{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T22:08:47Z","timestamp":1774562927382,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.31223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T06:32:27Z","timestamp":1667889147000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Migraine and Neuromodulation: A Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Varun","family":"Tiwari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sachin","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine","author":"Fauci","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fauci, Anthony S. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. Jameson J, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, et al. (ed): McGraw-Hill Medical, New York, NY; 2015."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-016-0577-5","article-title":"Current approaches to neuromodulation in primary headaches: focus on vagal nerve and sphenopalatine ganglion stimulation","volume":"20","author":"Puledda F","year":"2016","unstructured":"Puledda F, Goadsby PJ. Current approaches to neuromodulation in primary headaches: focus on vagal nerve and sphenopalatine ganglion stimulation. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2016, 20:47. 10.1007\/s11916-016-0577-5","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/aapm.103624","article-title":"Endoscopic neuromodulation of suprascapular nerve in chronic shoulder pain: a case report","volume":"10","author":"Divizia M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Divizia M, Germani G, Urti I, Imani F, Varrassi G, Meloncelli S.  Endoscopic neuromodulation of suprascapular nerve in chronic shoulder pain: a case report. Anesth Pain Med. 2020, 10:e103624. 10.5812\/aapm.103624","journal-title":"Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0317167100000147","article-title":"Pathophysiology of migraine--new insights","volume":"26 Suppl 3","author":"Hargreaves RJ","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hargreaves RJ, Shepheard SL. Pathophysiology of migraine--new insights. Can J Neurol Sci. 1999, 26 Suppl 3:S12-9. 10.1017\/s0317167100000147","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"The role of serotonin in the pathophysiology of migraine (Article in Polish)","volume":"Suppl 2","author":"Szczudlik A","year":"1992","unstructured":"Szczudlik A. The role of serotonin in the pathophysiology of migraine (Article in Polish). Neurol Neurochir Pol. 1992, Suppl 2:14-27.","journal-title":"Neurol Neurochir Pol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.49.3.650","article-title":"Dopamine and migraine","volume":"49","author":"Peroutka SJ","year":"1997","unstructured":"Peroutka SJ. Dopamine and migraine. Neurology. 1997, 49:650-6. 10.1212\/wnl.49.3.650","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-004-0295-3","article-title":"Pathophysiology of migraine","volume":"25 Suppl 3","author":"Bussone G","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bussone G. Pathophysiology of migraine. Neurol Sci. 2004, 25 Suppl 3:S239-41. 10.1007\/s10072-004-0295-3","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1995.hed3507387.x","article-title":"Migraine symptoms: results of a survey of self-reported migraineurs","volume":"35","author":"Silberstein SD","year":"1995","unstructured":"Silberstein SD. Migraine symptoms: results of a survey of self-reported migraineurs. Headache. 1995, 35:387-96. 10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1995.hed3507387.x","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000184477.11569.17","article-title":"Chronic migraine is an earlier stage of transformed migraine in adults","volume":"65","author":"Bigal ME","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bigal ME, Rapoport AM, Sheftell FD, Tepper SJ, Lipton RB. Chronic migraine is an earlier stage of transformed migraine in adults. Neurology. 2005, 65:1556-61. 10.1212\/01.wnl.0000184477.11569.17","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17712\/nsj.2016.3.20150506","article-title":"New advances in prevention of migraine. Review of current practice and recent advances","volume":"21","author":"Al-Quliti KW","year":"2016","unstructured":"Al-Quliti KW, Assaedi ES. New advances in prevention of migraine. Review of current practice and recent advances. Neurosciences (Riyadh). 2016, 21:207-14. 10.17712\/nsj.2016.3.20150506","journal-title":"Neurosciences (Riyadh)"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13543784.2017.1280457","article-title":"Lasmiditan for the treatment of migraine","volume":"26","author":"Capi M","year":"2017","unstructured":"Capi M, de Andr\u00e9s F, Lionetto L, et al.. Lasmiditan for the treatment of migraine. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2017, 26:227-34. 10.1080\/13543784.2017.1280457","journal-title":"Expert Opin Investig Drugs"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"Emerging treatment options for migraine","volume":"49","author":"Zhao YJ","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhao YJ, Ong JJ, Goadsby PJ. Emerging treatment options for migraine. Ann Acad Med Singap. 2020, 49:226-35.","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singap"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-137-10-200211190-00014","article-title":"Pharmacologic management of acute attacks of migraine and prevention of migraine headache","volume":"137","author":"Snow V","year":"2002","unstructured":"Snow V, Weiss K, Wall EM, Mottur-Pilson C. Pharmacologic management of acute attacks of migraine and prevention of migraine headache. Ann Intern Med. 2002, 137:840-9. 10.7326\/0003-4819-137-10-200211190-00014","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-374248-3.00002-1","article-title":"What is neuromodulation?","author":"Krames ES","year":"2009","unstructured":"Krames ES, Peckham PH, Rezai A, Aboelsaad F. What is neuromodulation?. Neuromodulation. Krames ES, Peckham PH, Rezai A (ed): Academic Press, Washington, DC; 2009. 1:1088. 10.1016\/B978-0-12-374248-3.00002-1"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000154","article-title":"Self-reports of medication side effects and pain-related activity interference in patients with chronic pain: a longitudinal cohort study","volume":"156","author":"Martel MO","year":"2015","unstructured":"Martel MO, Finan PH, Dolman AJ, Subramanian S, Edwards RR, Wasan AD, Jamison RN. Self-reports of medication side effects and pain-related activity interference in patients with chronic pain: a longitudinal cohort study. Pain. 2015, 156:1092-100. 10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000154","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pme.12792","article-title":"Neurostimulation for treatment of migraine and cluster headache","volume":"16","author":"Schwedt TJ","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schwedt TJ, Vargas B. Neurostimulation for treatment of migraine and cluster headache. Pain Med. 2015, 16:1827-34. 10.1111\/pme.12792","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1129-2377-14-86","article-title":"Neuromodulation of chronic headaches: position statement from the European Headache Federation","volume":"14","author":"Martelletti P","year":"2013","unstructured":"Martelletti P, Jensen RH, Antal A, et al.. Neuromodulation of chronic headaches: position statement from the European Headache Federation. J Headache Pain. 2013, 14:86. 10.1186\/1129-2377-14-86","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-14121-9","article-title":"Neuromodulation in headache and facial pain management: principles, rationale and clinical data","author":"Lambru G","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lambru G, Michel LM. Neuromodulation in headache and facial pain management: principles, rationale and clinical data. Lambru G, Michel LM (ed): Springer International Publishing, Switzerland; 2020. 10.1007\/978-3-030-14121-9"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2014.02.009","article-title":"Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation as treatment for trigeminal allodynia","volume":"155","author":"Oshinsky ML","year":"2014","unstructured":"Oshinsky ML, Murphy AL, Hekierski H Jr, Cooper M, Simon BJ. Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation as treatment for trigeminal allodynia. Pain. 2014, 155:1037-42. 10.1016\/j.pain.2014.02.009","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-018-0623-6","article-title":"Non-pharmacological approaches for migraine","volume":"15","author":"Puledda F","year":"2018","unstructured":"Puledda F, Shields K. Non-pharmacological approaches for migraine. Neurotherapeutics. 2018, 15:336-45. 10.1007\/s13311-018-0623-6","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2018-320113","article-title":"Non-invasive neuromodulation for migraine and cluster headache: a systematic review of clinical trials","volume":"90","author":"Reuter U","year":"2019","unstructured":"Reuter U, McClure C, Liebler E, Pozo-Rosich P. Non-invasive neuromodulation for migraine and cluster headache: a systematic review of clinical trials. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2019, 90:796-804. 10.1136\/jnnp-2018-320113","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aww118","article-title":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation and potential cortical and trigeminothalamic mechanisms in migraine","volume":"139","author":"Andreou AP","year":"2016","unstructured":"Andreou AP, Holland PR, Akerman S, Summ O, Fredrick J, Goadsby PJ. Transcranial magnetic stimulation and potential cortical and trigeminothalamic mechanisms in migraine. Brain. 2016, 139:2002-14. 10.1093\/brain\/aww118","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2010.03.002","article-title":"Transcranial magnetic simulation in the treatment of migraine","volume":"7","author":"Lipton RB","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lipton RB, Pearlman SH. Transcranial magnetic simulation in the treatment of migraine. Neurotherapeutics. 2010, 7:204-12. 10.1016\/j.nurt.2010.03.002","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.192","article-title":"Cortical spreading depression and migraine","volume":"9","author":"Charles AC","year":"2013","unstructured":"Charles AC, Baca SM. Cortical spreading depression and migraine. Nat Rev Neurol. 2013, 9:637-44. 10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.192","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-015-0535-3","article-title":"Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (sTMS) for the acute treatment of migraine: evaluation of outcome data for the UK post market pilot program","volume":"16","author":"Bhola R","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bhola R, Kinsella E, Giffin N, Lipscombe S, Ahmed F, Weatherall M, Goadsby PJ. Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (sTMS) for the acute treatment of migraine: evaluation of outcome data for the UK post market pilot program. J Headache Pain. 2015, 16:535. 10.1186\/s10194-015-0535-3","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70054-5","article-title":"Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation for acute treatment of migraine with aura: a randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, sham-controlled trial.","volume":"9","author":"Lipton RB","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lipton RB, Dodick DW, Silberstein SD, et al.. Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation for acute treatment of migraine with aura: a randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, sham-controlled trial. .  Lancet Neurol. 2010, 9:373-80. 10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70054-5","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-021-00988-7","article-title":"Update of neuromodulation in chronic migraine","volume":"25","author":"Yuan H","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yuan H, Chuang TY. Update of neuromodulation in chronic migraine. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2021, 25:71. 10.1007\/s11916-021-00988-7","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.2002.00387.x","article-title":"Vagal nerve stimulation aborts migraine in patient with intractable epilepsy","volume":"22","author":"Sadler RM","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sadler RM, Purdy RA, Rahey S. Vagal nerve stimulation aborts migraine in patient with intractable epilepsy. Cephalalgia. 2002, 22:482-4. 10.1046\/j.1468-2982.2002.00387.x","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2013.01.011","article-title":"CNS BOLD fMRI effects of sham-controlled transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in the left outer auditory canal - a pilot study","volume":"6","author":"Kraus T","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kraus T, Kiess O, H\u00f6sl K, Terekhin P, Kornhuber J, Forster C. CNS BOLD fMRI effects of sham-controlled transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in the left outer auditory canal - a pilot study. Brain Stimul. 2013, 6:798-804. 10.1016\/j.brs.2013.01.011","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2008.01538.x","article-title":"Can vagus nerve stimulation help migraine?","volume":"28","author":"Lenaerts ME","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lenaerts ME, Oommen KJ, Couch JR, Skaggs V. Can vagus nerve stimulation help migraine?. Cephalalgia. 2008, 28:392-5. 10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2008.01538.x","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0b013e3181d64d8a","article-title":"Overview of the clinical applications of vagus nerve stimulation","volume":"27","author":"Beekwilder JP","year":"2010","unstructured":"Beekwilder JP, Beems T. Overview of the clinical applications of vagus nerve stimulation. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2010, 27:130-8. 10.1097\/WNP.0b013e3181d64d8a","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"The emerging role of gammaCore\u00ae in the management of cluster headache: expert panel recommendations","volume":"23","author":"Silberstein SD","year":"2017","unstructured":"Silberstein SD, Calhoun AH, Treppendahl C, et al.. The emerging role of gammaCore\u00ae in the management of cluster headache: expert panel recommendations. Am J Manag Care. 2017, 23:S326-33.","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005857","article-title":"Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation as acute therapy for migraine: the randomized PRESTO study","volume":"91","author":"Tassorelli C","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tassorelli C, Grazzi L, de Tommaso M, et al.. Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation as acute therapy for migraine: the randomized PRESTO study. Neurology. 2018, 91:e364-73. 10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005857","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/aapm.110515","article-title":"Peripheral neuromodulation for the management of headache","volume":"10","author":"Urits I","year":"2020","unstructured":"Urits I, Schwartz R, Smoots D, et al.. Peripheral neuromodulation for the management of headache. Anesth Pain Med. 2020, 10:e110515. 10.5812\/aapm.110515","journal-title":"Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-017-0869-3","article-title":"Clinical experience with transcutaneous supraorbital nerve stimulation in patients with refractory migraine or with migraine and intolerance to topiramate: a prospective exploratory clinical study","volume":"17","author":"Vikelis M","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vikelis M, Dermitzakis EV, Spingos KC, Vasiliadis GG, Vlachos GS, Kararizou E. Clinical experience with transcutaneous supraorbital nerve stimulation in patients with refractory migraine or with migraine and intolerance to topiramate: a prospective exploratory clinical study. BMC Neurol. 2017, 17:97. 10.1186\/s12883-017-0869-3","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-11-135","article-title":"Supraorbital transcutaneous neurostimulation has sedative effects in healthy subjects","volume":"11","author":"Piquet M","year":"2011","unstructured":"Piquet M, Balestra C, Sava SL, Schoenen JE. Supraorbital transcutaneous neurostimulation has sedative effects in healthy subjects. BMC Neurol. 2011, 11:135. 10.1186\/1471-2377-11-135","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2015-001298","article-title":"Neurostimulation in the treatment of primary headaches","volume":"16","author":"Miller S","year":"2016","unstructured":"Miller S, Sinclair AJ, Davies B, Matharu M. Neurostimulation in the treatment of primary headaches. Pract Neurol. 2016, 16:362-75. 10.1136\/practneurol-2015-001298","journal-title":"Pract Neurol"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.6.FOCUS13233","article-title":"Dual occipital and supraorbital nerve stimulation for chronic migraine: a single-center experience, review of literature, and surgical considerations","volume":"35","author":"Hann S","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hann S, Sharan A. Dual occipital and supraorbital nerve stimulation for chronic migraine: a single-center experience, review of literature, and surgical considerations. Neurosurg Focus. 2013, 35:E9. 10.3171\/2013.6.FOCUS13233","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1368-5031.2005.00612.x","article-title":"Topiramate 100 mg\/day in migraine prevention: a pooled analysis of double-blind randomised controlled trials","volume":"59","author":"Bussone G","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bussone G, Diener HC, Pfeil J, Schwalen S. Topiramate 100 mg\/day in migraine prevention: a pooled analysis of double-blind randomised controlled trials. Int J Clin Pract. 2005, 59:961-8. 10.1111\/j.1368-5031.2005.00612.x","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-015-0039-5","article-title":"Transcutaneous supraorbital nerve stimulation (t-SNS) with the Cefaly\u00ae device for migraine prevention: a review of the available data","volume":"4","author":"Riederer F","year":"2015","unstructured":"Riederer F, Penning S, Schoenen J. Transcutaneous supraorbital nerve stimulation (t-SNS) with the Cefaly\u00ae device for migraine prevention: a review of the available data. Pain Ther. 2015, 4:135-47. 10.1007\/s40122-015-0039-5","journal-title":"Pain Ther"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/116674-migraine-and-neuromodulation-a-literature-review","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T19:41:21Z","timestamp":1707507681000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/116674-migraine-and-neuromodulation-a-literature-review"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]]},"references-count":40,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.31223","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]]}}}