{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T16:15:03Z","timestamp":1788365703752,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.115659","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T15:19:16Z","timestamp":1788362356000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Postpartum Depression Following a Substance-Exposed Pregnancy: The Role of Age, Race\/Ethnicity, and Mental Health History"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Natalie","family":"Aguilar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miranda C","family":"Manzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Fakhoury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Surma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jmwh.13067","article-title":"Risk factors for postpartum depression: an umbrella review","volume":"65","author":"Hutchens BF","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hutchens BF, Kearney J. Risk factors for postpartum depression: an umbrella review. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2020, 65:96-108. 10.1111\/jmwh.13067","journal-title":"J Midwifery Womens Health"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.30898","article-title":"Risk factors of postpartum depression","volume":"14","author":"Agrawal I","year":"2022","unstructured":"Agrawal I, Mehendale AM, Malhotra R. Risk factors of postpartum depression. Cureus. 2022, 14:e30898. 10.7759\/cureus.30898","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2021.108437","article-title":"Substance use among women who are pregnant: examining treatment completion by race and ethnicity","volume":"131","author":"Suntai Z","year":"2021","unstructured":"Suntai Z. Substance use among women who are pregnant: examining treatment completion by race and ethnicity. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2021, 131:108437. 10.1016\/j.jsat.2021.108437","journal-title":"J Subst Abuse Treat"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1264998","article-title":"Substance use during pregnancy and risk of postpartum depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Pacho M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pacho M, Aymerich C, Pedruzo B, et al.. Substance use during pregnancy and risk of postpartum depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Psychiatry. 2023, 14:1264998. 10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1264998","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-023-01389-y","article-title":"Incidence of postpartum depression in low-income cannabis users with and without a history of depression","volume":"27","author":"Lendel A","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lendel A, Richards R, Benedict J, Lynch C, Schaffir J. Incidence of postpartum depression in low-income cannabis users with and without a history of depression. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2024, 27:145-51. 10.1007\/s00737-023-01389-y","journal-title":"Arch Womens Ment Health"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.51597","article-title":"Cannabis use and trajectories of depression and stress across the prenatal period","volume":"7","author":"Constantino-Pettit A","year":"2024","unstructured":"Constantino-Pettit A, Tillman R, Wilson J, et al.. Cannabis use and trajectories of depression and stress across the prenatal period. JAMA Netw Open. 2024, 7:e2451597. 10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.51597","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22597","article-title":"The risk factors for postpartum depression: a population-based study","volume":"34","author":"Silverman ME","year":"2017","unstructured":"Silverman ME, Reichenberg A, Savitz DA, et al.. The risk factors for postpartum depression: a population-based study. Depress Anxiety. 2017, 34:178-87. 10.1002\/da.22597","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6606a1","article-title":"Trends in postpartum depressive symptoms \u2014 27 States, 2004, 2008, and 2012","volume":"66","author":"Ko JY","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ko JY, Rockhill KM, Tong VT, Morrow B, Farr SL. Trends in postpartum depressive symptoms \u2014 27 States, 2004, 2008, and 2012. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2017, 66:153-8. 10.15585\/mmwr.mm6606a1","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000164050.34126.37","article-title":"Racial and ethnic differences in factors associated with early postpartum depressive symptoms","volume":"105","author":"Howell EA","year":"2005","unstructured":"Howell EA, Mora PA, Horowitz CR, Leventhal H. Racial and ethnic differences in factors associated with early postpartum depressive symptoms. Obstet Gynecol. 2005, 105:1442-50. 10.1097\/01.AOG.0000164050.34126.37","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2009.11.003","article-title":"How much does low socioeconomic status increase the risk of prenatal and postpartum depressive symptoms in first-time mothers?","volume":"20","author":"Goyal D","year":"2010","unstructured":"Goyal D, Gay C, Lee KA. How much does low socioeconomic status increase the risk of prenatal and postpartum depressive symptoms in first-time mothers?. Womens Health Issues. 2010, 20:96-104. 10.1016\/j.whi.2009.11.003","journal-title":"Womens Health Issues"},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. (2025). Accessed. September 1, 2026: https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/edinburgh-postnatal-depression-scale."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.42398","article-title":"Neighborhood disadvantage, race and ethnicity, and postpartum depression","volume":"6","author":"Onyewuenyi TL","year":"2023","unstructured":"Onyewuenyi TL, Peterman K, Zaritsky E, et al.. Neighborhood disadvantage, race and ethnicity, and postpartum depression. JAMA Netw Open. 2023, 6:e2342398. 10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.42398","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2023.01434","article-title":"Racial and ethnic inequities in postpartum depressive symptoms, diagnosis, and care in 7 US jurisdictions: Study examines racial and ethnic inequities","volume":"43","author":"Haight SC","year":"2024","unstructured":"Haight SC, Daw JR, Martin CL, Sheffield-Abdullah K, Verbiest S, Pence BW, Maselko J. Racial and ethnic inequities in postpartum depressive symptoms, diagnosis, and care in 7 US jurisdictions: Study examines racial and ethnic inequities. Health Aff (Millwood). 2024, 43:486-95. 10.1377\/hlthaff.2023.01434","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2018.08.007","article-title":"Diagnosis of postpartum depression and timing and types of treatment received differ for women with private and Medicaid coverage","volume":"28","author":"Sherman LJ","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sherman LJ, Ali MM. Diagnosis of postpartum depression and timing and types of treatment received differ for women with private and Medicaid coverage. Womens Health Issues. 2018, 28:524-9. 10.1016\/j.whi.2018.08.007","journal-title":"Womens Health Issues"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2018.03.008","article-title":"Exploring the link between maternity leave and postpartum depression","volume":"28","author":"Kornfeind KR","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kornfeind KR, Sipsma HL. Exploring the link between maternity leave and postpartum depression. Womens Health Issues. 2018, 28:321-6. 10.1016\/j.whi.2018.03.008","journal-title":"Womens Health Issues"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.3058","article-title":"Comparison of postpartum health care use and spending among individuals with Medicaid-paid births enrolled in continuous Medicaid vs commercial insurance","volume":"5","author":"Gordon SH","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gordon SH, Hoagland A, Admon LK, Daw JR. Comparison of postpartum health care use and spending among individuals with Medicaid-paid births enrolled in continuous Medicaid vs commercial insurance. JAMA Netw Open. 2022, 5:e223058. 10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.3058","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2014.0907","article-title":"Primary care providers ordered fewer preventive services for women with Medicaid than for women with private coverage","volume":"34","author":"McMorrow S","year":"2015","unstructured":"McMorrow S, Long SK, Fogel A. Primary care providers ordered fewer preventive services for women with Medicaid than for women with private coverage. Health Aff (Millwood). 2015, 34:1001-9. 10.1377\/hlthaff.2014.0907","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.25095","article-title":"Association of insurance status with provision of recommended services during comprehensive postpartum visits","volume":"3","author":"Geissler K","year":"2020","unstructured":"Geissler K, Ranchoff BL, Cooper MI, Attanasio LB. Association of insurance status with provision of recommended services during comprehensive postpartum visits. JAMA Netw Open. 2020, 3:e2025095. 10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.25095","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.9401","article-title":"Comparison of estimated incentives for preventing postpartum depression in value-based payment models using the net present value of care vs total cost of care","volume":"5","author":"Counts NZ","year":"2022","unstructured":"Counts NZ, Kuklinski MR, Wong V, Feinberg ME, Creedon TB. Comparison of estimated incentives for preventing postpartum depression in value-based payment models using the net present value of care vs total cost of care. JAMA Netw Open. 2022, 5:e229401. 10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.9401","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.27926","article-title":"The use of cannabis and its effects on postpartum depression","volume":"14","author":"Ayisire OE","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ayisire OE, Okobi OE, Adaralegbe NJ, et al.. The use of cannabis and its effects on postpartum depression. Cureus. 2022, 14:e27926. 10.7759\/cureus.27926","journal-title":"Cureus"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/482343-postpartum-depression-following-a-substance-exposed-pregnancy-the-role-of-age-raceethnicity-and-mental-health-history","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T15:19:17Z","timestamp":1788362357000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/482343-postpartum-depression-following-a-substance-exposed-pregnancy-the-role-of-age-raceethnicity-and-mental-health-history"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"references-count":20,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.115659","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]}}}