{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T12:03:40Z","timestamp":1789646620328,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.116415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T11:32:58Z","timestamp":1789644778000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Occupational Pesticide Exposure and Risk of Non-melanoma Skin Cancer Among U.S. Adults: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Daad G","family":"Alrowaili","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uchechi A","family":"Nwaneri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tariro  T","family":"Nyamandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kofi","family":"Effa-Ababio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Waseem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29416","article-title":"Use of acetochlor and cancer incidence in the Agricultural Health Study","volume":"137","author":"Lerro CC","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lerro CC, Koutros S, Andreotti G, et al.. Use of acetochlor and cancer incidence in the Agricultural Health Study. Int J Cancer. 2015, 137:1167-75. 10.1002\/ijc.29416","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2014-102728","article-title":"Incidence of solid tumours among pesticide applicators exposed to the organophosphate insecticide diazinon in the Agricultural Health Study: an updated analysis","volume":"72","author":"Jones RR","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jones RR, Barone-Adesi F, Koutros S, et al.. Incidence of solid tumours among pesticide applicators exposed to the organophosphate insecticide diazinon in the Agricultural Health Study: an updated analysis. Occup Environ Med. 2015, 72:496-503. 10.1136\/oemed-2014-102728","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29621","article-title":"Cancer incidence and metolachlor use in the Agricultural Health Study: An update","volume":"137","author":"Silver SR","year":"2015","unstructured":"Silver SR, Bertke SJ, Hines CJ, et al.. Cancer incidence and metolachlor use in the Agricultural Health Study: An update. Int J Cancer. 2015, 137:2630-43. 10.1002\/ijc.29621","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-016-0730-9","article-title":"Impact of residential UV exposure in childhood versus adulthood on skin cancer risk in Caucasian, postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative","volume":"27","author":"Ransohoff KJ","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ransohoff KJ, Ally MS, Stefanick ML, et al.. Impact of residential UV exposure in childhood versus adulthood on skin cancer risk in Caucasian, postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative. Cancer Causes Control. 2016, 27:817-23. 10.1007\/s10552-016-0730-9","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.06.020","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and locally advanced BCC (LABCC) in a large commercially insured population in the United States: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"75","author":"Goldenberg G","year":"2016","unstructured":"Goldenberg G, Karagiannis T, Palmer JB, et al.. Incidence and prevalence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and locally advanced BCC (LABCC) in a large commercially insured population in the United States: a retrospective cohort study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016, 75:957-966.e2. 10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.06.020","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2015.11.002","article-title":"Distinct histologic subtypes and risk factors for early onset basal cell carcinoma: a population-based case control study from New Hampshire","volume":"136","author":"Barton DT","year":"2016","unstructured":"Barton DT, Zens MS, Nelson HH, Christensen BC, Storm CA, Perry AE, Karagas MR. Distinct histologic subtypes and risk factors for early onset basal cell carcinoma: a population-based case control study from New Hampshire. J Invest Dermatol. 2016, 136:533-5. 10.1016\/j.jid.2015.11.002","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP456","article-title":"Occupational exposure to pesticides and the incidence of lung cancer in the agricultural health study","volume":"125","author":"Bonner MR","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bonner MR, Freeman LE, Hoppin JA, et al.. Occupational exposure to pesticides and the incidence of lung cancer in the agricultural health study. Environ Health Perspect. 2017, 125:544-51. 10.1289\/EHP456","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2017.02.015","article-title":"Incidence and trends of basal cell carcinoma and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a population-based study in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 2000 to 2010","volume":"92","author":"Muzic JG","year":"2017","unstructured":"Muzic JG, Schmitt AR, Wright AC, et al.. Incidence and trends of basal cell carcinoma and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a population-based study in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 2000 to 2010. Mayo Clin Proc. 2017, 92:890-8. 10.1016\/j.mayocp.2017.02.015","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djx233","article-title":"Glyphosate use and cancer incidence in the agricultural health study","volume":"110","author":"Andreotti G","year":"2018","unstructured":"Andreotti G, Koutros S, Hofmann JN, et al.. Glyphosate use and cancer incidence in the agricultural health study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2018, 110:509-16. 10.1093\/jnci\/djx233","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000001541","article-title":"Risk factors for basal cell carcinoma in men younger than 40 years: a case-control study","volume":"44","author":"Nemer KM","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nemer KM, Bauman TM, Boyd AS. Risk factors for basal cell carcinoma in men younger than 40 years: a case-control study. Dermatol Surg. 2018, 44:1373-8. 10.1097\/DSS.0000000000001541","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd16.180446","article-title":"Skin cancer prevention behaviors among agricultural and construction workers in the United States, 2015","volume":"16","author":"Ragan KR","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ragan KR, Buchanan Lunsford N, Thomas CC, Tai EW, Sussell A, Holman DM. Skin cancer prevention behaviors among agricultural and construction workers in the United States, 2015. Prev Chronic Dis. 2019, 16:E15. 10.5888\/pcd16.180446","journal-title":"Prev Chronic Dis"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-019-01140-y","article-title":"Cancer incidence in the Agricultural Health Study after 20 years of follow-up","volume":"30","author":"Lerro CC","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lerro CC, Koutros S, Andreotti G, et al.. Cancer incidence in the Agricultural Health Study after 20 years of follow-up. Cancer Causes Control. 2019, 30:311-22. 10.1007\/s10552-019-01140-y","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyaa066","article-title":"Dicamba use and cancer incidence in the agricultural health study: an updated analysis","volume":"49","author":"Lerro CC","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lerro CC, Hofmann JN, Andreotti G, et al.. Dicamba use and cancer incidence in the agricultural health study: an updated analysis. Int J Epidemiol. 2020, 49:1326-37. 10.1093\/ije\/dyaa066","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Skin cancer prevention and screening behaviors among agricultural workers: a survey of the attendees of the Sioux Falls Farm Show","volume":"73","author":"Bormann JL","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bormann JL, Vetos DA, Bahnson AB, Riswold KJ, Anderson SM. Skin cancer prevention and screening behaviors among agricultural workers: a survey of the attendees of the Sioux Falls Farm Show. S D Med. 2020, 73:452-6.","journal-title":"S D Med"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2020.2571","article-title":"Association of age, sex, race, and geographic region with variation of the ratio of basal cell to cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas in the United States","volume":"156","author":"Lukowiak TM","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lukowiak TM, Aizman L, Perz A, et al.. Association of age, sex, race, and geographic region with variation of the ratio of basal cell to cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas in the United States. JAMA Dermatol. 2020, 156:1192-8. 10.1001\/jamadermatol.2020.2571","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.07.088","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for high-frequency basal cell carcinoma in the United States","volume":"84","author":"Chiang A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chiang A, Solis DC, Rogers H, et al.. Prevalence and risk factors for high-frequency basal cell carcinoma in the United States. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021, 84:1493-5. 10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.07.088","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2021-108156","article-title":"Use of permethrin and other pyrethroids and mortality in the Agricultural Health Study","volume":"79","author":"Shrestha S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shrestha S, Parks CG, Umbach DM, Hofmann JN, Beane Freeman LE, Blair A, Sandler DP. Use of permethrin and other pyrethroids and mortality in the Agricultural Health Study. Occup Environ Med. 2022, 79:664-72. 10.1136\/oemed-2021-108156","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djac242","article-title":"Glyphosate exposure and urinary oxidative stress biomarkers in the Agricultural Health Study","volume":"115","author":"Chang VC","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chang VC, Andreotti G, Ospina M, et al.. Glyphosate exposure and urinary oxidative stress biomarkers in the Agricultural Health Study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2023, 115:394-404. 10.1093\/jnci\/djac242","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page MJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al.. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021, 372:n71. 10.1136\/bmj.n71","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6947-7-16","article-title":"Utilization of the PICO framework to improve searching PubMed for clinical questions","volume":"7","author":"Schardt C","year":"2007","unstructured":"Schardt C, Adams MB, Owens T, Keitz S, Fontelo P. Utilization of the PICO framework to improve searching PubMed for clinical questions. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2007, 7:16. 10.1186\/1472-6947-7-16","journal-title":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses","author":"Wells GA","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wells GA, Shea B, O\u2019Connell D, et al.. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. Ottawa Hospital Research Institute. 2025 ,","journal-title":"Ottawa Hospital Research Institute"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.13405","article-title":"Risk of bias evaluation of cross-sectional studies: adaptation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale","author":"Carra MC","year":"2025","unstructured":"Carra MC, Romandini P, Romandini M. Risk of bias evaluation of cross-sectional studies: adaptation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. J Periodontal Res. 2025, 10.1111\/jre.13405","journal-title":"J Periodontal Res"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-022-01644-0","article-title":"Economic burden of skin cancer treatment in the USA: an analysis of the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Data, 2012-2018","volume":"34","author":"Kao SZ","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kao SZ, Ekwueme DU, Holman DM, Rim SH, Thomas CC, Saraiya M. Economic burden of skin cancer treatment in the USA: an analysis of the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Data, 2012-2018. Cancer Causes Control. 2023, 34:205-12. 10.1007\/s10552-022-01644-0","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP13684","article-title":"An updated evaluation of atrazine-cancer incidence associations among pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study cohort","volume":"132","author":"Remigio RV","year":"2024","unstructured":"Remigio RV, Andreotti G, Sandler DP, et al.. An updated evaluation of atrazine-cancer incidence associations among pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study cohort. Environ Health Perspect. 2024, 132:27010. 10.1289\/EHP13684","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.23696","article-title":"Dermal exposure to agrochemicals as risk factor for skin cancer in farmers and ranchers in the US Central States","volume":"68","author":"Tucker S","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tucker S, Du Y, Ahmed R, Haynatzki G, Adhikari S, Rautiainen RH. Dermal exposure to agrochemicals as risk factor for skin cancer in farmers and ranchers in the US Central States. Am J Ind Med. 2025, 68:286-94. 10.1002\/ajim.23696","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"Nonmelanoma skin cancer in South Florida: a change in the relative incidence of basal and squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"18","author":"Vanaria RJ","year":"2025","unstructured":"Vanaria RJ, Chaudry A, Nestor MS. Nonmelanoma skin cancer in South Florida: a change in the relative incidence of basal and squamous cell carcinoma. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2025, 18:12-5.","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114615","article-title":"Carbaryl use and incident cancer in the Agricultural Health Study: an updated analysis","volume":"268","author":"Erickson PA","year":"2025","unstructured":"Erickson PA, Andreotti G, Remigio RV, et al.. Carbaryl use and incident cancer in the Agricultural Health Study: an updated analysis. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2025, 268:114615. 10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114615","journal-title":"Int J Hyg Environ Health"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.1188","article-title":"Trends in basal cell carcinoma incidence and identification of high-risk subgroups, 1998-2012","volume":"151","author":"Asgari MM","year":"2015","unstructured":"Asgari MM, Moffet HH, Ray GT, Quesenberry CP. Trends in basal cell carcinoma incidence and identification of high-risk subgroups, 1998-2012. JAMA Dermatol. 2015, 151:976-81. 10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.1188","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.1187","article-title":"Incidence estimate of nonmelanoma skin cancer (keratinocyte carcinomas) in the U.S. population, 2012","volume":"151","author":"Rogers HW","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rogers HW, Weinstock MA, Feldman SR, Coldiron BM. Incidence estimate of nonmelanoma skin cancer (keratinocyte carcinomas) in the U.S. population, 2012. JAMA Dermatol. 2015, 151:1081-6. 10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.1187","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.62.0625","article-title":"Female estrogen-related factors and incidence of basal cell carcinoma in a nationwide US cohort","volume":"33","author":"Cahoon EK","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cahoon EK, Kitahara CM, Ntowe E, et al.. Female estrogen-related factors and incidence of basal cell carcinoma in a nationwide US cohort. J Clin Oncol. 2015, 33:4058-65. 10.1200\/JCO.2015.62.0625","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/520949-occupational-pesticide-exposure-and-risk-of-non-melanoma-skin-cancer-among-us-adults-a-systematic-review","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T11:32:59Z","timestamp":1789644779000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/520949-occupational-pesticide-exposure-and-risk-of-non-melanoma-skin-cancer-among-us-adults-a-systematic-review"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"references-count":30,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.116415","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]}}}