{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T23:25:23Z","timestamp":1746055523109},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.26506","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,2]],"date-time":"2022-07-02T05:27:35Z","timestamp":1656739655000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Tissue Dielectric Constant of the Lower Leg as an Index of Skin Water: Temporal Variations"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Harvey N","family":"Mayrovitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/10.720202","article-title":"Variational formulation of open-ended coaxial line in contact with layered biological medium","volume":"45","author":"Alanen E","year":"1998","unstructured":"Alanen E, Lahtinen T, Nuutinen J. Variational formulation of open-ended coaxial line in contact with layered biological medium. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 1998, 45:1241-8. 10.1109\/10.720202","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/41\/11\/002","article-title":"The dielectric properties of biological tissues: II. Measurements in the frequency range 10 Hz to 20 GHz","volume":"41","author":"Gabriel S","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gabriel S, Lau RW, Gabriel C. The dielectric properties of biological tissues: II. Measurements in the frequency range 10 Hz to 20 GHz. Phys Med Biol. 1996, 41:2251.","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/25\/2\/004","article-title":"Validation of a new dielectric device to assess changes of tissue water in skin and subcutaneous fat","volume":"25","author":"Nuutinen J","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nuutinen J, Ik\u00e4heimo R, Lahtinen T. Validation of a new dielectric device to assess changes of tissue water in skin and subcutaneous fat. Physiol Meas. 2004, 25:447-54. 10.1088\/0967-3334\/25\/2\/004","journal-title":"Physiol Meas"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.1982.1131022","article-title":"Measurement of radio frequency permittivity of biological tissues with an open-ended coaxial line: part II - experimental results","volume":"30","author":"Stuchly MA","year":"1982","unstructured":"Stuchly MA, Athey TW, Samaras GM, Taylor GE. Measurement of radio frequency permittivity of biological tissues with an open-ended coaxial line: part II - experimental results. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech. 1982, 30:87-92. 10.1109\/TMTT.1982.1131022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2016.0054","article-title":"Measurement of local tissue water in patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema","volume":"16","author":"Bakar Y","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bakar Y, Tu\u011fral A, \u00dcyet\u00fcrk \u00dc. Measurement of local tissue water in patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema. Lymphat Res Biol. 2018, 16:160-4. 10.1089\/lrb.2016.0054","journal-title":"Lymphat Res Biol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2019.0013","article-title":"Reliability of the moisturemeterd compact device and the pitting test to evaluate local tissue water in subjects with breast cancer-related lymphedema","volume":"18","author":"De Vrieze T","year":"2020","unstructured":"De Vrieze T, Gebruers N, Nevelsteen I, et al.. Reliability of the moisturemeterd compact device and the pitting test to evaluate local tissue water in subjects with breast cancer-related lymphedema. Lymphat Res Biol. 2020, 18:116-28. 10.1089\/lrb.2019.0013","journal-title":"Lymphat Res Biol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2018.0064","article-title":"Compression treatment of breast edema: a randomized controlled pilot study","volume":"18","author":"Johansson K","year":"2020","unstructured":"Johansson K, J\u00f6nsson C, Bj\u00f6rk-Eriksson T. Compression treatment of breast edema: a randomized controlled pilot study. Lymphat Res Biol. 2020, 18:129-35. 10.1089\/lrb.2018.0064","journal-title":"Lymphat Res Biol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2021.0010","article-title":"Tissue dielectric constant and water displacement method can detect changes of mild breast cancer-related arm lymphedema","volume":"20","author":"Karlsson K","year":"2022","unstructured":"Karlsson K, Johansson K, Nilsson-Wikmar L, Brog\u00e5rdh C. Tissue dielectric constant and water displacement method can detect changes of mild breast cancer-related arm lymphedema. Lymphat Res Biol. 2022, 20:325-34. 10.1089\/lrb.2021.0010","journal-title":"Lymphat Res Biol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2018.0022","article-title":"Spatial and temporal variability of upper extremity edema measures after breast cancer surgery","volume":"17","author":"Koehler LA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Koehler LA, Mayrovitz HN. Spatial and temporal variability of upper extremity edema measures after breast cancer surgery. Lymphat Res Biol. 2019, 17:308-15. 10.1089\/lrb.2018.0022","journal-title":"Lymphat Res Biol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzaa080","article-title":"Tissue dielectric constant measures in women with and without clinical trunk lymphedema following breast cancer surgery: a 78-week longitudinal study","volume":"100","author":"Koehler LA","year":"2020","unstructured":"Koehler LA, Mayrovitz HN. Tissue dielectric constant measures in women with and without clinical trunk lymphedema following breast cancer surgery: a 78-week longitudinal study. Phys Ther. 2020, 100:1384-92. 10.1093\/ptj\/pzaa080","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2020.0065","article-title":"Tissue dielectric constant combined with arm volume measurement as complementary methods in detection and assessment of breast cancer-related lymphedema","volume":"20","author":"Liu Y","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu Y, Long X, Guan J. Tissue dielectric constant combined with arm volume measurement as complementary methods in detection and assessment of breast cancer-related lymphedema. Lymphat Res Biol. 2022, 20:26-32. 10.1089\/lrb.2020.0065","journal-title":"Lymphat Res Biol"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"Assessing local tissue edema in postmastectomy lymphedema","volume":"40","author":"Mayrovitz HN","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mayrovitz HN. Assessing local tissue edema in postmastectomy lymphedema. Lymphology. 2007, 40:87-94.","journal-title":"Lymphology"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-014-4185-5","article-title":"Assessing localized skin-to-fat water in arms of women with breast cancer via tissue dielectric constant measurements in pre- and post-surgery patients","volume":"22","author":"Mayrovitz HN","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mayrovitz HN, Weingrad DN, Lopez L. Assessing localized skin-to-fat water in arms of women with breast cancer via tissue dielectric constant measurements in pre- and post-surgery patients. Ann Surg Oncol. 2015, 22:1483-9. 10.1245\/s10434-014-4185-5","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Tissue dielectric constant (TDC) as an index of skin water in women with and without breast cancer: upper limb assessment via a self-contained compact measurement device","volume":"49","author":"Mayrovitz HN","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mayrovitz HN, Weingrad DN, Lopez L. Tissue dielectric constant (TDC) as an index of skin water in women with and without breast cancer: upper limb assessment via a self-contained compact measurement device. Lymphology. 2016, 49:27-35.","journal-title":"Lymphology"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cpf.12541","article-title":"Assessment of local tissue water in the arms and trunk of breast cancer survivors with and without upper extremity lymphoedema","volume":"39","author":"Mazor M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mazor M, Smoot BJ, Mastick J, et al.. Assessment of local tissue water in the arms and trunk of breast cancer survivors with and without upper extremity lymphoedema. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2019, 39:57-64. 10.1111\/cpf.12541","journal-title":"Clin Physiol Funct Imaging"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-097X.2012.01129.x","article-title":"Validity and interobserver agreement of lower extremity local tissue water measurements in healthy women using tissue dielectric constant","volume":"32","author":"Jensen MR","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jensen MR, Birkballe S, N\u00f8rregaard S, Karlsmark T. Validity and interobserver agreement of lower extremity local tissue water measurements in healthy women using tissue dielectric constant. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2012, 32:317-22. 10.1111\/j.1475-097X.2012.01129.x","journal-title":"Clin Physiol Funct Imaging"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2019.0044","article-title":"Test-retest reliability of volume and local tissue water measurements in lower limbs of healthy women and men","volume":"18","author":"J\u00f6nsson C","year":"2020","unstructured":"J\u00f6nsson C, Bjurberg M, Brog\u00e5rdh C, Johansson K. Test-retest reliability of volume and local tissue water measurements in lower limbs of healthy women and men. Lymphat Res Biol. 2020, 18:261-9. 10.1089\/lrb.2019.0044","journal-title":"Lymphat Res Biol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12589","article-title":"Can tissue dielectric constant measurement aid in differentiating lymphoedema from lipoedema in women with swollen legs?","volume":"170","author":"Birkballe S","year":"2014","unstructured":"Birkballe S, Jensen MR, Noerregaard S, Gottrup F, Karlsmark T. Can tissue dielectric constant measurement aid in differentiating lymphoedema from lipoedema in women with swollen legs?. Br J Dermatol. 2014, 170:96-102. 10.1111\/bjd.12589","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzac025","article-title":"Impedance of extracellular fluid, volume, and local tissue water can be reliably measured in people with lower limb lymphedema","volume":"102","author":"J\u00f6nsson C","year":"2022","unstructured":"J\u00f6nsson C, Johansson K, Bjurberg M, Brog\u00e5rdh C. Impedance of extracellular fluid, volume, and local tissue water can be reliably measured in people with lower limb lymphedema. Phys Ther. 2022, 102:10.1093\/ptj\/pzac025","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"ref20","article-title":"Changes in tissue water and indentation resistance of lymphedematous limbs accompanying low level laser therapy (LLLT) of fibrotic skin","volume":"44","author":"Mayrovitz HN","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mayrovitz HN, Davey S. Changes in tissue water and indentation resistance of lymphedematous limbs accompanying low level laser therapy (LLLT) of fibrotic skin. Lymphology. 2011, 44:168-77.","journal-title":"Lymphology"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Localized tissue water changes accompanying one manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) therapy session assessed by changes in tissue dielectric constant inpatients with lower extremity lymphedema","volume":"41","author":"Mayrovitz HN","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mayrovitz HN, Davey S, Shapiro E. Localized tissue water changes accompanying one manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) therapy session assessed by changes in tissue dielectric constant inpatients with lower extremity lymphedema. Lymphology. 2008, 41:87-92.","journal-title":"Lymphology"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/S0392-9590.17.03843-3","article-title":"Tissue dielectric constant and circumference measurement in the follow-up of treatment-related changes in lower-limb lymphedema","volume":"37","author":"Tugral A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tugral A, Viren T, Bakar Y. Tissue dielectric constant and circumference measurement in the follow-up of treatment-related changes in lower-limb lymphedema. Int Angiol. 2018, 37:26-31. 10.23736\/S0392-9590.17.03843-3","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.17665","article-title":"Assessing potential circadian, diurnal, and ultradian variations in skin biophysical properties","volume":"13","author":"Mayrovitz HN","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mayrovitz HN, Berthin T. Assessing potential circadian, diurnal, and ultradian variations in skin biophysical properties. Cureus. 2021, 13:e17665. 10.7759\/cureus.17665","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/j100842a024","article-title":"Further observations on the electrical properties of hemoglobin-bound water","volume":"73","author":"Pennock BE","year":"1969","unstructured":"Pennock BE, Schwan HP. Further observations on the electrical properties of hemoglobin-bound water. J Phys Chem. 1969, 73:2600-10. 10.1021\/j100842a024","journal-title":"J Phys Chem"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.1998.00146.x","article-title":"Structure of water, proteins, and lipids in intact human skin, hair, and nail","volume":"110","author":"Gniadecka M","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gniadecka M, Faurskov Nielsen O, Christensen DH, Wulf HC. Structure of water, proteins, and lipids in intact human skin, hair, and nail. J Invest Dermatol. 1998, 110:393-8. 10.1046\/j.1523-1747.1998.00146.x","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-4191-8_12","article-title":"Dielectric properties of skin","author":"Lahtinen T","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lahtinen T, Nuutinen J, Alanen E. Dielectric properties of skin. Radio frequency radiation dosimetry and its relationship to the biological effects of electromagnetic fields. Klauenberg BJ, Miklav\u010di\u010d D (ed): Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands; 2000. 82:97-8. 10.1007\/978-94-011-4191-8_12"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-097X.2012.01129.x","article-title":"Validity and interobserver agreement of lower extremity local tissue water measurements in healthy women using tissue dielectric constant","volume":"32","author":"Jensen MR","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jensen MR, Birkballe S, N\u00f8rregaard S, Karlsmark T. Validity and interobserver agreement of lower extremity local tissue water measurements in healthy women using tissue dielectric constant. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2012, 32:317-22. 10.1111\/j.1475-097X.2012.01129.x","journal-title":"Clin Physiol Funct Imaging"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-097X.2008.00844.x","article-title":"Suitability of single tissue dielectric constant measurements to assess local tissue water in normal and lymphedematous skin","volume":"29","author":"Mayrovitz HN","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mayrovitz HN, Davey S, Shapiro E. Suitability of single tissue dielectric constant measurements to assess local tissue water in normal and lymphedematous skin. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2009, 29:123-7. 10.1111\/j.1475-097X.2008.00844.x","journal-title":"Clin Physiol Funct Imaging"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-097X.2012.01163.x","article-title":"Forearm skin tissue dielectric constant measured at 300 MHz: effect of changes in skin vascular volume and blood flow","volume":"33","author":"Mayrovitz HN","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mayrovitz HN, Guo X, Salmon M, Uhde M. Forearm skin tissue dielectric constant measured at 300 MHz: effect of changes in skin vascular volume and blood flow. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2013, 33:55-61. 10.1111\/j.1475-097X.2012.01163.x","journal-title":"Clin Physiol Funct Imaging"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"Assessing free and bound water in skin at 300 MHz using tissue dielectric measurements with the moisturemeterd","author":"Mayrovitz HN","unstructured":"Mayrovitz HN. Assessing free and bound water in skin at 300 MHz using tissue dielectric measurements with the moisturemeterd. Lymphedema: presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. Springer, New York, USA; 133-48."},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-2019-001032","article-title":"Lower extremity lymphedema in patients with gynecologic malignancies","volume":"30","author":"Dessources K","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dessources K, Aviki E, Leitao MM Jr. Lower extremity lymphedema in patients with gynecologic malignancies. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2020, 30:252-60. 10.1136\/ijgc-2019-001032","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2019.11.014","article-title":"The clinical characteristics of lower extremity lymphedema in 440 patients","volume":"8","author":"Dean SM","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dean SM, Valenti E, Hock K, Leffler J, Compston A, Abraham WT. The clinical characteristics of lower extremity lymphedema in 440 patients. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2020, 8:851-9. 10.1016\/j.jvsv.2019.11.014","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000006520","article-title":"Regional patterns of fluid and fat accumulation in patients with lower extremity lymphedema using magnetic resonance angiography","volume":"145","author":"Dayan JH","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dayan JH, Wiser I, Verma R, et al.. Regional patterns of fluid and fat accumulation in patients with lower extremity lymphedema using magnetic resonance angiography. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2020, 145:555-63. 10.1097\/PRS.0000000000006520","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2016.0004","article-title":"Distribution of extracellular fluid in legs with venous edema and lymphedema","volume":"14","author":"Suehiro K","year":"2016","unstructured":"Suehiro K, Morikage N, Yamashita O, et al.. Distribution of extracellular fluid in legs with venous edema and lymphedema. Lymphat Res Biol. 2016, 14:156-61. 10.1089\/lrb.2016.0004","journal-title":"Lymphat Res Biol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2009.0008","article-title":"Local tissue water in at-risk and contralateral forearms of women with and without breast cancer treatment-related lymphedema","volume":"7","author":"Mayrovitz HN","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mayrovitz HN, Weingrad DN, Davey S. Local tissue water in at-risk and contralateral forearms of women with and without breast cancer treatment-related lymphedema. Lymphat Res Biol. 2009, 7:153-8. 10.1089\/lrb.2009.0008","journal-title":"Lymphat Res Biol"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/101542-tissue-dielectric-constant-of-the-lower-leg-as-an-index-of-skin-water-temporal-variations","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T19:44:01Z","timestamp":1707507841000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/101542-tissue-dielectric-constant-of-the-lower-leg-as-an-index-of-skin-water-temporal-variations"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]},"references-count":35,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.26506","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]}}}