{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T18:45:38Z","timestamp":1780339538042,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.18894","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]],"date-time":"2021-10-19T17:16:32Z","timestamp":1634663792000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Clinical Prognostic Factors for Patients With Esophageal Cancer Treated With Definitive Chemoradiotherapy"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Sergio L","family":"Favareto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia F","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro J","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henderson","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas G","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria  L","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guilherme","family":"Gondim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio Cassio A","family":"Pellizzon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo C","family":"Fogaroli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4251\/wjgo.v6.i5.112","article-title":"Esophageal cancer: a review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, staging workup and treatment modalities","volume":"6","author":"Napier KJ","year":"2014","unstructured":"Napier KJ, Scheerer M, Misra S. Esophageal cancer: a review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, staging workup and treatment modalities. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2014, 6:112-20. 10.4251\/wjgo.v6.i5.112","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Oncol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray F","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018, 68:394-424. 10.3322\/caac.21492","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-10-0012","article-title":"Esophageal adenocarcinoma incidence: are we reaching the peak?","volume":"19","author":"Pohl H","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pohl H, Sirovich B, Welch HG. Esophageal adenocarcinoma incidence: are we reaching the peak?. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2010, 19:1468-70. 10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-10-0012","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(15)00040-6","article-title":"Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus surgery versus surgery alone for oesophageal or junctional cancer (CROSS): long-term results of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Shapiro J","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shapiro J, van Lanschot JJB, Hulshof MCCM, et al.. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus surgery versus surgery alone for oesophageal or junctional cancer (CROSS): long-term results of a randomized controlled trial. Lancet Oncol. 2015, 16:1090-98. 10.1016\/S1470-2045(15)00040-6","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1112088","article-title":"Preoperative chemoradiotherapy for esophageal or junctional cancer","volume":"366","author":"van Hagen P","year":"2012","unstructured":"van Hagen P, Hulshof MC, van Lanschot JJ, et al.. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy for esophageal or junctional cancer. N Engl J Med. 2012, 366:2074-84. 10.1056\/NEJMoa1112088","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(95)00060-C","article-title":"Toxicity criteria of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC)","volume":"30","author":"Cox JD","year":"1995","unstructured":"Cox JD, Stetz J, Pajak TF. Toxicity criteria of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Physic. 1995, 30:1341-6. 10.1016\/0360-3016(95)00060-C","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Physic"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.04.7118","article-title":"Chemoradiation followed by surgery compared with chemoradiation alone in squamous cancer of the esophagus: FFCD 9102","volume":"25","author":"Bedenne L","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bedenne L, Michel P, Bouch\u00e9 O, et al.. Chemoradiation followed by surgery compared with chemoradiation alone in squamous cancer of the esophagus: FFCD 9102. J Clin Oncol. 2007, 25:1160-8. 10.1200\/JCO.2005.04.7118","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.00.034","article-title":"Chemoradiation with and without surgery in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus","volume":"23","author":"Stahl M","year":"2005","unstructured":"Stahl M, Stuschke M, Lehmann N, et al.. Chemoradiation with and without surgery in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. J Clin Oncol. 2005, 23:2310-7. 10.1200\/JCO.2005.00.034","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.17.1623","article-title":"Chemoradiotherapy of locally advanced esophageal cancer. Long-term follow-up of a prospective randomized trial (RTOG 85-01)","volume":"281","author":"Cooper JS","year":"1999","unstructured":"Cooper JS, Guo MD, Herskovic A, et al.. Chemoradiotherapy of locally advanced esophageal cancer. Long-term follow-up of a prospective randomized trial (RTOG 85-01). JAMA. 1999, 281:1623-7. 10.1001\/jama.281.17.1623","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rrv022","article-title":"Prognostic factors, patterns of recurrence and toxicity for patients with esophageal cancer undergoing definitive radiotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy","volume":"56","author":"Haefner MF","year":"2015","unstructured":"Haefner MF, Lang K, Krug D, et al.. Prognostic factors, patterns of recurrence and toxicity for patients with esophageal cancer undergoing definitive radiotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy. J Radiat Res. 2015, 56:742-9. 10.1093\/jrr\/rrv022","journal-title":"J Radiat Res"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70028-2","article-title":"Definitive chemoradiotherapy with FOLFOX versus fluorouracil and cisplatin in patients with oesophageal cancer (PRODIGE5\/ACCORD17): final results of a randomized phase 2\/3 trial","volume":"15","author":"Conroy T","year":"2014","unstructured":"Conroy T, Galais MP, Raoul JL, et al.. Definitive chemoradiotherapy with FOLFOX versus fluorouracil and cisplatin in patients with oesophageal cancer (PRODIGE5\/ACCORD17): final results of a randomized phase 2\/3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2014, 15:305-14. 10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70028-2","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(13)70136-0","article-title":"Chemoradiotherapy with or without cetuximab in patients with oesophageal cancer (SCOPE1): a multicentre, phase 2\/3 trial","volume":"14","author":"Crosby T","year":"2013","unstructured":"Crosby T, Hurt CN, Falks S, et al.. Chemoradiotherapy with or without cetuximab in patients with oesophageal cancer (SCOPE1): a multicentre, phase 2\/3 trial. Lancet. Lancet Oncol. 2013, 14:627-37. 10.1016\/S1470-2045(13)70136-0","journal-title":"Lancet. Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e31824c7bed","article-title":"Cetuximab plus cisplatin, irinotecan, and thoracic radiotherapy as definitive treatment for locally advanced, unresectable esophageal cancer: a phase-II study of the SWOG (S0414)","volume":"7","author":"Tomblyn MB","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tomblyn MB, Goldman BH, Thomas CR Jr, et al.. Cetuximab plus cisplatin, irinotecan, and thoracic radiotherapy as definitive treatment for locally advanced, unresectable esophageal cancer: a phase-II study of the SWOG (S0414). J Thorac Oncol. 2012, 7:906-12. 10.1097\/JTO.0b013e31824c7bed","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2002.20.5.1167","article-title":"INT 0123 (radiation Therapy Oncology Group 94-05) phase III trial of combined-modality therapy for esophageal cancer: high-dose versus standard-dose radiation therapy","volume":"20","author":"Minsky BD","year":"2002","unstructured":"Minsky BD, Pajak TF, Ginsberg RJ, et al.. INT 0123 (radiation Therapy Oncology Group 94-05) phase III trial of combined-modality therapy for esophageal cancer: high-dose versus standard-dose radiation therapy. J Clin Oncol. 2002, 20:1167-74. 10.1200\/JCO.2002.20.5.1167","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2014.03.030","article-title":"Definitive chemoradiation therapy with docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (DCF-R) in advanced esophageal cancer: a phase 2 trial (KDOG 0501-P2)","volume":"89","author":"Higuchi K","year":"2014","unstructured":"Higuchi K, Komori S, Tanabe S, et al.. Definitive chemoradiation therapy with docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (DCF-R) in advanced esophageal cancer: a phase 2 trial (KDOG 0501-P2). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2014, 89:872-9. 10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2014.03.030","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyt048","article-title":"Phase II study of concurrent chemoradiotherapy at the dose of 50.4 Gy with elective nodal irradiation for stage II-III esophageal carcinoma","volume":"43","author":"Kato K","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kato K, Nakajima TE, Ito Y, et al.. Phase II study of concurrent chemoradiotherapy at the dose of 50.4 Gy with elective nodal irradiation for stage II-III esophageal carcinoma. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2013, 43:608-15. 10.1093\/jjco\/hyt048","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/COC.0000000000000069","article-title":"A phase II study of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with paclitaxel and cisplatin for inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"39","author":"Tang HR","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tang HR, Ma HF, An SM, et al.. A phase II study of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with paclitaxel and cisplatin for inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Am J Clin Oncol. 2016, 39:350-4. 10.1097\/COC.0000000000000069","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mds206","article-title":"Long-term survival outcomes after definitive chemoradiation versus surgery in patients with resectable squamous carcinoma of the esophagus: results from a randomized controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Teoh AY","year":"2013","unstructured":"Teoh AY, Chiu PW, Yeung WK, Liu SY, Wong SK, Ng EK. Long-term survival outcomes after definitive chemoradiation versus surgery in patients with resectable squamous carcinoma of the esophagus: results from a randomized controlled trial. Ann Oncol. 2013, 24:165-71. 10.1093\/annonc\/mds206","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200109000-00010","article-title":"Histologic tumor type is an independent prognostic parameter in esophageal cancer: lessons from more than 1,000 consecutive resections at a single center in the Western world","volume":"234","author":"Siewert JR","year":"2001","unstructured":"Siewert JR, Stein HJ, Feith M, Bruecher BL, Bartels H, Fink U. Histologic tumor type is an independent prognostic parameter in esophageal cancer: lessons from more than 1,000 consecutive resections at a single center in the Western world. Ann Surg. 2001, 234:360-9. 10.1097\/00000658-200109000-00010","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31815aaadf","article-title":"The number of metastatic lymph nodes and the ratio between metastatic and examined lymph nodes are independent prognostic factors in esophageal cancer regardless of neoadjuvant chemoradiation or lymphadenectomy extent","volume":"247","author":"Mariette C","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mariette C, Piessen G, Briez N, Triboulet JP. The number of metastatic lymph nodes and the ratio between metastatic and examined lymph nodes are independent prognostic factors in esophageal cancer regardless of neoadjuvant chemoradiation or lymphadenectomy extent. Ann Surg. 2008, 247:365-71. 10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31815aaadf","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800810330","article-title":"Ratio of invaded to removed lymph nodes as a predictor of survival in squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus","volume":"81","author":"Roder JD","year":"1994","unstructured":"Roder JD, Busch R, Stein HJ, Fink U, Siewert JR. Ratio of invaded to removed lymph nodes as a predictor of survival in squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus. Br J Surg. 1994, 81:410-3. 10.1002\/bjs.1800810330","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2021.01.007","article-title":"Definitive chemoradiotherapy for clinical T4b esophageal cancer - Treatment outcomes, failure patterns, and prognostic factors","volume":"157","author":"Huang TT","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huang TT, Li SH, Chen YH, et al.. Definitive chemoradiotherapy for clinical T4b esophageal cancer - Treatment outcomes, failure patterns, and prognostic factors. Radiother Oncol. 2021, 157:56-62. 10.1016\/j.radonc.2021.01.007","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2010.11.011","article-title":"Tumor length as a prognostic factor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"91","author":"Wang BY","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wang BY, Goan YG, Hsu PK, Hsu WH, Wu YC. Tumor length as a prognostic factor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Ann Thorac Surg. 2011, 91:887-93. 10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2010.11.011","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10868","article-title":"Prognostic factors for the survival of patients with esophageal carcinoma in the U.S. The importance of tumor length and lymph node status","volume":"95","author":"Eloubeidi MA","year":"2002","unstructured":"Eloubeidi MA, Desmond R, Arguedas MR, Reed CE, Wilcox CM. Prognostic factors for the survival of patients with esophageal carcinoma in the U.S. The importance of tumor length and lymph node status. Cancer. 2002, 95:1434-43. 10.1002\/cncr.10868","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2016.08.016","article-title":"Radiation dose escalation in esophageal cancer revisited: a contemporary analysis of the National Cancer Data Base, 2004 to 2012","volume":"96","author":"Brower JV","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brower JV, Chen S, Bassetti MF, Yu M, Harari PM, Ritter MA, Baschnagel AM. Radiation dose escalation in esophageal cancer revisited: a contemporary analysis of the National Cancer Data Base, 2004 to 2012. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2016, 96:985-93. 10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2016.08.016","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2019.2809","article-title":"Results of a phase 1\/2 trial of chemoradiotherapy with simultaneous integrated boost of radiotherapy dose in unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer","volume":"5","author":"Chen D","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen D, Menon H, Verma V, et al.. Results of a phase 1\/2 trial of chemoradiotherapy with simultaneous integrated boost of radiotherapy dose in unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer. JAMA Oncol. 2019, 5:1597-604. 10.1001\/jamaoncol.2019.2809","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.35.15_suppl.4037","article-title":"Exclusive chemoradiotherapy with or without dose escalation in locally advanced esophageal carcinoma: the CONCORDE study (PRODIGE 26)","volume":"35","author":"Crehange G","year":"2017","unstructured":"Crehange G, Bertaut A, Peiffert D, et al.. Exclusive chemoradiotherapy with or without dose escalation in locally advanced esophageal carcinoma: the CONCORDE study (PRODIGE 26). J Clin Oncol. 2017, 35:4037. 10.1200\/JCO.2017.35.15_suppl.4037","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2017.06.2450","article-title":"Comparative outcomes after definitive chemoradiotherapy using proton beam therapy versus intensity modulated radiation therapy for esophageal cancer: a retrospective, single-institutional analysis","volume":"99","author":"Xi M","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xi M, Xu C, Liao Z, et al.. Comparative outcomes after definitive chemoradiotherapy using proton beam therapy versus intensity modulated radiation therapy for esophageal cancer: a retrospective, single-institutional analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2017, 99:667-76. 10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2017.06.2450","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.16.6918","article-title":"Phase II randomized trial of two nonoperative regimens of induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiation in patients with localized carcinoma of the esophagus: RTOG 0113","volume":"26","author":"Ajani JA","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ajani JA, Winter K, Komaki R, et al.. Phase II randomized trial of two nonoperative regimens of induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiation in patients with localized carcinoma of the esophagus: RTOG 0113. J Clin Oncol. 2008, 26:4551-6. 10.1200\/JCO.2008.16.6918","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22445","article-title":"Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor in esophageal and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinomas. Association with poor outcome","volume":"109","author":"Wang KL","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wang KL, Wu TT, Choi IS, et al.. Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor in esophageal and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinomas. Association with poor outcome. Cancer. 2007, 109:658-67. 10.1002\/cncr.22445","journal-title":"Cancer"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/73945-clinical-prognostic-factors-for-patients-with-esophageal-cancer-treated-with-definitive-chemoradiotherapy","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T19:31:38Z","timestamp":1707507098000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/73945-clinical-prognostic-factors-for-patients-with-esophageal-cancer-treated-with-definitive-chemoradiotherapy"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]]},"references-count":30,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.18894","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]]}}}