{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T10:18:23Z","timestamp":1778494703019,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.17196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]],"date-time":"2021-08-15T16:23:22Z","timestamp":1629044602000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Complex Pathology and Management in the Obstetric Patient: A Narrative Review for the Anesthesiologist"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Lia","family":"Metzger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Menachem","family":"Teitelbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Garret","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sangeeta","family":"Kumaraswami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.anes.0000264744.63275.10","article-title":"Practice guidelines for obstetric anesthesia: an updated report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Obstetric Anesthesia","volume":"106","year":"2007","unstructured":"Practice guidelines for obstetric anesthesia. an updated report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Obstetric Anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 2007, 106:843-63. 10.1097\/01.anes.0000264744.63275.10","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2009.12.003","article-title":"The preoperative assessment of obstetric patients","volume":"24","author":"Hinova A","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hinova A, Fernando R. The preoperative assessment of obstetric patients. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2010, 24:261-76. 10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2009.12.003","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13584-018-0210-7","article-title":"Concurrent medical conditions among pregnant women - ignore at their peril: report from an antenatal anesthesia clinic","volume":"7","author":"Weiniger CF","year":"2018","unstructured":"Weiniger CF, Einav S, Elchalal U, Ozerski V, Shatalin D, Ioscovich A, Ginosar Y. Concurrent medical conditions among pregnant women - ignore at their peril: report from an antenatal anesthesia clinic. Isr J Health Policy Res. 2018, 7:16. 10.1186\/s13584-018-0210-7","journal-title":"Isr J Health Policy Res"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002018","article-title":"Practice Bulletin No. 177: Obstetric Analgesia and Anesthesia","volume":"129","year":"2017","unstructured":"Practice Bulletin No. 177. Obstetric Analgesia and Anesthesia. Obstet Gynecol. 2017, 129:e73-89. 10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002018","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crwh.2019.e00140","article-title":"Management of epidermolysis bullosa simplex in pregnancy: a case report","volume":"24","author":"Shah N","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shah N, Kumaraswami S, Mushi JE. Management of epidermolysis bullosa simplex in pregnancy: a case report. Case Rep Womens Health. 2019, 24:e00140. 10.1016\/j.crwh.2019.e00140","journal-title":"Case Rep Womens Health"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8920921","article-title":"Management of a parturient with mast cell activation syndrome: an anesthesiologist's experience","volume":"2018","author":"Kumaraswami S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kumaraswami S, Farkas G. Management of a parturient with mast cell activation syndrome: an anesthesiologist's experience. Case Rep Anesthesiol. 2018, 2018:8920921. 10.1155\/2018\/8920921","journal-title":"Case Rep Anesthesiol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2011.02443.x","article-title":"Neuraxial techniques in patients with pre-existing back impairment or prior spine interventions: a topical review with special reference to obstetrics","volume":"55","author":"Vercauteren M","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vercauteren M, Waets P, Pitk\u00e4nen M, F\u00f6rster J. Neuraxial techniques in patients with pre-existing back impairment or prior spine interventions: a topical review with special reference to obstetrics. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2011, 55:910-7. 10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2011.02443.x","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lpm.2020.104050","article-title":"Tattoo and epidural analgesia: Rise and fall of a myth","volume":"49","author":"Kluger N","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kluger N, Sleth JC. Tattoo and epidural analgesia: Rise and fall of a myth. Presse Med. 2020, 49:104050. 10.1016\/j.lpm.2020.104050","journal-title":"Presse Med"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2017.01.005","article-title":"Anesthetic considerations for labor and delivery in women with cerebrospinal fluid shunts","volume":"30","author":"Rajagopalan S","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rajagopalan S, Gopinath S, Trinh VT, Chandrasekhar S. Anesthetic considerations for labor and delivery in women with cerebrospinal fluid shunts. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2017, 30:23-9. 10.1016\/j.ijoa.2017.01.005","journal-title":"Int J Obstet Anesth"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/XAA.0000000000000960","article-title":"Epidural anesthesia for cesarean delivery in a parturient with lumboperitoneal shunt: a case report","volume":"12","author":"Moreno-Duarte I","year":"2019","unstructured":"Moreno-Duarte I, Hall RR 3rd, Shutran MS, Radhakrishnan MG, Drzymalski DM. Epidural anesthesia for cesarean delivery in a parturient with lumboperitoneal shunt: a case report. A A Pract. 2019, 12:436-7. 10.1213\/XAA.0000000000000960","journal-title":"A A Pract"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2021.110193","article-title":"Management of a parturient with seizure disorder and a vagus nerve stimulator","volume":"71","author":"Chyan A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chyan A, Kumaraswami S, Pothula S. Management of a parturient with seizure disorder and a vagus nerve stimulator. J Clin Anesth. 2021, 71:110193. 10.1016\/j.jclinane.2021.110193","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"Anesthetic considerations and perioperative management of spinal cord stimulators: literature review and initial recommendations","volume":"20","author":"Harned ME","year":"2017","unstructured":"Harned ME, Gish B, Zuelzer A, Grider JS. Anesthetic considerations and perioperative management of spinal cord stimulators: literature review and initial recommendations. Pain Physician. 2017, 20:319-29.","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000002530","article-title":"The society for obstetric anesthesia and perinatology consensus statement on the anesthetic management of pregnant and postpartum women receiving thromboprophylaxis or higher dose anticoagulants","volume":"126","author":"Leffert L","year":"2018","unstructured":"Leffert L, Butwick A, Carvalho B, et al.. The society for obstetric anesthesia and perinatology consensus statement on the anesthetic management of pregnant and postpartum women receiving thromboprophylaxis or higher dose anticoagulants. Anesth Analg. 2018, 126:928-44. 10.1213\/ANE.0000000000002530","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000714","article-title":"Central neurological complications following obstetric neuraxial blockade","volume":"32","author":"von Peltz C","year":"2019","unstructured":"von Peltz C, Bennett A, Patil V. Central neurological complications following obstetric neuraxial blockade. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2019, 32:315-24. 10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000714","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000253","article-title":"Serious complications related to obstetric anesthesia: the serious complication repository project of the Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology","volume":"120","author":"D'Angelo R","year":"2014","unstructured":"D'Angelo R, Smiley RM, Riley ET, Segal S. Serious complications related to obstetric anesthesia: the serious complication repository project of the Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology. Anesthesiology. 2014, 120:1505-12. 10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000253","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002306","article-title":"Epidural analgesia during the second stage of labor: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"130","author":"Shen X","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shen X, Li Y, Xu S, et al.. Epidural analgesia during the second stage of labor: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2017, 130:1097-103. 10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002306","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12355","article-title":"The impact of epidural analgesia on the duration of the second stage of labor","volume":"45","author":"Shmueli A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shmueli A, Salman L, Orbach-Zinger S, Aviram A, Hiersch L, Chen R, Gabbay-Benziv R. The impact of epidural analgesia on the duration of the second stage of labor. Birth. 2018, 45:377-84. 10.1111\/birt.12355","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000331.pub4","article-title":"Epidural versus non-epidural or no analgesia for pain management in labour","volume":"5","author":"Anim-Somuah M","year":"2018","unstructured":"Anim-Somuah M, Smyth RM, Cyna AM, Cuthbert A. Epidural versus non-epidural or no analgesia for pain management in labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018, 5:CD000331. 10.1002\/14651858.CD000331.pub4","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2014.07.008","article-title":"Chronic headache and backache are long-term sequelae of unintentional dural puncture in the obstetric population","volume":"27","author":"Ranganathan P","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ranganathan P, Golfeiz C, Phelps AL, et al.. Chronic headache and backache are long-term sequelae of unintentional dural puncture in the obstetric population. J Clin Anesth. 2015, 27:201-6. 10.1016\/j.jclinane.2014.07.008","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-2243(95)02058-z","article-title":"The nature and consequences of childbirth pain","volume":"59","author":"Brownridge P","year":"1995","unstructured":"Brownridge P. The nature and consequences of childbirth pain. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1995, 59:S9-15. 10.1016\/0028-2243(95)02058-z","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007238.pub2","article-title":"Early versus late initiation of epidural analgesia for labour","volume":"10","author":"Sng BL","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sng BL, Leong WL, Zeng Y, et al.. Early versus late initiation of epidural analgesia for labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014, 10:CD007238. 10.1002\/14651858.CD007238.pub2","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2021.0376","article-title":"Association of epidural labor analgesia with offspring risk of autism spectrum disorders","volume":"175","author":"Wall-Wieler E","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wall-Wieler E, Bateman BT, Hanlon-Dearman A, Roos LL, Butwick AJ. Association of epidural labor analgesia with offspring risk of autism spectrum disorders. JAMA Pediatr. 2021, 175:698-705. 10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2021.0376","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e31820e777a","article-title":"Informed consent in obstetric anesthesia","volume":"112","author":"Broaddus BM","year":"2011","unstructured":"Broaddus BM, Chandrasekhar S. Informed consent in obstetric anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 2011, 112:912-5. 10.1213\/ANE.0b013e31820e777a","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"Shared decision\u00a0making and communication","author":"Ortiz VE","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ortiz VE, Abrams J, Pian-Smith May CM. Shared decision\u00a0making and communication. Chestnut\u2019s Obstetric Anesthesia: Principles and Practice. 6th edition. Chestnut DH, Wong CA, Tsen LC, et al. (ed): Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia, PA; 2020. 777-97."},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2017.04.006","article-title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in obstetric anesthesia","volume":"41","author":"Lange EM","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lange EM, Rao S, Toledo P. Racial and ethnic disparities in obstetric anesthesia. Semin Perinatol. 2017, 41:293-8. 10.1053\/j.semperi.2017.04.006","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000000933","article-title":"Caring for the Jehovah's witness parturient","volume":"121","author":"Mason CL","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mason CL, Tran CK. Caring for the Jehovah's witness parturient. Anesth Analg. 2015, 121:1564-9. 10.1213\/ANE.0000000000000933","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.125767","article-title":"Ethical challenges of decision making with pregnant patients who have schizophrenia","volume":"187","author":"McCullough LB","year":"2002","unstructured":"McCullough LB, Coverdale JH, Chervenak FA. Ethical challenges of decision making with pregnant patients who have schizophrenia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002, 187:696-702. 10.1067\/mob.2002.125767","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"Psychiatric Disorders","author":"Warwick J","year":"2020","unstructured":"Warwick J, Kee N. Psychiatric Disorders. Chestnut\u2019s Obstetric Anesthesia: Principles and Practice. 6th edition. Chestnut DH, Wong CA, Tsen LC, et al., (ed): Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia, PA; 2020. 1207-14."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-016-9888-7","article-title":"Ultrasonography in the preoperative difficult airway assessment","volume":"31","author":"Fulkerson JS","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fulkerson JS, Moore HM, Anderson TS, Lowe RF Jr. Ultrasonography in the preoperative difficult airway assessment. J Clin Monit Comput. 2017, 31:513-30. 10.1007\/s10877-016-9888-7","journal-title":"J Clin Monit Comput"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000450","article-title":"The use of ultrasound in obstetric anesthesia","volume":"30","author":"Weiniger CF","year":"2017","unstructured":"Weiniger CF, Sharoni L. The use of ultrasound in obstetric anesthesia. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2017, 30:306-12. 10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000450","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2016.09.005","article-title":"The use of ultrasonography in obstetric anesthesia","volume":"35","author":"Talati C","year":"2017","unstructured":"Talati C, Arzola C, Carvalho JC. The use of ultrasonography in obstetric anesthesia. Anesthesiol Clin. 2017, 35:35-58. 10.1016\/j.anclin.2016.09.005","journal-title":"Anesthesiol Clin"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2016.12.001","article-title":"The role of ultrasonography in obstetric anesthesia","volume":"31","author":"Lee A","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee A, Loughrey JP. The role of ultrasonography in obstetric anesthesia. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2017, 31:81-90. 10.1016\/j.bpa.2016.12.001","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2018.09.011","article-title":"Obstetric anesthesia management of the patient with cardiac disease","volume":"37","author":"Arendt KW","year":"2019","unstructured":"Arendt KW, Lindley KJ. Obstetric anesthesia management of the patient with cardiac disease. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2019, 37:73-85. 10.1016\/j.ijoa.2018.09.011","journal-title":"Int J Obstet Anesth"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/erc.09.179","article-title":"Pregnant women with congenital heart disease: cardiac, anesthetic and obstetrical implications","volume":"8","author":"Fernandes SM","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fernandes SM, Arendt KW, Landzberg MJ, Economy KE, Khairy P. Pregnant women with congenital heart disease: cardiac, anesthetic and obstetrical implications. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2010, 8:439-48. 10.1586\/erc.09.179","journal-title":"Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2014.04.014","article-title":"The role of the anesthesiologist in the care of the parturient with cardiac disease","volume":"38","author":"Sachs A","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sachs A, Aaronson J, Smiley R. The role of the anesthesiologist in the care of the parturient with cardiac disease. Semin Perinatol. 2014, 38:252-9. 10.1053\/j.semperi.2014.04.014","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2009.11.012","article-title":"Anaesthesia for the obstetric patient with (non-obstetric) systemic disease","volume":"24","author":"Reide PJ","year":"2010","unstructured":"Reide PJ, Yentis SM. Anaesthesia for the obstetric patient with (non-obstetric) systemic disease. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2010, 24:313-26. 10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2009.11.012","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2020.06.062","article-title":"Anesthesia for pregnant women with pulmonary hypertension","volume":"35","author":"Wang J","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang J, Lu J. Anesthesia for pregnant women with pulmonary hypertension. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2021, 35:2201-11. 10.1053\/j.jvca.2020.06.062","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"ref38","article-title":"Cardiovascular diseases","author":"Vidovich MI.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vidovich MI.  . Cardiovascular diseases. Chestnut\u2019s Obstetric Anesthesia: Principles and Practice. 6th edition. Chestnut DH, Wong CA, Tsen LC, et al., (ed): Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia, PA; 2020. 987-1032."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2021.103173","article-title":"Management of a parturient with the ACTA2 gene mutation","volume":"47","author":"Kostyk P","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kostyk P, Kumaraswami S, Rajendran GP, Goldberg J. Management of a parturient with the ACTA2 gene mutation. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2021, 47:103173. 10.1016\/j.ijoa.2021.103173","journal-title":"Int J Obstet Anesth"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000002821","article-title":"Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Management [corrected]","volume":"132","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Management [corrected]. Anesthesiology. 2020, 132.225-52. 10.1097\/ALN.0000000000002821","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp0809942","article-title":"Clinical practice. Asthma in pregnancy","volume":"360","author":"Schatz M","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schatz M, Dombrowski MP. Clinical practice. Asthma in pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 2009, 360:1862-9. 10.1056\/NEJMcp0809942","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000003335","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea in pregnant women: a review of pregnancy outcomes and an approach to management","volume":"127","author":"Dominguez JE","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dominguez JE, Krystal AD, Habib AS. Obstructive sleep apnea in pregnant women: a review of pregnancy outcomes and an approach to management. Anesth Analg. 2018, 127:1167-77. 10.1213\/ANE.0000000000003335","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0259-1162.123207","article-title":"Pregnancy with co-morbidities: anesthetic aspects during operative intervention","volume":"7","author":"Bajwa SJ","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bajwa SJ, Bajwa SK, Ghuman GS. Pregnancy with co-morbidities: anesthetic aspects during operative intervention. Anesth Essays Res. 2013, 7:294-301. 10.4103\/0259-1162.123207","journal-title":"Anesth Essays Res"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2013.10.006","article-title":"Anaesthesia for parturients with severe cystic fibrosis: a case series","volume":"23","author":"Deighan M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Deighan M, Ash S, McMorrow R. Anaesthesia for parturients with severe cystic fibrosis: a case series. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2014, 23:75-9. 10.1016\/j.ijoa.2013.10.006","journal-title":"Int J Obstet Anesth"},{"key":"ref45","article-title":"Neurologic and Neuromuscular Disease","author":"Lim G","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lim G, Bader AM. Neurologic and Neuromuscular Disease. Chestnut\u2019s Obstetric Anesthesia: Principles and Practice. 6th edition. Chestnut DH, Wong CA, Tsen LC, et al. (ed): Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia, PA; 2020. 1160-89."},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1082","article-title":"Obstetric anesthesia\/analgesia does not affect disease course in multiple sclerosis: 10-year retrospective cohort study","volume":"8","author":"Harazim H","year":"2018","unstructured":"Harazim H, \u0160toura\u010d P, Jank\u016f P, Zelinkov\u00e1 H, Frank K, Dufek M, \u0160toura\u010d P. Obstetric anesthesia\/analgesia does not affect disease course in multiple sclerosis: 10-year retrospective cohort study. Brain Behav. 2018, 8:e01082. 10.1002\/brb3.1082","journal-title":"Brain Behav"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2018.10.002","article-title":"Anesthetic management of parturients with Arnold Chiari malformation-I: a multicenter retrospective study","volume":"37","author":"Gruffi TR","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gruffi TR, Peralta FM, Thakkar MS, et al.. Anesthetic management of parturients with Arnold Chiari malformation-I: a multicenter retrospective study. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2019, 37:52-6. 10.1016\/j.ijoa.2018.10.002","journal-title":"Int J Obstet Anesth"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.198737","article-title":"Management of parturients in active labor with Arnold Chiari malformation, tonsillar herniation, and syringomyelia","volume":"8","author":"Ghaly RF","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ghaly RF, Tverdohleb T, Candido KD, Knezevic NN. Management of parturients in active labor with Arnold Chiari malformation, tonsillar herniation, and syringomyelia. Surg Neurol Int. 2017, 8:10. 10.4103\/2152-7806.198737","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e3182796af9","article-title":"Cerebral aneurysms in pregnancy and delivery: pregnancy and delivery do not increase the risk of aneurysm rupture","volume":"72","author":"Kim YW","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kim YW, Neal D, Hoh BL. Cerebral aneurysms in pregnancy and delivery: pregnancy and delivery do not increase the risk of aneurysm rupture. Neurosurgery. 2013, 72:143-9. 10.1227\/NEU.0b013e3182796af9","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2018.06.007","article-title":"Management of anesthesia for cesarean delivery in a patient with an unruptured intracranial aneurysm","volume":"36","author":"Parikh N","year":"2018","unstructured":"Parikh N, Parikh N. Management of anesthesia for cesarean delivery in a patient with an unruptured intracranial aneurysm. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2018, 36:118-21. 10.1016\/j.ijoa.2018.06.007","journal-title":"Int J Obstet Anesth"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31829374c2","article-title":"Neuraxial anesthesia in parturients with intracranial pathology: a comprehensive review and reassessment of risk","volume":"119","author":"Leffert LR","year":"2013","unstructured":"Leffert LR, Schwamm LH. Neuraxial anesthesia in parturients with intracranial pathology: a comprehensive review and reassessment of risk. Anesthesiology. 2013, 119:703-18. 10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31829374c2","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3181f71234","article-title":"Neuraxial blockade in patients with preexisting spinal stenosis, lumbar disk disease, or prior spine surgery: efficacy and neurologic complications","volume":"111","author":"Hebl JR","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hebl JR, Horlocker TT, Kopp SL, Schroeder DR. Neuraxial blockade in patients with preexisting spinal stenosis, lumbar disk disease, or prior spine surgery: efficacy and neurologic complications. Anesth Analg. 2010, 111:1511-9. 10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3181f71234","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2249-4472.191594","article-title":"Neuraxial blocks in parturients with scoliosis and after spinal surgery","volume":"6","author":"Sharma M","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sharma M, McConachie I. Neuraxial blocks in parturients with scoliosis and after spinal surgery. J Obstet Anaesth Crit Care. 2016, 6:70-4. 10.4103\/2249-4472.191594","journal-title":"J Obstet Anaesth Crit Care"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-011-9508-4","article-title":"Management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension in parturients: anesthetic considerations","volume":"58","author":"Karmaniolou I","year":"2011","unstructured":"Karmaniolou I, Petropoulos G, Theodoraki K. Management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension in parturients: anesthetic considerations. Can J Anaesth. 2011, 58:650. 10.1007\/s12630-011-9508-4","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"ref55","article-title":"Musculoskeletal Disorders","author":"Preston R","year":"2020","unstructured":"Preston R. Musculoskeletal Disorders. Chestnut\u2019s Obstetric Anesthesia: Principles and Practice. 6th edition. Chestnut DH, Wong CA, Tsen LC, et al. (ed): Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia, PA; 2020. 1139-59."},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2014.11.001","article-title":"Anesthetic management of parturients with pre-existing paraplegia or tetraplegia: a case series","volume":"24","author":"Sharpe EE","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sharpe EE, Arendt KW, Jacob AK, Pasternak JJ. Anesthetic management of parturients with pre-existing paraplegia or tetraplegia: a case series. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2015, 24:77-84. 10.1016\/j.ijoa.2014.11.001","journal-title":"Int J Obstet Anesth"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0265021506251378","article-title":"Total spinal anaesthesia following epidural test dose in an ankylosing spondylitic patient with anticipated difficult airway undergoing total hip replacement","volume":"23","author":"Batra YK","year":"2006","unstructured":"Batra YK, Sharma A, Rajeev S. Total spinal anaesthesia following epidural test dose in an ankylosing spondylitic patient with anticipated difficult airway undergoing total hip replacement. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2006, 23:897-8. 10.1017\/S0265021506251378","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"ref58","article-title":"Regional anaesthesia in the patient with pre-existing neurological dysfunction","volume":"53","author":"Bajaj P","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bajaj P. Regional anaesthesia in the patient with pre-existing neurological dysfunction. Indian J Anaesth. 2009, 53:135-8.","journal-title":"Indian J Anaesth"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1802897","article-title":"Platelet counts during pregnancy","volume":"379","author":"Reese JA","year":"2018","unstructured":"Reese JA, Peck JD, Deschamps DR, et al.. Platelet counts during pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 2018, 379:32-43. 10.1056\/NEJMoa1802897","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000005355","article-title":"The society for obstetric anesthesia and perinatology interdisciplinary consensus statement on neuraxial procedures in obstetric patients with thrombocytopenia","volume":"132","author":"Bauer ME","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bauer ME, Arendt K, Beilin Y, et al.. The society for obstetric anesthesia and perinatology interdisciplinary consensus statement on neuraxial procedures in obstetric patients with thrombocytopenia. Anesth Analg. 2021, 132:1531-44. 10.1213\/ANE.0000000000005355","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aev374","article-title":"Disorders of coagulation in pregnancy","volume":"115","author":"Katz D","year":"2015","unstructured":"Katz D, Beilin Y. Disorders of coagulation in pregnancy. Br J Anaesth. 2015, 115:ii75-88. 10.1093\/bja\/aev374","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002706","article-title":"ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 196: Thromboembolism in Pregnancy","volume":"132","year":"2018","unstructured":"ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 196. Thromboembolism in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2018, 132:e1-e17. 10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002706","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjae.2019.09.008","article-title":"The peripartum management of diabetes","volume":"20","author":"Yap Y","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yap Y, Modi A, Lucas N. The peripartum management of diabetes. BJA Educ. 2020, 20:5-9. 10.1016\/j.bjae.2019.09.008","journal-title":"BJA Educ"},{"key":"ref64","article-title":"Endocrine Disorders","author":"Wissler RN","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wissler RN. Endocrine Disorders. Chestnut\u2019s Obstetric Anesthesia: Principles and Practice. 6th edition. Chestnut DH, Wong CA, Tsen LC, et al. (ed): Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia, PA; 2020. 1056-87."},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16101751","article-title":"Maternal body mass index and gestational weight gain and their association with pregnancy complications and perinatal conditions","volume":"16","author":"Simko M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Simko M, Totka A, Vondrova D, et al.. Maternal body mass index and gestational weight gain and their association with pregnancy complications and perinatal conditions. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019, 16:1751. 10.3390\/ijerph16101751","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2016.11.010","article-title":"Increasing body mass index predicts increasing difficulty, failure rate, and time to discovery of failure of epidural anesthesia in laboring patients","volume":"37","author":"Kula AO","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kula AO, Riess ML, Ellinas EH. Increasing body mass index predicts increasing difficulty, failure rate, and time to discovery of failure of epidural anesthesia in laboring patients. J Clin Anesth. 2017, 37:154-8. 10.1016\/j.jclinane.2016.11.010","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/LRA.S186530","article-title":"Obesity and obstetric anesthesia: current insights","volume":"12","author":"Taylor CR","year":"2019","unstructured":"Taylor CR, Dominguez JE, Habib AS. Obesity and obstetric anesthesia: current insights. Local Reg Anesth. 2019, 12:111-24. 10.2147\/LRA.S186530","journal-title":"Local Reg Anesth"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5498584","article-title":"Pushing the envelope in obstetric care: a case report of cesarean delivery in a parturient with a BMI >100\u2009kg m-2","volume":"2020","author":"Kumaraswami S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kumaraswami S, Futterman I, Pothula S, Rajendran GP, Kaul A. Pushing the envelope in obstetric care: a case report of cesarean delivery in a parturient with a BMI >100\u2009kg m-2. Case Rep Anesthesiol. 2020, 2020:5498584. 10.1155\/2020\/5498584","journal-title":"Case Rep Anesthesiol"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2019.04.029","article-title":"Preoperative evaluation before noncardiac surgery","volume":"95","author":"Bierle DM","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bierle DM, Raslau D, Regan DW, Sundsted KK, Mauck KF. Preoperative evaluation before noncardiac surgery. Mayo Clin Proc. 2020, 95:807-22. 10.1016\/j.mayocp.2019.04.029","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2249-4472.132812","article-title":"Anesthetic considerations in parturients with liver transplant","volume":"4","author":"Agarwal A","year":"2014","unstructured":"Agarwal A, Jha A, Baidya D, Trikha A. Anesthetic considerations in parturients with liver transplant. J Obstet Anaesth Crit Care. 2014, 4:4-11. 10.4103\/2249-4472.132812","journal-title":"J Obstet Anaesth Crit Care"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03022320","article-title":"Case report: pregnancy in hemodialysis-dependent end-stage renal disease: anesthetic considerations","volume":"54","author":"Dhir S","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dhir S, Fuller J. Case report: pregnancy in hemodialysis-dependent end-stage renal disease: anesthetic considerations. Can J Anaesth. 2007, 54:556-60. 10.1007\/BF03022320","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-4065.125051","article-title":"Anesthetic management in parturients with chronic kidney disease undergoing elective caesarean delivery: our experience of nine cases","volume":"24","author":"Modi MP","year":"2014","unstructured":"Modi MP, Vora KS, Parikh GP, Shah VR, Misra VV, Jasani AF. Anesthetic management in parturients with chronic kidney disease undergoing elective caesarean delivery: our experience of nine cases. Indian J Nephrol. 2014, 24:20-3. 10.4103\/0971-4065.125051","journal-title":"Indian J Nephrol"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psym.2015.12.001","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of pregnant women with substance use disorders","volume":"57","author":"McLafferty LP","year":"2016","unstructured":"McLafferty LP, Becker M, Dresner N, et al.. Guidelines for the management of pregnant women with substance use disorders. Psychosomatics. 2016, 57:115-30. 10.1016\/j.psym.2015.12.001","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004508","article-title":"Society for perioperative assessment and quality improvement (spaqi) consensus statement on perioperative smoking cessation","volume":"131","author":"Wong J","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wong J, An D, Urman RD, et al.. Society for perioperative assessment and quality improvement (spaqi) consensus statement on perioperative smoking cessation. Anesth Analg. 2020, 131:955-68. 10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004508","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"ref75","article-title":"Substance use disorders","author":"Leffert L","year":"2020","unstructured":"Leffert L. Substance use disorders. Chestnut\u2019s Obstetric Anesthesia: Principles and Practice. 6th edition. Chestnut DH, Wong CA, Tsen LC, et al. (ed): Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia, PA; 2020. 1248-73."},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0004867010060507","article-title":"Prevalence of psychiatric disorder in a methadone maintenance population","volume":"35","author":"Callaly T","year":"2001","unstructured":"Callaly T, Trauer T, Munro L, Whelan G. Prevalence of psychiatric disorder in a methadone maintenance population. Australian & New Zealand J Psychiatry. 2001, 35:601-5. 10.1080\/0004867010060507","journal-title":"Australian & New Zealand J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2019.01.004","article-title":"Anesthesia considerations and post-operative pain management in pregnant women with chronic opioid use","volume":"43","author":"Soens MA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Soens MA, He J, Bateman BT. Anesthesia considerations and post-operative pain management in pregnant women with chronic opioid use. Semin Perinatol. 2019, 43:149-61. 10.1053\/j.semperi.2019.01.004","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aco.0000169241.21680.0b","article-title":"Anesthetic management of the illicit-substance-using patient","volume":"18","author":"Hernandez M","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hernandez M, Birnbach DJ, Van Zundert AA. Anesthetic management of the illicit-substance-using patient. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2005, 18:315-24. 10.1097\/01.aco.0000169241.21680.0b","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2021.102975","article-title":"Placenta accreta spectrum disorder: updates on anesthetic and surgical management strategies","volume":"46","author":"Einerson BD","year":"2021","unstructured":"Einerson BD, Weiniger CF. Placenta accreta spectrum disorder: updates on anesthetic and surgical management strategies. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2021, 46:102975. 10.1016\/j.ijoa.2021.102975","journal-title":"Int J Obstet Anesth"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000718","article-title":"Anesthesia for predelivery procedures: ex-utero intrapartum treatment\/intrauterine transfusion\/surgery of the fetus","volume":"32","author":"Weber SU","year":"2019","unstructured":"Weber SU, Kranke P. Anesthesia for predelivery procedures: ex-utero intrapartum treatment\/intrauterine transfusion\/surgery of the fetus. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2019, 32:291-7. 10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000718","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/66238-complex-pathology-and-management-in-the-obstetric-patient-a-narrative-review-for-the-anesthesiologist","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T19:33:58Z","timestamp":1707507238000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/66238-complex-pathology-and-management-in-the-obstetric-patient-a-narrative-review-for-the-anesthesiologist"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]]},"references-count":80,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.17196","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]]}}}