{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T06:49:35Z","timestamp":1769323775487,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.14206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]],"date-time":"2021-03-31T10:56:15Z","timestamp":1617188175000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial to Test the Efficacy of Intranasal Chlorpheniramine Maleate With Xylitol for the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Marcos","family":"Sanchez-Gonzalez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Syed A","family":"Rizvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joselit","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gustavo","family":"Ferrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1412282","article-title":"Clinical practice. Allergic rhinitis","volume":"372","author":"Wheatley LM","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wheatley LM, Togias A. Clinical practice. Allergic rhinitis. N Engl J Med. 2015, 372:456-63. 10.1056\/NEJMcp1412282","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Treatment of allergic rhinitis","volume":"81","author":"Sur DK","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sur DK, Scandale S. Treatment of allergic rhinitis. Am Fam Physician. 2010, 81:1440-6.","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.201007-050RN","article-title":"Anatomy and physiology of the upper airway","volume":"8","author":"Sahin-Yilmaz A","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sahin-Yilmaz A, Naclerio RM. Anatomy and physiology of the upper airway. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2011, 8:31-9. 10.1513\/pats.201007-050RN","journal-title":"Proc Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/S0026-4946.20.05850-8","article-title":"Nasal microbiome in chronic rhinosinusitis [Online ahead of print]","author":"Miraglia Del Giudice M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Miraglia Del Giudice M, Parisi GF, Indolfi C, Manti S, Leonardi S, Decimo F, Ciprandi G. Nasal microbiome in chronic rhinosinusitis [Online ahead of print]. Minerva Pediatr. 2020, 10.23736\/S0026-4946.20.05850-8","journal-title":"Minerva Pediatr"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02643","article-title":"The antihistamine drugs carbinoxamine maleate and chlorpheniramine maleate exhibit potent antiviral activity against a broad spectrum of influenza viruses","volume":"9","author":"Xu W","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xu W, Xia S, Pu J, Wang Q, Li P, Lu L, Jiang S. The antihistamine drugs carbinoxamine maleate and chlorpheniramine maleate exhibit potent antiviral activity against a broad spectrum of influenza viruses. Front Microbiol. 2018, 9:2643. 10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02643","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2007.28.2961","article-title":"First-generation antihistamines diphenhydramine and chlorpheniramine reverse cytokine-afforded eosinophil survival by enhancing apoptosis","volume":"28","author":"Hasala H","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hasala H, Moilanen E, Janka-Junttila M, Giembycz MA, Kankaanranta H. First-generation antihistamines diphenhydramine and chlorpheniramine reverse cytokine-afforded eosinophil survival by enhancing apoptosis. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2007, 28:79-86. 10.2500\/aap.2007.28.2961","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Proc"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.21573","article-title":"Chlorpheniramine attenuates histamine-mediated aquaporin 5 downregulation in human nasal epithelial cells via suppression of NF-\u03baB activation","volume":"14","author":"Chang YL","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chang YL, Lin CS, Wang HW, Jian KR, Liu SC. Chlorpheniramine attenuates histamine-mediated aquaporin 5 downregulation in human nasal epithelial cells via suppression of NF-\u03baB activation. Int J Med Sci. 2017, 14:1268-75. 10.7150\/ijms.21573","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"The effect of aerosolized chlorpheniramine maleate on exercise induced bronchospasm and gas exchange in asthmatics","volume":"68","author":"Chugh J","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chugh J, Yadav YR, Kulkarni HS, Maheshwari S. The effect of aerosolized chlorpheniramine maleate on exercise induced bronchospasm and gas exchange in asthmatics. J Assoc Physicians India. 2020, 68:21-5.","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/cpp39173","article-title":"Systemic bioavailability of nasally applied chlorphenamine maleate (0.4% nasal spray) relative to tablets administered perorally","volume":"39","author":"Van Toor BS","year":"2001","unstructured":"Van Toor BS, Buchwald A, Stengele E, Trenk D, Gercek C, de Mey CM. Systemic bioavailability of nasally applied chlorphenamine maleate (0.4% nasal spray) relative to tablets administered perorally. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2001, 39:173-8. 10.5414\/cpp39173","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.22176","article-title":"Xylitol nasal irrigation in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis: a pilot study","volume":"121","author":"Weissman JD","year":"2011","unstructured":"Weissman JD, Fernandez F, Hwang PH. Xylitol nasal irrigation in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis: a pilot study. Laryngoscope. 2011, 121:2468-72. 10.1002\/lary.22176","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b15-00773","article-title":"Ameliorating effect of dietary xylitol on human Respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) infection","volume":"39","author":"Xu ML","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xu ML, Wi GR, Kim HJ, Kim HJ. Ameliorating effect of dietary xylitol on human Respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) infection. Biol Pharm Bull. 2016, 39:540-6. 10.1248\/bpb.b15-00773","journal-title":"Biol Pharm Bull"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21970","article-title":"The in vitro mucolytic effect of xylitol and dornase alfa on chronic rhinosinusitis mucus","volume":"7","author":"Hardcastle T","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hardcastle T, Jain R, Radcliff F, Waldvogel-Thurlow S, Zoing M, Biswas K, Douglas R. The in vitro mucolytic effect of xylitol and dornase alfa on chronic rhinosinusitis mucus. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2017, 7:889-96. 10.1002\/alr.21970","journal-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2307\/2529712","article-title":"Sequential treatment assignment with balancing for prognostic factors in the controlled clinical trial","volume":"31","author":"Pocock SJ","year":"1975","unstructured":"Pocock SJ, Simon R. Sequential treatment assignment with balancing for prognostic factors in the controlled clinical trial. Biometrics. 1975, 31:103-15.","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2006.01276.x","article-title":"Visual analog scales can assess the severity of rhinitis graded according to ARIA guidelines","volume":"62","author":"Bousquet PJ","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bousquet PJ, Combescure C, Neukirch F, Klossek JM, M\u00e9chin H, Daures JP, Bousquet J. Visual analog scales can assess the severity of rhinitis graded according to ARIA guidelines. Allergy. 2007, 62:367-72. 10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2006.01276.x","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WOX.0b013e31823f7216","article-title":"Indications, efficacy, and safety of intranasal corticosteriods in rhinosinusitis","volume":"5","author":"Potter PC","year":"2012","unstructured":"Potter PC, Pawankar R. Indications, efficacy, and safety of intranasal corticosteriods in rhinosinusitis. World Allergy Organ J. 2012, 5:14-7. 10.1097\/WOX.0b013e31823f7216","journal-title":"World Allergy Organ J"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/41.5.563","article-title":"Antiadhesive effects of xylitol on otopathogenic bacteria","volume":"41","author":"Kontiokari","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kontiokari, T., M. Uhari, and Koskela, M. Antiadhesive effects of xylitol on otopathogenic bacteria. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1998, 41:563-5. 10.1093\/jac\/41.5.563","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.39.8.1820","article-title":"Effect of xylitol on growth of nasopharyngeal bacteria in vitro","volume":"39","author":"Kontiokari T","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kontiokari T, Uhari M, Koskela M. Effect of xylitol on growth of nasopharyngeal bacteria in vitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995, 39:1820-3. 10.1128\/aac.39.8.1820","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-020-01430-0","article-title":"Gut microbial characteristics of adult patients with allergy rhinitis","volume":"19","author":"Zhu L","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu L, Xu F, Wan W, et al.. Gut microbial characteristics of adult patients with allergy rhinitis. Microb Cell Fact. 2020, 19:171. 10.1186\/s12934-020-01430-0","journal-title":"Microb Cell Fact"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01584","article-title":"Microbiome and allergic diseases","volume":"9","author":"Pascal M","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pascal M, Perez-Gordo M, Caballero T, et al.. Microbiome and allergic diseases. Front Immunol. 2018, 9:1584. 10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01584","journal-title":"Front Immunol"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/55303-a-randomized-controlled-pilot-trial-to-test-the-efficacy-of-intranasal-chlorpheniramine-maleate-with-xylitol-for-the-treatment-of-allergic-rhinitis","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T19:31:12Z","timestamp":1707507072000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/55303-a-randomized-controlled-pilot-trial-to-test-the-efficacy-of-intranasal-chlorpheniramine-maleate-with-xylitol-for-the-treatment-of-allergic-rhinitis"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]]},"references-count":19,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.14206","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]]}}}