{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T03:42:01Z","timestamp":1764906121090},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.29145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T08:46:27Z","timestamp":1663145187000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["MRI Findings and Topographic Distribution of Lesions in Metronidazole-Induced Encephalopathy"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Ambreen","family":"Fatima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sachin","family":"Khanduri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sadaf","family":"Sultana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Surbhi","family":".","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saim A","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashkrit","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vaibhav","family":"Pathak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohsin","family":"Mulani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salma","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tanya","family":"Bansal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2019.11.002","article-title":"Acute metronidazole-induced neurotoxicity: an update on MRI findings","volume":"75","author":"Patel L","year":"2020","unstructured":"Patel L, Batchala P, Almardawi R, Morales R, Raghavan P. Acute metronidazole-induced neurotoxicity: an update on MRI findings. Clin Radiol. 2020, 75:202-8. 10.1016\/j.crad.2019.11.002","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A0655","article-title":"MR imaging of metronidazole-induced encephalopathy: lesion distribution and diffusion-weighted imaging findings","volume":"28","author":"Kim E","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kim E, Na DG, Kim EY, Kim JH, Son KR, Chang KH. MR imaging of metronidazole-induced encephalopathy: lesion distribution and diffusion-weighted imaging findings. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2007, 28:1652-8. 10.3174\/ajnr.A0655","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/ni.2016.6365","article-title":"Metronidazole-induced cerebellar toxicity","volume":"8","author":"Agarwal A","year":"2016","unstructured":"Agarwal A, Kanekar S, Sabat S, Thamburaj K. Metronidazole-induced cerebellar toxicity. Neurol Int. 2016, 8:6365. 10.4081\/ni.2016.6365","journal-title":"Neurol Int"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2016\/19032.8054","article-title":"Clinical and neuroradiological spectrum of metronidazole induced encephalopathy: our experience and the review of literature","volume":"10","author":"Roy U","year":"2016","unstructured":"Roy U, Panwar A, Pandit A, Das SK, Joshi B. Clinical and neuroradiological spectrum of metronidazole induced encephalopathy: our experience and the review of literature. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016, 10:OE01-9. 10.7860\/JCDR\/2016\/19032.8054","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5138","article-title":"Dentate update: imaging features of entities that affect the dentate nucleus","volume":"38","author":"Bond KM","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bond KM, Brinjikji W, Eckel LJ, Kallmes DF, McDonald RJ, Carr CM. Dentate update: imaging features of entities that affect the dentate nucleus. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2017, 38:1467-74. 10.3174\/ajnr.A5138","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_201901_16788","article-title":"Therapeutic uses of metronidazole and its side effects: an update","volume":"23","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez Ceruelos A","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez Ceruelos A, Romero-Quezada LC, Ruvalcaba Ledezma JC, L\u00f3pez Contreras L. Therapeutic uses of metronidazole and its side effects: an update. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2019, 23:397-401. 10.26355\/eurrev_201901_16788","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-014-0102-9","article-title":"Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy: not always a reversible situation","volume":"22","author":"Hobbs K","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hobbs K, Stern-Nezer S, Buckwalter MS, Fischbein N, Finley Caulfield A. Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy: not always a reversible situation. Neurocrit Care. 2015, 22:429-36. 10.1007\/s12028-014-0102-9","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2017-223463","article-title":"Reversible metronidazole-induced neurotoxicity after 10 weeks of therapy","volume":"2018","author":"AlDhaleei W","year":"2018","unstructured":"AlDhaleei W, AlMarzooqi A, Gaber N. Reversible metronidazole-induced neurotoxicity after 10 weeks of therapy. BMJ Case Rep. 2018, 2018:10.1136\/bcr-2017-223463","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2015-212609","article-title":"MR features of metronidazole-induced encephalopathy","volume":"2015","author":"Sandip S","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sandip S, Afshan I, Khandelwal RK. MR features of metronidazole-induced encephalopathy. BMJ Case Rep. 2015, 2015:10.1136\/bcr-2015-212609","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2018-227804","article-title":"Garbled speech: a rare presentation of metronidazole-induced neurotoxicity","volume":"12","author":"Cheema MA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cheema MA, Salman F, Ullah W, Zain MA. Garbled speech: a rare presentation of metronidazole-induced neurotoxicity. BMJ Case Rep. 2019, 12:10.1136\/bcr-2018-227804","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.88a.21007","article-title":"Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy: symmetrical hyperintensity on imaging","volume":"88","author":"Matsuura H","year":"2021","unstructured":"Matsuura H, Katayama T, Deguchi K. Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy: symmetrical hyperintensity on imaging. Cleve Clin J Med. 2021, 88:651-2. 10.3949\/ccjm.88a.21007","journal-title":"Cleve Clin J Med"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.60.12.1796","article-title":"Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy and inferior olivary hypertrophy: lesion analysis with diffusion-weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient maps","volume":"60","author":"Seok JI","year":"2003","unstructured":"Seok JI, Yi H, Song YM, Lee WY. Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy and inferior olivary hypertrophy: lesion analysis with diffusion-weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient maps. Arch Neurol. 2003, 60:1796-800. 10.1001\/archneur.60.12.1796","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/209258","article-title":"Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy in a patient with end-stage liver disease","volume":"2012","author":"Knorr JP","year":"2012","unstructured":"Knorr JP, Javed I, Sahni N, Cankurtaran CZ, Ortiz JA. Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy in a patient with end-stage liver disease. Case Reports Hepatol. 2012, 2012:209258. 10.1155\/2012\/209258","journal-title":"Case Reports Hepatol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2012.52.3.273","article-title":"Atypical metronidazole-induced encephalopathy in anaerobic brain abscess","volume":"52","author":"Jang HJ","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jang HJ, Sim SY, Lee JY, Bang JH. Atypical metronidazole-induced encephalopathy in anaerobic brain abscess. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2012, 52:273-6. 10.3340\/jkns.2012.52.3.273","journal-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5217\/ir.2017.15.1.124","article-title":"Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy in a patient with Crohn's disease","volume":"15","author":"Kim J","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim J, Chun J, Park JY, et al.. Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy in a patient with Crohn's disease. Intest Res. 2017, 15:124-9. 10.5217\/ir.2017.15.1.124","journal-title":"Intest Res"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33588\/rn.6901.2018501","article-title":"[Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy: description of a case with radiological and anatomopathological findings]","volume":"69","author":"Gonzalez-Nafria N","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gonzalez-Nafria N, Rojo-Lopez A, Martinez-Velasco E, Gonzalez-Gonzalez D, de la Fuente-Bobillo MA, Tola-Arribas MA, Ortega-Valin F. [Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy: description of a case with radiological and anatomopathological findings]. Rev Neurol. 2019, 69:27-31. 10.33588\/rn.6901.2018501","journal-title":"Rev Neurol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1594\/EURORAD\/CASE.15996","article-title":"Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy: case report and literature review","author":"Ollero JM","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ollero JM, Jurado JC, Borreg\u00f3n BS, Schulke CM, Abad\u00eda LG. Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy: case report and literature review. Eurorad. 2018, 10.1594\/EURORAD\/CASE.15996","journal-title":"Eurorad"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2017160085","article-title":"Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum that show restricted diffusion: mechanisms, causes, and manifestations","volume":"37","author":"Starkey J","year":"2017","unstructured":"Starkey J, Kobayashi N, Numaguchi Y, Moritani T. Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum that show restricted diffusion: mechanisms, causes, and manifestations. Radiographics. 2017, 37:562-76. 10.1148\/rg.2017160085","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3941\/jrcr.v13i9.3739","article-title":"Metronidazole induced encephalopathy: case report and discussion on the differential diagnoses, in particular, Wernicke's encephalopathy","volume":"13","author":"Hou W","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hou W, Yiin RS, Goh CK. Metronidazole induced encephalopathy: case report and discussion on the differential diagnoses, in particular, Wernicke's encephalopathy. J Radiol Case Rep. 2019, 13:1-7. 10.3941\/jrcr.v13i9.3739","journal-title":"J Radiol Case Rep"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30470-2","article-title":"Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria","volume":"17","author":"Thompson AJ","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thompson AJ, Banwell BL, Barkhof F, et al.. Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria. Lancet Neurol. 2018, 17:162-73. 10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30470-2","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/sajr.v25i1.2016","article-title":"Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy","volume":"25","author":"Lala VG","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lala VG, Bobat B, Haagensen M, Kathan P, Mahomed A. Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy. SA J Radiol. 2021, 25:2016. 10.4102\/sajr.v25i1.2016","journal-title":"SA J Radiol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-3026.69355","article-title":"Case report: MRI of the brain in metronidazole toxicity","volume":"20","author":"Kalia V","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kalia V, Vibhuti, Saggar K. Case report: MRI of the brain in metronidazole toxicity. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2010, 20:195-7. 10.4103\/0971-3026.69355","journal-title":"Indian J Radiol Imaging"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/108931-mri-findings-and-topographic-distribution-of-lesions-in-metronidazole-induced-encephalopathy","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T19:46:50Z","timestamp":1707508010000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/108931-mri-findings-and-topographic-distribution-of-lesions-in-metronidazole-induced-encephalopathy"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]},"references-count":22,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.29145","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]}}}