{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T18:20:23Z","timestamp":1783707623526,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.31960","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]],"date-time":"2022-11-28T10:56:05Z","timestamp":1669632965000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Risk Factors for Postoperative Complications and In-Hospital Mortality Following Surgery for Cervical Spinal Cord Injury"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Alexander","family":"Wilton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2014.08.013","article-title":"Estimating the incidence and prevalence of traumatic spinal cord injury in Australia","volume":"96","author":"New PW","year":"2015","unstructured":"New PW, Baxter D, Farry A, Noonan VK. Estimating the incidence and prevalence of traumatic spinal cord injury in Australia. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2015, 96:76-83. 10.1016\/j.apmr.2014.08.013","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0001-4575(01)00036-7","article-title":"Incidence and patterns of spinal cord injury in Australia","volume":"34","author":"O'Connor P","year":"2002","unstructured":"O'Connor P. Incidence and patterns of spinal cord injury in Australia. Accid Anal Prev. 2002, 34:405-15. 10.1016\/s0001-4575(01)00036-7","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/1079026813Z.000000000136","article-title":"Spinal cord injury facts and figures at a glance","volume":"36","author":"National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center","year":"2013","unstructured":"National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center. Spinal cord injury facts and figures at a glance. J Spinal Cord Med. 2013, 36:1-2. 10.1179\/1079026813Z.000000000136","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00282","article-title":"Traumatic spinal cord injury: an overview of pathophysiology, models and acute injury mechanisms","volume":"10","author":"Alizadeh A","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alizadeh A, Dyck SM, Karimi-Abdolrezaee S. Traumatic spinal cord injury: an overview of pathophysiology, models and acute injury mechanisms. Front Neurol. 2019, 10:282. 10.3389\/fneur.2019.00282","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4486","article-title":"Central nervous system injury and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase: oxidative stress and therapeutic targets","volume":"34","author":"von Leden RE","year":"2017","unstructured":"von Leden RE, Yauger YJ, Khayrullina G, Byrnes KR. Central nervous system injury and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase: oxidative stress and therapeutic targets. J Neurotrauma. 2017, 34:755-64. 10.1089\/neu.2016.4486","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.55782\/ane-2011-1848","article-title":"Secondary injury mechanisms in traumatic spinal cord injury: a nugget of this multiply cascade","volume":"71","author":"Oyinbo CA","year":"2011","unstructured":"Oyinbo CA. Secondary injury mechanisms in traumatic spinal cord injury: a nugget of this multiply cascade. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars). 2011, 71:281-99.","journal-title":"Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars)"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002826-200109000-00002","article-title":"Acute spinal cord injury, part I: pathophysiologic mechanisms","volume":"24","author":"Dumont RJ","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dumont RJ, Okonkwo DO, Verma S, Hurlbert RJ, Boulos PT, Ellegala DB, Dumont AS. Acute spinal cord injury, part I: pathophysiologic mechanisms. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2001, 24:254-64. 10.1097\/00002826-200109000-00002","journal-title":"Clin Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004124","article-title":"Cervical spine injuries with acute traumatic spinal cord injury: spinal surgery adverse events and their association with neurological and functional outcome","volume":"47","author":"Liebscher T","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liebscher T, Ludwig J, L\u00fcbstorf T, et al.. Cervical spine injuries with acute traumatic spinal cord injury: spinal surgery adverse events and their association with neurological and functional outcome. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2022, 47:E16-26. 10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004124","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/2045772311Y.0000000024","article-title":"Factors associated with early mortality after cervical spinal cord injury","volume":"34","author":"Shao J","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shao J, Zhu W, Chen X, et al.. Factors associated with early mortality after cervical spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med. 2011, 34:555-62. 10.1179\/2045772311Y.0000000024","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41393-021-00657-x","article-title":"In-hospital mortality in people with complete acute traumatic spinal cord injury at a tertiary care center in India-a retrospective analysis","volume":"60","author":"Chhabra HS","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chhabra HS, Sharawat R, Vishwakarma G. In-hospital mortality in people with complete acute traumatic spinal cord injury at a tertiary care center in India-a retrospective analysis. Spinal Cord. 2022, 60:210-5. 10.1038\/s41393-021-00657-x","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.894273","article-title":"A new scale for predicting the risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with traumatic spinal cord injury","volume":"13","author":"Gong Y","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gong Y, Du J, Hao D, et al.. A new scale for predicting the risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with traumatic spinal cord injury. Front Neurol. 2022, 13:894273. 10.3389\/fneur.2022.894273","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2009.1156","article-title":"A systematic review of intensive cardiopulmonary management after spinal cord injury","volume":"28","author":"Casha S","year":"2011","unstructured":"Casha S, Christie S. A systematic review of intensive cardiopulmonary management after spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma. 2011, 28:1479-95. 10.1089\/neu.2009.1156","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2015.105","article-title":"Incidence of pulmonary embolism after the first 3 months of spinal cord injury","volume":"53","author":"Alabed S","year":"2015","unstructured":"Alabed S, de Heredia LL, Naidoo A, Belci M, Hughes RJ, Meagher TM. Incidence of pulmonary embolism after the first 3 months of spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 2015, 53:835-7. 10.1038\/sc.2015.105","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2004.03.016","article-title":"Etiology and incidence of rehospitalization after traumatic spinal cord injury: a multicenter analysis","volume":"85","author":"Cardenas DD","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cardenas DD, Hoffman JM, Kirshblum S, McKinley W. Etiology and incidence of rehospitalization after traumatic spinal cord injury: a multicenter analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004, 85:1757-63. 10.1016\/j.apmr.2004.03.016","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100494","article-title":"Secondary conditions following spinal cord injury in a population-based sample","volume":"36","author":"Johnson RL","year":"1998","unstructured":"Johnson RL, Gerhart KA, McCray J, Menconi JC, Whiteneck GG. Secondary conditions following spinal cord injury in a population-based sample. Spinal Cord. 1998, 36:45-50. 10.1038\/sj.sc.3100494","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2008.107","article-title":"Pressure ulcer risk factors in persons with SCI: Part I: acute and rehabilitation stages","volume":"47","author":"G\u00e9lis A","year":"2009","unstructured":"G\u00e9lis A, Dupeyron A, Legros P, Bena\u00efm C, Pelissier J, Fattal C. Pressure ulcer risk factors in persons with SCI: Part I: acute and rehabilitation stages. Spinal Cord. 2009, 47:99-107. 10.1038\/sc.2008.107","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2012.88","article-title":"Determinants of in-hospital death after acute spinal cord injury: a population-based study","volume":"51","author":"Selassie AW","year":"2013","unstructured":"Selassie AW, Varma A, Saunders LL, Welldaregay W. Determinants of in-hospital death after acute spinal cord injury: a population-based study. Spinal Cord. 2013, 51:48-54. 10.1038\/sc.2012.88","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181ba1359","article-title":"Predictors of early mortality after traumatic spinal cord injury: a population-based study","volume":"35","author":"Varma A","year":"2010","unstructured":"Varma A, Hill EG, Nicholas J, Selassie A. Predictors of early mortality after traumatic spinal cord injury: a population-based study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2010, 35:778-83. 10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181ba1359","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2019.6912","article-title":"In-hospital mortality for the elderly with acute traumatic spinal cord injury","volume":"37","author":"Inglis T","year":"2020","unstructured":"Inglis T, Banaszek D, Rivers CS, et al.. In-hospital mortality for the elderly with acute traumatic spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma. 2020, 37:2332-42. 10.1089\/neu.2019.6912","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000167822.75063.8c","article-title":"Cervical spine injuries in the elderly: acute postoperative mortality","volume":"30","author":"Jackson AP","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jackson AP, Haak MH, Khan N, Meyer PR. Cervical spine injuries in the elderly: acute postoperative mortality. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005, 30:1524-7. 10.1097\/01.brs.0000167822.75063.8c","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002871","article-title":"Epidemiological state, predictors of early mortality, and predictive models for traumatic spinal cord injury: a multicenter nationwide cohort study","volume":"44","author":"Shibahashi K","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shibahashi K, Nishida M, Okura Y, Hamabe Y. Epidemiological state, predictors of early mortality, and predictive models for traumatic spinal cord injury: a multicenter nationwide cohort study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2019, 44:479-87. 10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002871","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474-4422(20)30406-3","article-title":"The influence of timing of surgical decompression for acute spinal cord injury: a pooled analysis of individual patient data","volume":"20","author":"Badhiwala JH","year":"2021","unstructured":"Badhiwala JH, Wilson JR, Witiw CD, et al.. The influence of timing of surgical decompression for acute spinal cord injury: a pooled analysis of individual patient data. Lancet Neurol. 2021, 20:117-26. 10.1016\/s1474-4422(20)30406-3","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200202000-00019","article-title":"Immediate spinal cord decompression for cervical spinal cord injury: feasibility and outcome","volume":"52","author":"Papadopoulos SM","year":"2002","unstructured":"Papadopoulos SM, Selden NR, Quint DJ, Patel N, Gillespie B, Grube S. Immediate spinal cord decompression for cervical spinal cord injury: feasibility and outcome. J Trauma. 2002, 52:323-32. 10.1097\/00005373-200202000-00019","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568217701105","article-title":"Anesthesia duration as an independent risk factor for early postoperative complications in adults undergoing elective ACDF","volume":"7","author":"Phan K","year":"2017","unstructured":"Phan K, Kim JS, Kim JH, Somani S, Di'Capua J, Dowdell JE, Cho SK. Anesthesia duration as an independent risk factor for early postoperative complications in adults undergoing elective ACDF. Global Spine J. 2017, 7:727-34. 10.1177\/2192568217701105","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00024720-200306000-00001","article-title":"Comparison of anterior and posterior approaches in cervical spinal cord injuries","volume":"16","author":"Brodke DS","year":"2003","unstructured":"Brodke DS, Anderson PA, Newell DW, Grady MS, Chapman JR. Comparison of anterior and posterior approaches in cervical spinal cord injuries. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2003, 16:229-35. 10.1097\/00024720-200306000-00001","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-67265-2","article-title":"Comparison of anterior and posterior approaches for treatment of traumatic cervical dislocation combined with spinal cord injury: minimum 10-year follow-up","volume":"10","author":"Ren C","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ren C, Qin R, Wang P, Wang P. Comparison of anterior and posterior approaches for treatment of traumatic cervical dislocation combined with spinal cord injury: minimum 10-year follow-up. Sci Rep. 2020, 10:10346. 10.1038\/s41598-020-67265-2","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref27","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics. Snapshot of New South Wales. (2022). Accessed: November 24, 2022: https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/articles\/snapshot-nsw-2021."},{"key":"ref28","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Australian Family of Health and Related Classifications - ICD-10-AM. (2022). Accessed: November 24, 2022: https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/suicide-self-harm-monitoring\/data\/technical-notes\/codes-and-classifications."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115101","article-title":"The impact of confounder selection criteria on effect estimation","volume":"129","author":"Mickey RM","year":"1989","unstructured":"Mickey RM, Greenland S. The impact of confounder selection criteria on effect estimation. Am J Epidemiol. 1989, 129:125-37. 10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115101","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/fmch-2019-000262","article-title":"Variable selection strategies and its importance in clinical prediction modelling","volume":"8","author":"Chowdhury MZ","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chowdhury MZ, Turin TC. Variable selection strategies and its importance in clinical prediction modelling. Fam Med Community Health. 2020, 8:e000262. 10.1136\/fmch-2019-000262","journal-title":"Fam Med Community Health"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.19087","article-title":"Multicollinearity and misleading statistical results","volume":"72","author":"Kim JH","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kim JH. Multicollinearity and misleading statistical results. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2019, 72:558-69. 10.4097\/kja.19087","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-15469-z","article-title":"Baseline predictors of in-hospital mortality after acute traumatic spinal cord injury: data from a level I trauma center","volume":"12","author":"Blex C","year":"2022","unstructured":"Blex C, Kreutztr\u00e4ger M, Ludwig J, et al.. Baseline predictors of in-hospital mortality after acute traumatic spinal cord injury: data from a level I trauma center. Sci Rep. 2022, 12:11420. 10.1038\/s41598-022-15469-z","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3181c293a9","article-title":"Development and validation of predictors of respiratory insufficiency and mortality scores: simple bedside additive scores for prediction of ventilation and in-hospital mortality in acute cervical spine injury","volume":"110","author":"Durga P","year":"2010","unstructured":"Durga P, Sahu BP, Mantha S, Ramachandran G. Development and validation of predictors of respiratory insufficiency and mortality scores: simple bedside additive scores for prediction of ventilation and in-hospital mortality in acute cervical spine injury. Anesth Analg. 2010, 110:134-40. 10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3181c293a9","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000382079","article-title":"Mortality and longevity after a spinal cord injury: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"44","author":"Chamberlain JD","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chamberlain JD, Meier S, Mader L, von Groote PM, Brinkhof MW. Mortality and longevity after a spinal cord injury: systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroepidemiology. 2015, 44:182-98. 10.1159\/000382079","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2013.2","article-title":"Risk factors for mortality after spinal cord injury in the USA","volume":"51","author":"Cao Y","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cao Y, Krause JS, DiPiro N. Risk factors for mortality after spinal cord injury in the USA. Spinal Cord. 2013, 51:413-8. 10.1038\/sc.2013.2","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0003-9993(99)90252-6","article-title":"Recent trends in mortality and causes of death among persons with spinal cord injury","volume":"80","author":"DeVivo MJ","year":"1999","unstructured":"DeVivo MJ, Krause JS, Lammertse DP. Recent trends in mortality and causes of death among persons with spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1999, 80:1411-9. 10.1016\/s0003-9993(99)90252-6","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2011.158","article-title":"Stability of predictors of mortality after spinal cord injury","volume":"50","author":"Krause JS","year":"2012","unstructured":"Krause JS, Saunders LL, Zhai Y. Stability of predictors of mortality after spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 2012, 50:281-4. 10.1038\/sc.2011.158","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/icsp.9.1.40.3318","article-title":"Cervical injuries in Sweden, a national survey of patient data from 1987 to 1999","volume":"9","author":"Brolin K","year":"2002","unstructured":"Brolin K, von Holst H. Cervical injuries in Sweden, a national survey of patient data from 1987 to 1999. Inj Control Saf Promot. 2002, 9:40-52. 10.1076\/icsp.9.1.40.3318","journal-title":"Inj Control Saf Promot"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000207258.80129.03","article-title":"Epidemiology of traumatic spinal cord injury in Canada","volume":"31","author":"Pickett GE","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pickett GE, Campos-Benitez M, Keller JL, Duggal N. Epidemiology of traumatic spinal cord injury in Canada. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006, 31:799-805. 10.1097\/01.brs.0000207258.80129.03","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/wajm.v21i3.28037","article-title":"Spinal cord injuries in Ilorin, Nigeria","volume":"21","author":"Solagberu BA","year":"2002","unstructured":"Solagberu BA. Spinal cord injuries in Ilorin, Nigeria. West Afr J Med. 2002, 21:230-2. 10.4314\/wajm.v21i3.28037","journal-title":"West Afr J Med"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.50143","article-title":"Traumatic spinal cord injury in Victoria, 2007-2016","volume":"210","author":"Beck B","year":"2019","unstructured":"Beck B, Cameron PA, Braaf S, et al.. Traumatic spinal cord injury in Victoria, 2007-2016. Med J Aust. 2019, 210:360-6. 10.5694\/mja2.50143","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2008.53","article-title":"Incidence of traumatic spinal cord injuries in Finland over a 30-year period","volume":"46","author":"Ahoniemi E","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ahoniemi E, Alaranta H, Hokkinen EM, Valtonen K, Kautiainen H. Incidence of traumatic spinal cord injuries in Finland over a 30-year period. Spinal Cord. 2008, 46:781-4. 10.1038\/sc.2008.53","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2015-205265","article-title":"The changing face of major trauma in the UK","volume":"32","author":"Kehoe A","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kehoe A, Smith JE, Edwards A, Yates D, Lecky F. The changing face of major trauma in the UK. Emerg Med J. 2015, 32:911-5. 10.1136\/emermed-2015-205265","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs5.80","article-title":"Major trauma in older persons","volume":"2","author":"Beck B","year":"2018","unstructured":"Beck B, Cameron P, Lowthian J, Fitzgerald M, Judson R, Gabbe BJ. Major trauma in older persons. BJS Open. 2018, 2:310-8. 10.1002\/bjs5.80","journal-title":"BJS Open"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-022-03169-6","article-title":"Morbidity and mortality of traumatic cervical spinal cord injuries in a geriatric cohort","volume":"3","author":"Wilson KV","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wilson KV, McDonnell JM, O'Malley S, et al.. Morbidity and mortality of traumatic cervical spinal cord injuries in a geriatric cohort. Ir J Med Sci. 2022, 3:1-7. 10.1007\/s11845-022-03169-6","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2008.118","article-title":"Diagnostic coding accuracy for traumatic spinal cord injuries","volume":"47","author":"Hagen EM","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hagen EM, Rekand T, Gilhus NE, Gronning M. Diagnostic coding accuracy for traumatic spinal cord injuries. Spinal Cord. 2009, 47:367-71. 10.1038\/sc.2008.118","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.893482","article-title":"Clinical coders' perspectives on pressure injury coding in acute care services in Victoria, Australia","volume":"10","author":"Weller CD","year":"2022","unstructured":"Weller CD, Turnour L, Connelly E, Banaszak-Holl J, Team V. Clinical coders' perspectives on pressure injury coding in acute care services in Victoria, Australia. Front Public Health. 2022, 10:893482. 10.3389\/fpubh.2022.893482","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/AH22155","article-title":"Clinical documentation requirements for the accurate coding of hospital-acquired urinary tract infections in Australia","volume":"2","author":"Liu S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu S, Kim D, Penfold S, Doric A. Clinical documentation requirements for the accurate coding of hospital-acquired urinary tract infections in Australia. Aust Health Rev. 2022, 2:1-5. 10.1071\/AH22155","journal-title":"Aust Health Rev"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-842x.1997.tb01738.x","article-title":"Accuracy of ICD-9-CM codes in hospital morbidity data, Victoria: implications for public health research","volume":"21","author":"MacIntyre CR","year":"1997","unstructured":"MacIntyre CR, Ackland MJ, Chandraraj EJ, Pilla JE. Accuracy of ICD-9-CM codes in hospital morbidity data, Victoria: implications for public health research. Aust N Z J Public Health. 1997, 21:477-82. 10.1111\/j.1467-842x.1997.tb01738.x","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Public Health"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-842X.1997.tb01738.x","article-title":"Accuracy of injury coding in Victorian hospital morbidity data","volume":"21","author":"MacIntyre CR","year":"1997","unstructured":"MacIntyre CR, Ackland MJ, Chandraraj EJ. Accuracy of injury coding in Victorian hospital morbidity data. Aust N Z J Public Health. 1997, 21:779-83.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Public Health"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e31829243c9","article-title":"Spinal cord injury without radiologic abnormalities in adults: a systematic review","volume":"75","author":"Boese CK","year":"2013","unstructured":"Boese CK, Lechler P. Spinal cord injury without radiologic abnormalities in adults: a systematic review. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2013, 75:320-30. 10.1097\/TA.0b013e31829243c9","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e318157495a","article-title":"The adult spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormalities syndrome: magnetic resonance imaging and clinical findings in adults with spinal cord injuries having normal radiographs and computed tomography studies","volume":"65","author":"Kasimatis GB","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kasimatis GB, Panagiotopoulos E, Megas P, Matzaroglou C, Gliatis J, Tyllianakis M, Lambiris E. The adult spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormalities syndrome: magnetic resonance imaging and clinical findings in adults with spinal cord injuries having normal radiographs and computed tomography studies. J Trauma. 2008, 65:86-93. 10.1097\/TA.0b013e318157495a","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-019-0742-8","article-title":"The relationship between statistical power and predictor distribution in multilevel logistic regression: a simulation-based approach","volume":"19","author":"Olvera Astivia OL","year":"2019","unstructured":"Olvera Astivia OL, Gadermann A, Guhn M. The relationship between statistical power and predictor distribution in multilevel logistic regression: a simulation-based approach. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2019, 19:97. 10.1186\/s12874-019-0742-8","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2161-1165.1000227","article-title":"Multicollinearity in regression analyses conducted in epidemiologic studies","volume":"6","author":"Vatcheva KP","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vatcheva KP, Lee M, McCormick JB, Rahbar MH. Multicollinearity in regression analyses conducted in epidemiologic studies. Epidemiology (Sunnyvale). 2016, 6:3-7. 10.4172\/2161-1165.1000227","journal-title":"Epidemiology (Sunnyvale)"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1674","article-title":"Evaluation of Cox's model and logistic regression for matched case-control data with time-dependent covariates: a simulation study","volume":"22","author":"Leffondr\u00e9 K","year":"2003","unstructured":"Leffondr\u00e9 K, Abrahamowicz M, Siemiatycki J. Evaluation of Cox's model and logistic regression for matched case-control data with time-dependent covariates: a simulation study. Stat Med. 2003, 22:3781-94. 10.1002\/sim.1674","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(sici)1097-0274(199801)33:1<33::aid-ajim5>3.0.co;2-x","article-title":"Empirical comparisons of proportional hazards, poisson, and logistic regression modeling of occupational cohort data","volume":"33","author":"Callas PW","year":"1998","unstructured":"Callas PW, Pastides H, Hosmer DW. Empirical comparisons of proportional hazards, poisson, and logistic regression modeling of occupational cohort data. Am J Ind Med. 1998, 33:33-47. 10.1002\/(sici)1097-0274(199801)33:1&lt;33::aid-ajim5&gt;3.0.co;2-x","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-13-33","article-title":"External validation of a Cox prognostic model: principles and methods","volume":"13","author":"Royston P","year":"2013","unstructured":"Royston P, Altman DG. External validation of a Cox prognostic model: principles and methods. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2013, 13:33. 10.1186\/1471-2288-13-33","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e318176bf4b","article-title":"Bias in surgical research","volume":"248","author":"Paradis C","year":"2008","unstructured":"Paradis C. Bias in surgical research. Ann Surg. 2008, 248:180-8. 10.1097\/SLA.0b013e318176bf4b","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4184\/asj.2011.5.4.208","article-title":"Variations in practice patterns among neurosurgeons and orthopaedic surgeons in the management of spinal disorders","volume":"5","author":"Hussain M","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hussain M, Nasir S, Moed A, Murtaza G. Variations in practice patterns among neurosurgeons and orthopaedic surgeons in the management of spinal disorders. Asian Spine J. 2011, 5:208-12. 10.4184\/asj.2011.5.4.208","journal-title":"Asian Spine J"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.08.003","article-title":"Development of a machine learning algorithm for predicting in-hospital and 1-year mortality after traumatic spinal cord injury","volume":"22","author":"Fallah N","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fallah N, Noonan VK, Waheed Z, et al.. Development of a machine learning algorithm for predicting in-hospital and 1-year mortality after traumatic spinal cord injury. Spine J. 2022, 22:329-36. 10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.08.003","journal-title":"Spine J"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/126302-risk-factors-for-postoperative-complications-and-in-hospital-mortality-following-surgery-for-cervical-spinal-cord-injury","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T19:42:58Z","timestamp":1707507778000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/126302-risk-factors-for-postoperative-complications-and-in-hospital-mortality-following-surgery-for-cervical-spinal-cord-injury"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]]},"references-count":60,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.31960","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]]}}}