{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T16:54:36Z","timestamp":1791651276964,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.26905","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,16]],"date-time":"2022-07-16T06:00:47Z","timestamp":1657951247000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Gastrointestinal Lesions and Its Associated Factors in Adult Males With Iron Deficiency Anaemia: A Cross-Sectional Study From Tertiary Care Centre of North India"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Aishwarya","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rohit","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajesh","family":"Ranjan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.228874","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of iron deficiency anaemia","volume":"60","author":"Goddard AF","year":"2011","unstructured":"Goddard AF, James MW, McIntyre AS, Scott BB. Guidelines for the management of iron deficiency anaemia. Gut. 2011, 60:1309-16. 10.1136\/gut.2010.228874","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"National Family Health Survey (NFHS4) 2015\u201116","author":"Ministry of Health and Family Welfare","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. National Family Health Survey (NFHS4) 2015\u201116. Government of India (ed): International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai; 2017."},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Audit of investigations in patients with iron deficiency anaemia","volume":"44","author":"Luman W","year":"2003","unstructured":"Luman W, Ng KL. Audit of investigations in patients with iron deficiency anaemia. Singapore Med J. 2003, 44:504-10.","journal-title":"Singapore Med J"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.15.4644","article-title":"A short review of malabsorption and anemia","volume":"15","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Ba\u00f1ares F","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Ba\u00f1ares F, Monz\u00f3n H, Forn\u00e9 M. A short review of malabsorption and anemia. World J Gastroenterol. 2009, 15:4644-52. 10.3748\/wjg.15.4644","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"Occult and obscure bleeding, iron deficiency anemia and other gastrointestinal stories (Review)","volume":"15","author":"Marignani M","year":"2005","unstructured":"Marignani M, Angeletti S, Filippi L, Danieli R, Schillaci O. Occult and obscure bleeding, iron deficiency anemia and other gastrointestinal stories (Review). Int J Mol Med. 2005, 15:129-35.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2014.00083","article-title":"Iron deficiency in the elderly population, revisited in the hepcidin era","volume":"5","author":"Busti F","year":"2014","unstructured":"Busti F, Campostrini N, Martinelli N, Girelli D. Iron deficiency in the elderly population, revisited in the hepcidin era. Front Pharmacol. 2014, 5:83. 10.3389\/fphar.2014.00083","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Anemia of gastrointestinal origin in the elderly","volume":"26","author":"Dharmarajan TS","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dharmarajan TS, Bullecer MLF, Pitchumoni CS. Anemia of gastrointestinal origin in the elderly. Pract Gastroenterol. 2015, 26:22-36.","journal-title":"Pract Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2010.151","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of iron deficiency anemia in patients with IBD","volume":"7","author":"Stein J","year":"2010","unstructured":"Stein J, Hartmann F, Dignass AU. Diagnosis and management of iron deficiency anemia in patients with IBD. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010, 7:599-610. 10.1038\/nrgastro.2010.151","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20285","article-title":"Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of iron deficiency and anemia in inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"13","author":"Gasche C","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gasche C, Berstad A, Befrits R, et al.. Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of iron deficiency and anemia in inflammatory bowel diseases. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2007, 13:1545-53. 10.1002\/ibd.20285","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.15.4659","article-title":"Anemia and inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"15","author":"Gomoll\u00f3n F","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gomoll\u00f3n F, Gisbert JP. Anemia and inflammatory bowel diseases. World J Gastroenterol. 2009, 15:4659-65. 10.3748\/wjg.15.4659","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00908.x","article-title":"Should patients with anemia and low normal or normal serum ferritin undergo colonoscopy?","volume":"102","author":"Sawhney MS","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sawhney MS, Lipato T, Nelson DB, Lederle FA, Rector TS, Bond JH. Should patients with anemia and low normal or normal serum ferritin undergo colonoscopy?. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007, 102:82-8. 10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00908.x","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000072410","article-title":"Iron deficiency anemia in the elderly: prevalence and endoscopic evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract in outpatients","volume":"110","author":"Coban E","year":"2003","unstructured":"Coban E, Timuragaoglu A, Meri\u00e7 M. Iron deficiency anemia in the elderly: prevalence and endoscopic evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract in outpatients. Acta Haematol. 2003, 110:25-8. 10.1159\/000072410","journal-title":"Acta Haematol"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"Synchronous upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy is an effective method of investigating iron-deficiency anaemia","volume":"84","author":"Hardwick RH","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hardwick RH, Armstrong CP. Synchronous upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy is an effective method of investigating iron-deficiency anaemia. Br J Surg. 1997, 84:1725-8.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-200402000-00004","article-title":"Gastrointestinal endoscopic evaluation of premenopausal women with iron deficiency anemia","volume":"38","author":"Green BT","year":"2004","unstructured":"Green BT, Rockey DC. Gastrointestinal endoscopic evaluation of premenopausal women with iron deficiency anemia. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2004, 38:104-9. 10.1097\/00004836-200402000-00004","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.00780.x","article-title":"A prospective, multidisciplinary evaluation of premenopausal women with iron-deficiency anemia","volume":"94","author":"Kepczyk T","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kepczyk T, Cremins JE, Long BD, et al.. A prospective, multidisciplinary evaluation of premenopausal women with iron-deficiency anemia. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999, 94:109-15. 10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.00780.x","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.20260","article-title":"Predictive risk factors and prevalence of malignancy in patients with iron deficiency anemia in Taiwan","volume":"78","author":"Ho CH","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ho CH, Chau WK, Hsu HC, Gau JP, You JY, Chen CC. Predictive risk factors and prevalence of malignancy in patients with iron deficiency anemia in Taiwan. Am J Hematol. 2005, 78:108-12. 10.1002\/ajh.20260","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9343(01)00883-x","article-title":"Gastrointestinal cause of refractory iron deficiency anemia in patients without gastrointestinal symptoms","volume":"111","author":"Annibale B","year":"2001","unstructured":"Annibale B, Capurso G, Chistolini A, et al.. Gastrointestinal cause of refractory iron deficiency anemia in patients without gastrointestinal symptoms. Am J Med. 2001, 111:439-45. 10.1016\/s0002-9343(01)00883-x","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.292.6532.1380","article-title":"Gastrointestinal investigation of iron deficiency anaemia","volume":"292","author":"Cook IJ","year":"1986","unstructured":"Cook IJ, Pavli P, Riley JW, Goulston KJ, Dent OF. Gastrointestinal investigation of iron deficiency anaemia. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1986, 292:1380-2. 10.1136\/bmj.292.6532.1380","journal-title":"Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i7.886","article-title":"Does Helicobacter pylori infection play a role in iron deficiency anemia? A meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Qu XH","year":"2010","unstructured":"Qu XH, Huang XL, Xiong P, et al.. Does Helicobacter pylori infection play a role in iron deficiency anemia? A meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol. 2010, 16:886-96. 10.3748\/wjg.v16.i7.886","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.175.2.557-560.1993","article-title":"The Helicobacter pylori 19.6-kilodalton protein is an iron-containing protein resembling ferritin","volume":"175","author":"Doig P","year":"1993","unstructured":"Doig P, Austin JW, Trust TJ. The Helicobacter pylori 19.6-kilodalton protein is an iron-containing protein resembling ferritin. J Bacteriol. 1993, 175:557-60. 10.1128\/jb.175.2.557-560.1993","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02983815","article-title":"Iron deficiency anemia as the only sign of infection with Helicobacter pylori: a report of 9 pediatric cases","volume":"78","author":"Russo-Mancuso G","year":"2003","unstructured":"Russo-Mancuso G, Branciforte F, Licciardello M, La Spina M. Iron deficiency anemia as the only sign of infection with Helicobacter pylori: a report of 9 pediatric cases. Int J Hematol. 2003, 78:429-31. 10.1007\/BF02983815","journal-title":"Int J Hematol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.3.286","article-title":"Prevalence of celiac disease in at-risk and not-at-risk groups in the United States: a large multicenter study","volume":"163","author":"Fasano A","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fasano A, Berti I, Gerarduzzi T, et al.. Prevalence of celiac disease in at-risk and not-at-risk groups in the United States: a large multicenter study. Arch Intern Med. 2003, 163:286-92. 10.1001\/archinte.163.3.286","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mcg.0000139034.38568.51","article-title":"The usefulness of routine small bowel biopsies in evaluation of iron deficiency anemia","volume":"38","author":"Grisolano SW","year":"2004","unstructured":"Grisolano SW, Oxentenko AS, Murray JA, Burgart LJ, Dierkhising RA, Alexander JA. The usefulness of routine small bowel biopsies in evaluation of iron deficiency anemia. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2004, 38:756-60. 10.1097\/01.mcg.0000139034.38568.51","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01332.x","article-title":"Lack of colonic neoplastic lesions in patients under 50 yr of age with hematochezia: a multicenter prospective study","volume":"102","author":"Spinzi G","year":"2007","unstructured":"Spinzi G, Fante MD, Masci E, et al.. Lack of colonic neoplastic lesions in patients under 50 yr of age with hematochezia: a multicenter prospective study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007, 102:2011-5. 10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01332.x","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.6536","article-title":"Colonoscopic evaluation of minimal rectal bleeding in average-risk patients for colorectal cancer","volume":"14","author":"Nikpour S","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nikpour S, Asgari AA. Colonoscopic evaluation of minimal rectal bleeding in average-risk patients for colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 2008, 14:6536-40. 10.3748\/wjg.14.6536","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.21740","article-title":"Prevalence and management of anemia in children, adolescents, and adults with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"18","author":"Goodhand JR","year":"2012","unstructured":"Goodhand JR, Kamperidis N, Rao A, et al.. Prevalence and management of anemia in children, adolescents, and adults with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2012, 18:513-9. 10.1002\/ibd.21740","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.8.30","article-title":"Identification of clinical and simple laboratory variables predicting responsible gastrointestinal lesions in patients with iron deficiency anemia","volume":"8","author":"Serefhanoglu S","year":"2010","unstructured":"Serefhanoglu S, Buyukasik Y, Emmungil H, et al.. Identification of clinical and simple laboratory variables predicting responsible gastrointestinal lesions in patients with iron deficiency anemia. Int J Med Sci. 2010, 8:30-8. 10.7150\/ijms.8.30","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.1998.00274.x","article-title":"Iron absorption in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome treated with long-term gastric acid antisecretory therapy","volume":"12","author":"Stewart CA","year":"1998","unstructured":"Stewart CA, Termanini B, Sutliff VE, Serrano J, Yu F, Gibril F, Jensen RT. Iron absorption in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome treated with long-term gastric acid antisecretory therapy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1998, 12:83-98. 10.1046\/j.1365-2036.1998.00274.x","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.04.014","article-title":"Long-term safety concerns with proton pump inhibitors","volume":"122","author":"Ali T","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ali T, Roberts DN, Tierney WM. Long-term safety concerns with proton pump inhibitors. Am J Med. 2009, 122:896-903. 10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.04.014","journal-title":"Am J Med"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/96658-gastrointestinal-lesions-and-its-associated-factors-in-adult-males-with-iron-deficiency-anaemia-a-cross-sectional-study-from-tertiary-care-centre-of-north-india","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T19:44:35Z","timestamp":1707507875000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/96658-gastrointestinal-lesions-and-its-associated-factors-in-adult-males-with-iron-deficiency-anaemia-a-cross-sectional-study-from-tertiary-care-centre-of-north-india"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]]},"references-count":29,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.26905","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]]}}}