cardiometabolic risk factor count, and their longitudinal changes: a nationwide cohort study","volume":"120","author":"Lee HH","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lee HH, Lee HA, Kim EJ, et al.. Cardiovascular risk from metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, cardiometabolic risk factor count, and their longitudinal changes: a nationwide cohort study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2025, 120:2321-9. 10.14309\/ajg.0000000000003274","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/01.ajg.0001138584.24959.9a","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease risk in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a multicenter propensity-matched longitudinal analysis","volume":"120","author":"Salem A","year":"2025","unstructured":"Salem A, Meribout S, Abosheaishaa H, et al.. Cardiovascular disease risk in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a multicenter propensity-matched longitudinal analysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2025, 120:S597. 10.14309\/01.ajg.0001138584.24959.9a","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4330\/wjc.v18.i1.111954","article-title":"Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a state-of-the-art review","volume":"18","author":"Brar AS","year":"2026","unstructured":"Brar AS, Khanna T, Sohal A, et al.. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a state-of-the-art review. World J Cardiol. 2026, 18:111954. 10.4330\/wjc.v18.i1.111954","journal-title":"World J Cardiol"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-50883-7","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging-derived extracellular volume fraction mapping in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease reveals subclinical cardiac remodelling","volume":"16","author":"Nabilou P","year":"2026","unstructured":"Nabilou P, Wiese S, Hetland LE, et al.. Magnetic resonance imaging-derived extracellular volume fraction mapping in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease reveals subclinical cardiac remodelling. Sci Rep. 2026, 16:10.1038\/s41598-026-50883-7","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-54465-5","article-title":"Liver fibrosis burden and risk of incident arrhythmia in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","volume":"16","author":"Yang K","year":"2026","unstructured":"Yang K, Kim SH, Lee J, et al.. Liver fibrosis burden and risk of incident arrhythmia in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Sci Rep. 2026, 16:23268. 10.1038\/s41598-026-54465-5","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2025.101003","article-title":"Association between arterial stiffness and MASLD in US young adults: base on NHANES 2005-2018","volume":"22","author":"Li QZ","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li QZ, Tan JX, Qin QZ, Ruan GT, Deng T, Gong YZ. Association between arterial stiffness and MASLD in US young adults: base on NHANES 2005-2018. Am J Prev Cardiol. 2025, 22:101003. 10.1016\/j.ajpc.2025.101003","journal-title":"Am J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-025-02516-7","article-title":"Association between FIB-4 index and lower extremity arterial disease in MASLD patients: a cross-sectional study","volume":"24","author":"Zhang C","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang C, Ying Y, Ru Y, et al.. Association between FIB-4 index and lower extremity arterial disease in MASLD patients: a cross-sectional study. Lipids Health Dis. 2025, 24:103. 10.1186\/s12944-025-02516-7","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.10.019","article-title":"Association between systemic inflammation markers and cardiovascular mortality in adults with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","volume":"35","author":"Zhang Z","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang Z, Zhang W, Liu Z, Ou J, Sun Y, Zhang L, Ji G. Association between systemic inflammation markers and cardiovascular mortality in adults with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2025, 35:103781. 10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.10.019","journal-title":"Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2025-0148","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory properties of GLP-1 receptor agonists and other ancillary benefits from a pharmacological perspective","volume":"103","author":"Ros-Madrid I","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ros-Madrid I, Cano-M\u00e1rmol R, Ferrer-Gomez M, Ramos-Molina B. Anti-inflammatory properties of GLP-1 receptor agonists and other ancillary benefits from a pharmacological perspective. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2025, 103:369-77. 10.1139\/cjpp-2025-0148","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2028395","article-title":"A placebo-controlled trial of subcutaneous semaglutide in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"384","author":"Newsome PN","year":"2021","unstructured":"Newsome PN, Buchholtz K, Cusi K, et al.. A placebo-controlled trial of subcutaneous semaglutide in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. N Engl J Med. 2021, 384:1113-24. 10.1056\/NEJMoa2028395","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2413258","article-title":"Phase 3 trial of semaglutide in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis","volume":"392","author":"Sanyal AJ","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sanyal AJ, Newsome PN, Kliers I, et al.. Phase 3 trial of semaglutide in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis. N Engl J Med. 2025, 392:2089-99. 10.1056\/NEJMoa2413258","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2401943","article-title":"Tirzepatide for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis with liver fibrosis","volume":"391","author":"Loomba R","year":"2024","unstructured":"Loomba R, Hartman ML, Lawitz EJ, et al.. Tirzepatide for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis with liver fibrosis. N Engl J Med. 2024, 391:299-310. 10.1056\/NEJMoa2401943","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(21)00203-5","article-title":"Cardiovascular, mortality, and kidney outcomes with GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials","volume":"9","author":"Sattar N","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sattar N, Lee MM, Kristensen SL, et al.. Cardiovascular, mortality, and kidney outcomes with GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2021, 9:653-62. 10.1016\/S2213-8587(21)00203-5","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-0165","article-title":"Effect of empagliflozin on liver fat in patients with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial (E-LIFT Trial)","volume":"41","author":"Kuchay MS","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kuchay MS, Krishan S, Mishra SK, et al.. Effect of empagliflozin on liver fat in patients with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial (E-LIFT Trial). Diabetes Care. 2018, 41:1801-8. 10.2337\/dc18-0165","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-025-02098-6","article-title":"Effect of empagliflozin on liver fibrosis and steatosis in patients with type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"25","author":"Erfanifar A","year":"2025","unstructured":"Erfanifar A, Nikpour S, Davoudi Z, Jolfaei P, Toreyhi H, Mostafavi Nasab SN. Effect of empagliflozin on liver fibrosis and steatosis in patients with type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Endocr Disord. 2025, 25:277. 10.1186\/s12902-025-02098-6","journal-title":"BMC Endocr Disord"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-018-4675-2","article-title":"Effects of dapagliflozin and n-3 carboxylic acids on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in people with type 2 diabetes: a double-blind randomised placebo-controlled study","volume":"61","author":"Eriksson JW","year":"2018","unstructured":"Eriksson JW, Lundkvist P, Jansson PA, et al.. Effects of dapagliflozin and n-3 carboxylic acids on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in people with type 2 diabetes: a double-blind randomised placebo-controlled study. Diabetologia. 2018, 61:1923-34. 10.1007\/s00125-018-4675-2","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.4511","article-title":"Association of SGLT2 inhibitors with cardiovascular and kidney outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"McGuire DK","year":"2021","unstructured":"McGuire DK, Shih WJ, Cosentino F, et al.. Association of SGLT2 inhibitors with cardiovascular and kidney outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis. JAMA Cardiol. 2021, 6:148-58. 10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.4511","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2309000","article-title":"A phase 3, randomized, controlled trial of resmetirom in NASH with liver fibrosis","volume":"390","author":"Harrison SA","year":"2024","unstructured":"Harrison SA, Bedossa P, Guy CD, et al.. A phase 3, randomized, controlled trial of resmetirom in NASH with liver fibrosis. N Engl J Med. 2024, 390:497-509. 10.1056\/NEJMoa2309000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/hbsn-24-568","article-title":"Resmetirom for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis: targeting hepatic and cardiovascular disease","volume":"13","author":"Lurje I","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lurje I, Tacke F. Resmetirom for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis: targeting hepatic and cardiovascular disease. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr. 2024, 13:1034-7. 10.21037\/hbsn-24-568","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2036205","article-title":"A randomized, controlled trial of the pan-PPAR agonist lanifibranor in NASH","volume":"385","author":"Francque SM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Francque SM, Bedossa P, Ratziu V, et al.. A randomized, controlled trial of the pan-PPAR agonist lanifibranor in NASH. N Engl J Med. 2021, 385:1547-58. 10.1056\/NEJMoa2036205","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2401755","article-title":"A phase 2 randomized trial of survodutide in MASH and fibrosis","volume":"391","author":"Sanyal AJ","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sanyal AJ, Bedossa P, Fraessdorf M, et al.. A phase 2 randomized trial of survodutide in MASH and fibrosis. N Engl J Med. 2024, 391:311-9. 10.1056\/NEJMoa2401755","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101483","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of 24 weeks of pemvidutide in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a randomized, controlled clinical trial","volume":"7","author":"Browne SK","year":"2025","unstructured":"Browne SK, Suschak JJ, Tomah S, et al.. Safety and efficacy of 24 weeks of pemvidutide in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a randomized, controlled clinical trial. JHEP Rep. 2025, 7:101483. 10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101483","journal-title":"JHEP Rep"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2301972","article-title":"Triple-hormone-receptor agonist retatrutide for obesity - a phase 2 trial","volume":"389","author":"Jastreboff AM","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jastreboff AM, Kaplan LM, Fr\u00edas JP, et al.. Triple-hormone-receptor agonist retatrutide for obesity - a phase 2 trial. N Engl J Med. 2023, 389:514-26. 10.1056\/NEJMoa2301972","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.04.005","article-title":"Weight loss through lifestyle modification significantly reduces features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"149","author":"Vilar-Gomez E","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vilar-Gomez E, Martinez-Perez Y, Calzadilla-Bertot L, et al.. Weight loss through lifestyle modification significantly reduces features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Gastroenterology. 2015, 149:367-78.e5. 10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.04.005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.02.023","article-title":"Exercise and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"57","author":"Keating SE","year":"2012","unstructured":"Keating SE, Hackett DA, George J, Johnson NA. Exercise and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hepatol. 2012, 57:157-66. 10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.02.023","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1800389","article-title":"Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts","volume":"378","author":"Estruch R","year":"2018","unstructured":"Estruch R, Ros E, Salas-Salvad\u00f3 J, et al.. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts. N Engl J Med. 2018, 378:e34. 10.1056\/NEJMoa1800389","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.030501","article-title":"Effect of distinct lifestyle interventions on mobilization of fat storage pools: CENTRAL magnetic resonance imaging randomized controlled trial","volume":"137","author":"Gepner Y","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gepner Y, Shelef I, Schwarzfuchs D, et al.. Effect of distinct lifestyle interventions on mobilization of fat storage pools: CENTRAL magnetic resonance imaging randomized controlled trial. Circulation. 2018, 137:1143-57. 10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.030501","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2011.242073","article-title":"Resistance exercise reduces liver fat and its mediators in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease independent of weight loss","volume":"60","author":"Hallsworth K","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hallsworth K, Fattakhova G, Hollingsworth KG, et al.. Resistance exercise reduces liver fat and its mediators in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease independent of weight loss. Gut. 2011, 60:1278-83. 10.1136\/gut.2011.242073","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab484","article-title":"2021 ESC guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice","volume":"42","author":"Visseren FL","year":"2021","unstructured":"Visseren FL, Mach F, Smulders YM, et al.. 2021 ESC guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice. Eur Heart J. 2021, 42:3227-337. 10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab484","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2025-005135","article-title":"Metabolic factors moderate the association between hepatic fibrosis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes","volume":"13","author":"Lu L","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lu L, Gao C, Wu N, He S, Liu Y, Zhang N, Zhou J. Metabolic factors moderate the association between hepatic fibrosis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2025, 13:e005135. 10.1136\/bmjdrc-2025-005135","journal-title":"BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2024.101153","article-title":"Clinical utility of the fibrosis-4 index for predicting mortality in patients with heart failure with or without metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a prospective cohort study","volume":"48","author":"Boeckmans J","year":"2025","unstructured":"Boeckmans J, Prochaska JH, Gieswinkel A, B\u00f6hm M, Wild PS, Schattenberg JM. Clinical utility of the fibrosis-4 index for predicting mortality in patients with heart failure with or without metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Reg Health Eur. 2025, 48:101153. 10.1016\/j.lanepe.2024.101153","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Eur"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/livers4040049","article-title":"Liver stiffness, not steatosis, predicts mortality in MASLD patients: an NHANES analysis","volume":"4","author":"Huang Y","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huang Y, Wang Y, Yan Y, Antwi SO, Badurdeen DS, Yang L. Liver stiffness, not steatosis, predicts mortality in MASLD patients: an NHANES analysis. Livers. 2024, 4:711-9. 10.3390\/livers4040049","journal-title":"Livers"},{"key":"ref77","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk in metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease","volume":"4","author":"Crespo J","year":"2026","unstructured":"Crespo J, Argos P, Jim\u00e9nez C, Alonso M, de Vega T, Iruzubieta P. Cardiovascular risk in metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease. Cl\u00edn. Gastroenterol. M\u00e9x. (Eng).. 2026, 4:337-59.","journal-title":"Cl\u00edn. Gastroenterol. M\u00e9x. (Eng)."},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.257","article-title":"Genetic variation in PNPLA3 confers susceptibility to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"40","author":"Romeo S","year":"2008","unstructured":"Romeo S, Kozlitina J, Xing C, et al.. Genetic variation in PNPLA3 confers susceptibility to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nat Genet. 2008, 40:1461-5. 10.1038\/ng.257","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27490","article-title":"Transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 gene variant disentangles nonalcoholic steatohepatitis from cardiovascular disease","volume":"61","author":"Dongiovanni P","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dongiovanni P, Petta S, Maglio C, et al.. Transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 gene variant disentangles nonalcoholic steatohepatitis from cardiovascular disease. Hepatology. 2015, 61:506-14. 10.1002\/hep.27490","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2024.05.015","article-title":"Metabolic signatures of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in severely obese patients","volume":"56","author":"Babu AF","year":"2024","unstructured":"Babu AF, Palomurto S, K\u00e4rj\u00e4 V, et al.. Metabolic signatures of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in severely obese patients. Dig Liver Dis. 2024, 56:2103-10. 10.1016\/j.dld.2024.05.015","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5041\/RMMJ.10558","article-title":"A narrative review of multimodal data fusion strategies for precision risk prediction in coronary artery disease: advances, challenges, and future informatics directions","volume":"16","author":"Zhou Z","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhou Z, Wang J. A narrative review of multimodal data fusion strategies for precision risk prediction in coronary artery disease: advances, challenges, and future informatics directions. Rambam Maimonides Med J. 2025, 16:e0023. 10.5041\/RMMJ.10558","journal-title":"Rambam Maimonides Med J"},{"key":"ref82","article-title":"Comparative study of artificial intelligence-driven diagnostic models and traditional risk scores in predicting cardiovascular events","volume":"15","author":"Agarbattiwala MM","year":"2025","unstructured":"Agarbattiwala MM, Iqbalbhai SA, Patel P. Comparative study of artificial intelligence-driven diagnostic models and traditional risk scores in predicting cardiovascular events. Eur J Cardiovasc Med. 2025, 15:323-6.","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14478","article-title":"What's in a name? Renaming 'NAFLD' to 'MAFLD'","volume":"40","author":"Fouad Y","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fouad Y, Waked I, Bollipo S, Gomaa A, Ajlouni Y, Attia D. What's in a name? Renaming 'NAFLD' to 'MAFLD'. Liver Int. 2020, 40:1254-61. 10.1111\/liv.14478","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.10.025","article-title":"The global NAFLD policy review and preparedness index: are countries ready to address this silent public health challenge?","volume":"76","author":"Lazarus JV","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lazarus JV, Mark HE, Villota-Rivas M, et al.. The global NAFLD policy review and preparedness index: are countries ready to address this silent public health challenge?. J Hepatol. 2022, 76:771-80. 10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.10.025","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/flgastro-2018-101155","article-title":"A multidisciplinary approach to the management of NAFLD is associated with improvement in markers of liver and cardio-metabolic health","volume":"10","author":"Moolla A","year":"2019","unstructured":"Moolla A, Motohashi K, Marjot T, et al.. A multidisciplinary approach to the management of NAFLD is associated with improvement in markers of liver and cardio-metabolic health. Frontline Gastroenterol. 2019, 10:337-46. 10.1136\/flgastro-2018-101155","journal-title":"Frontline Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-010617-052545","article-title":"Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatic fibrosis: emerging therapies","volume":"58","author":"Wattacheril J","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wattacheril J, Issa D, Sanyal A. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatic fibrosis: emerging therapies. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2018, 58:649-62. 10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-010617-052545","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.01.013","article-title":"NAFLD as a driver of chronic kidney disease","volume":"72","author":"Byrne CD","year":"2020","unstructured":"Byrne CD, Targher G. NAFLD as a driver of chronic kidney disease. J Hepatol. 2020, 72:785-801. 10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.01.013","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)33041-7","article-title":"Obeticholic acid for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: interim analysis from a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial","volume":"394","author":"Younossi ZM","year":"2019","unstructured":"Younossi ZM, Ratziu V, Loomba R, et al.. Obeticholic acid for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: interim analysis from a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2019, 394:2184-96. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)33041-7","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-026-01621-w","article-title":"Pharmacologic treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in the context of type 2 diabetes","volume":"26","author":"Malandris K","year":"2026","unstructured":"Malandris K, Charalampidis K, Loomba R, Sinakos E. Pharmacologic treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in the context of type 2 diabetes. Curr Diab Rep. 2026, 26:6. 10.1007\/s11892-026-01621-w","journal-title":"Curr Diab Rep"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/518996-fibrosis-driven-cardiovascular-risk-in-metabolic-dysfunction-associated-steatotic-liver-disease-emerging-links-with-atherosclerotic-cardiovascular-disease","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T12:50:30Z","timestamp":1788180630000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/518996-fibrosis-driven-cardiovascular-risk-in-metabolic-dysfunction-associated-steatotic-liver-disease-emerging-links-with-atherosclerotic-cardiovascular-disease"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"references-count":89,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.115501","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]}}}