{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T22:09:33Z","timestamp":1768946973361,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.31483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T14:36:26Z","timestamp":1668436586000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Cardiac Rehabilitation and Cardiopulmonary Fitness in Children and Young Adults With Congenital Heart Diseases: A Critically Appraised Topic"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Ayoola","family":"Awosika","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela R","family":"Hillman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard M","family":"Millis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mayowa J","family":"Adeniyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2013-303826","article-title":"Paediatric exercise training in prevention and treatment","volume":"99","author":"Pieles GE","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pieles GE, Horn R, Williams CA, Stuart AG. Paediatric exercise training in prevention and treatment. Arch Dis Child. 2014, 99:380-5. 10.1136\/archdischild-2013-303826","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0735-1097(02)01886-7","article-title":"The incidence of congenital heart disease","volume":"39","author":"Hoffman JI","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hoffman JI, Kaplan S. The incidence of congenital heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002, 39:1890-900. 10.1016\/s0735-1097(02)01886-7","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201611-876FR","article-title":"Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in adult congenital heart disease","volume":"14","author":"Mantegazza V","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mantegazza V, Apostolo A, Hager A. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in adult congenital heart disease. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2017, 14:S93-S101. 10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201611-876FR","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjr.0000220574.22195.d6","article-title":"Recommendations for participation in competitive and leisure sports in patients with congenital heart disease: a consensus document","volume":"13","author":"Hirth A","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hirth A, Reybrouck T, Bjarnason-Wehrens B, et al.. Recommendations for participation in competitive and leisure sports in patients with congenital heart disease: a consensus document. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2006, 13:293-9. 10.1097\/01.hjr.0000220574.22195.d6","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.cj-13-0007","article-title":"Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and exercise training in primary and secondary coronary prevention","volume":"77","author":"Swift DL","year":"2013","unstructured":"Swift DL, Lavie CJ, Johannsen NM, et al.. Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and exercise training in primary and secondary coronary prevention. Circ J. 2013, 77:281-92. 10.1253\/circj.cj-13-0007","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjr.0000176510.84165.eb","article-title":"Physical performance and physical activity in grown-up congenital heart disease","volume":"12","author":"Reybrouck T","year":"2005","unstructured":"Reybrouck T, Mertens L. Physical performance and physical activity in grown-up congenital heart disease. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2005, 12:498-502. 10.1097\/01.hjr.0000176510.84165.eb","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2011.11.068","article-title":"Changes in cardiorespiratory fitness in cardiac rehabilitation patients: a meta-analysis","volume":"167","author":"Sandercock G","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sandercock G, Hurtado V, Cardoso F. Changes in cardiorespiratory fitness in cardiac rehabilitation patients: a meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol. 2013, 167:894-902. 10.1016\/j.ijcard.2011.11.068","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2006.05.015","article-title":"Clinical evidence for a health benefit from cardiac rehabilitation: an update","volume":"152","author":"Williams MA","year":"2006","unstructured":"Williams MA, Ades PA, Hamm LF, Keteyian SJ, LaFontaine TP, Roitman JL, Squires RW. Clinical evidence for a health benefit from cardiac rehabilitation: an update. Am Heart J. 2006, 152:835-41. 10.1016\/j.ahj.2006.05.015","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03520380029031","article-title":"Changes in physical fitness and all-cause mortality. A prospective study of healthy and unhealthy men","volume":"273","author":"Blair SN","year":"1995","unstructured":"Blair SN, Kohl III HW, Barlow CE, et al.. Changes in physical fitness and all-cause mortality. A prospective study of healthy and unhealthy men. JAMA. 1995, 273:1093-8. 10.1001\/jama.1995.03520380029031","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00008483-199601000-00005","article-title":"Changes in exercise capacity following cardiac rehabilitation in patients stratified according to age and gender. Results of the Massachusetts Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation Multicenter Database","volume":"16","author":"Balady GJ","year":"1996","unstructured":"Balady GJ, Jette D, Scheer J, Downing J. Changes in exercise capacity following cardiac rehabilitation in patients stratified according to age and gender. Results of the Massachusetts Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation Multicenter Database. J Cardiopulm Rehabil. 1996, 16:38-46. 10.1097\/00008483-199601000-00005","journal-title":"J Cardiopulm Rehabil"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011858","article-title":"Exercise capacity and mortality among men referred for exercise testing","volume":"346","author":"Myers J","year":"2002","unstructured":"Myers J, Prakash M, Froelicher V, Do D, Partington S, Atwood JE. Exercise capacity and mortality among men referred for exercise testing. N Engl J Med. 2002, 346:793-801. 10.1056\/NEJMoa011858","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013400.pub2","article-title":"Physical activity interventions for people with congenital heart disease","volume":"10","author":"Williams CA","year":"2020","unstructured":"Williams CA, Wadey C, Pieles G, Stuart G, Taylor RS, Long L. Physical activity interventions for people with congenital heart disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020, 10:CD013400. 10.1002\/14651858.CD013400.pub2","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2021-001599","article-title":"Exercise prescription improves exercise tolerance in young children with CHD: a randomised clinical trial","volume":"8","author":"Callaghan S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Callaghan S, Morrison ML, McKeown PP, et al.. Exercise prescription improves exercise tolerance in young children with CHD: a randomised clinical trial. Open Heart. 2021, 8:001599. 10.1136\/openhrt-2021-001599","journal-title":"Open Heart"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2015.06.018","article-title":"Does exercise training improve cardiopulmonary fitness and daily physical activity in children and young adults with corrected tetralogy of Fallot or Fontan circulation? A randomized controlled trial","volume":"170","author":"Duppen N","year":"2015","unstructured":"Duppen N, Etnel JR, Spaans L, et al.. Does exercise training improve cardiopulmonary fitness and daily physical activity in children and young adults with corrected tetralogy of Fallot or Fontan circulation? A randomized controlled trial. Am Heart J. 2015, 170:606-14. 10.1016\/j.ahj.2015.06.018","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.114.002006","article-title":"Regional ventricular performance and exercise training in children and young adults after repair of tetralogy of Fallot: randomized controlled pilot study","volume":"8","author":"Duppen N","year":"2015","unstructured":"Duppen N, Geerdink LM, Kuipers IM, et al.. Regional ventricular performance and exercise training in children and young adults after repair of tetralogy of Fallot: randomized controlled pilot study. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015, 8:002006. 10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.114.002006","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/h2012-036","article-title":"Training effects on peripheral muscle oxygenation and performance in children with congenital heart diseases","volume":"37","author":"Moalla W","year":"2012","unstructured":"Moalla W, Elloumi M, Chamari K, Dupont G, Maingourd Y, Tabka Z, Ahmaidi S. Training effects on peripheral muscle oxygenation and performance in children with congenital heart diseases. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2012, 37:621-30. 10.1139\/h2012-036","journal-title":"Appl Physiol Nutr Metab"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphys.2019.08.005","article-title":"Clinimetrics: physiotherapy evidence database (PEDro) scale","volume":"66","author":"Cashin AG","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cashin AG, McAuley JH. Clinimetrics: physiotherapy evidence database (PEDro) scale. J Physiother. 2020, 66:59. 10.1016\/j.jphys.2019.08.005","journal-title":"J Physiother"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e318293688f","article-title":"Promotion of physical activity for children and adults with congenital heart disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"127","author":"Longmuir PE","year":"2013","unstructured":"Longmuir PE, Brothers JA, de Ferranti SD, et al.. Promotion of physical activity for children and adults with congenital heart disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2013, 127:2147-59. 10.1161\/CIR.0b013e318293688f","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/ h06-085","article-title":"Central hemodynamics and peripheral muscle function during exercise in patients with chronic heart failure","volume":"32","author":"Warburton DE","year":"2007","unstructured":"Warburton DE, Taylor A, Bredin SS, et al.. Central hemodynamics and peripheral muscle function during exercise in patients with chronic heart failure. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2007, 32:318-31. 10.1139\/ h06-085","journal-title":"Appl Physiol Nutr Metab"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0b013e31814fb545","article-title":"Is strength training the more efficient training modality in chronic heart failure?","volume":"39","author":"Feiereisen P","year":"2007","unstructured":"Feiereisen P, Delagardelle C, Vaillant M, Lasar Y, Beissel J. Is strength training the more efficient training modality in chronic heart failure?. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007, 39:1910-7. 10.1249\/mss.0b013e31814fb545","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.17470803.2008.00191.x","article-title":"Effects of home-based training at dyspnea threshold in children surgically repaired for congenital heart disease","volume":"3","author":"Amiard V","year":"2008","unstructured":"Amiard V, Jullien H, Nassif D, et al.. Effects of home-based training at dyspnea threshold in children surgically repaired for congenital heart disease. Cong Heart Dis. 2008, 3:191-9. 10.1111\/j.17470803.2008.00191.x","journal-title":"Cong Heart Dis"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-2697","article-title":"Impact of cardiac rehabilitation on the exercise function of children with serious congenital heart disease","volume":"116","author":"Rhodes J","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rhodes J, Curran TJ, Camil L, et al.. Impact of cardiac rehabilitation on the exercise function of children with serious congenital heart disease. Pediatrics. 2005, 116:1339-45. 10.1542\/peds.2004-2697","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2012.06.008","article-title":"Deformation imaging in selected congenital heart disease: is it evolving to clinical use?","volume":"25","author":"Friedberg MK","year":"2012","unstructured":"Friedberg MK, Mertens L. Deformation imaging in selected congenital heart disease: is it evolving to clinical use?. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2012, 25:919-31. 10.1016\/j.echo.2012.06.008","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.83.6.685","article-title":"Exercise prescription in adults with congenital heart disease: a long way to go","volume":"83","author":"Swan L","year":"2000","unstructured":"Swan L, Hillis WS. Exercise prescription in adults with congenital heart disease: a long way to go. Heart. 2000, 83:685-7. 10.1136\/heart.83.6.685","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2010.04.005","article-title":"Exercise performance and quality of life is more impaired in Eisenmenger syndrome than in complex cyanotic congenital heart disease with pulmonary stenosis","volume":"150","author":"M\u00fcller J","year":"2011","unstructured":"M\u00fcller J, Hess J, Hager A. Exercise performance and quality of life is more impaired in Eisenmenger syndrome than in complex cyanotic congenital heart disease with pulmonary stenosis. Int J Cardiol. 2011, 150:177-81. 10.1016\/j.ijcard.2010.04.005","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2021.11.066","article-title":"Effect of oxygen therapy on exercise performance in patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease: randomized-controlled trial","volume":"348","author":"Saxer S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Saxer S, Calendo LR, Lichtblau M, et al.. Effect of oxygen therapy on exercise performance in patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease: randomized-controlled trial. Int J Cardiol. 2022, 348:65-72. 10.1016\/j.ijcard.2021.11.066","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/chd.12659","article-title":"Efficiency of the home cardiac rehabilitation program for adults with complex congenital heart disease","volume":"13","author":"Bhasipol A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bhasipol A, Sanjaroensuttikul N, Pornsuriyasak P, Yamwong S, Tangcharoen T. Efficiency of the home cardiac rehabilitation program for adults with complex congenital heart disease. Congenit Heart Dis. 2018, 13:952-8. 10.1111\/chd.12659","journal-title":"Congenit Heart Dis"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/117797-cardiac-rehabilitation-and-cardiopulmonary-fitness-in-children-and-young-adults-with-congenital-heart-diseases-a-critically-appraised-topic","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T19:41:05Z","timestamp":1707507665000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/117797-cardiac-rehabilitation-and-cardiopulmonary-fitness-in-children-and-young-adults-with-congenital-heart-diseases-a-critically-appraised-topic"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]]},"references-count":27,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.31483","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]]}}}