{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T09:04:22Z","timestamp":1774343062982,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.33620","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T01:24:50Z","timestamp":1673400290000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Polyarteritis Nodosa Following mRNA-1273 COVID-19 Vaccination: Case Study and Review of Immunological Mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Bahadar S","family":"Srichawla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30773-8","article-title":"What defines an efficacious COVID-19 vaccine? A review of the challenges assessing the clinical efficacy of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2","volume":"21","author":"Hodgson SH","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hodgson SH, Mansatta K, Mallett G, Harris V, Emary KR, Pollard AJ. What defines an efficacious COVID-19 vaccine? A review of the challenges assessing the clinical efficacy of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Lancet Infect Dis. 2021, 21:e26-35. 10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30773-8","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.653786","article-title":"Acute transverse myelitis (ATM): clinical review of 43 patients with COVID-19-associated ATM and 3 post-vaccination ATM serious adverse events with the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222)","volume":"12","author":"Rom\u00e1n GC","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rom\u00e1n GC, Gracia F, Torres A, Palacios A, Gracia K, Harris D. Acute transverse myelitis (ATM): clinical review of 43 patients with COVID-19-associated ATM and 3 post-vaccination ATM serious adverse events with the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222). Front Immunol. 2021, 12:653786. 10.3389\/fimmu.2021.653786","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-021-00983-2","article-title":"Clinical approach to diagnosis and therapy of polyarteritis nodosa","volume":"23","author":"Ho\u010devar A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ho\u010devar A, Tom\u0161i\u010d M, Perdan Pirkmajer K. Clinical approach to diagnosis and therapy of polyarteritis nodosa. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2021, 23:14. 10.1007\/s11926-021-00983-2","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2008.04.004","article-title":"Gastrointestinal involvement in polyarteritis nodosa","volume":"6","author":"Ebert EC","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ebert EC, Hagspiel KD, Nagar M, Schlesinger N. Gastrointestinal involvement in polyarteritis nodosa. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008, 6:960-6. 10.1016\/j.cgh.2008.04.004","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2014.01.029","article-title":"Diagnosis and classification of polyarteritis nodosa","volume":"48-49","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Rodr\u00edguez J","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Rodr\u00edguez J, Alba MA, Prieto-Gonz\u00e1lez S, Cid MC. Diagnosis and classification of polyarteritis nodosa. J Autoimmun. 2014, 48-49:84-9. 10.1016\/j.jaut.2014.01.029","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.174.6.1741675","article-title":"Radiologic findings of abdominal polyarteritis nodosa","volume":"174","author":"Jee KN","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jee KN, Ha HK, Lee IJ, et al.. Radiologic findings of abdominal polyarteritis nodosa. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2000, 174:1675-9. 10.2214\/ajr.174.6.1741675","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046657","article-title":"Medium- and large-vessel vasculitis","volume":"143","author":"Saadoun D","year":"2021","unstructured":"Saadoun D, Vautier M, Cacoub P. Medium- and large-vessel vasculitis. Circulation. 2021, 143:267-82. 10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046657","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2016.02.015","article-title":"Polyarteritis nodosa: a contemporary overview","volume":"15","author":"De Virgilio A","year":"2016","unstructured":"De Virgilio A, Greco A, Magliulo G, et al.. Polyarteritis nodosa: a contemporary overview. Autoimmun Rev. 2016, 15:564-70. 10.1016\/j.autrev.2016.02.015","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.16125","article-title":"Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa following ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination","volume":"61","author":"Su HA","year":"2022","unstructured":"Su HA, Hsu HT, Chen YC. Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa following ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination. Int J Dermatol. 2022, 61:630-1. 10.1111\/ijd.16125","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mrcr\/rxac085","article-title":"Possible case of polyarteritis nodosa with epididymitis following COVID-19 vaccination: a case report and review of the literature","author":"Ohkubo Y","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ohkubo Y, Ohmura SI, Ishihara R, Miyamoto T. Possible case of polyarteritis nodosa with epididymitis following COVID-19 vaccination: a case report and review of the literature. Mod Rheumatol Case Rep. 2022, 10.1093\/mrcr\/rxac085","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol Case Rep"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12071555","article-title":"Current evidence in SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines and post-vaccination adverse reports: knowns and unknowns","volume":"12","author":"Mouliou DS","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mouliou DS, Dardiotis E. Current evidence in SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines and post-vaccination adverse reports: knowns and unknowns. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022, 12:10.3390\/diagnostics12071555","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"Polyarteritis nodosa reports to the vaccine adverse event reporting system (VAERS): implications for assessment of suspected vaccine-provoked vasculitis","volume":"31","author":"Begier EM","year":"2004","unstructured":"Begier EM, Langford CA, Sneller MC, Wise RP, Ball R, Group VW. Polyarteritis nodosa reports to the vaccine adverse event reporting system (VAERS): implications for assessment of suspected vaccine-provoked vasculitis. J Rheumatol. 2004, 31:2181-8.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2018.10.012","article-title":"Molecular mimicry and autoimmunity","volume":"95","author":"Rojas M","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rojas M, Restrepo-Jim\u00e9nez P, Monsalve DM, et al.. Molecular mimicry and autoimmunity. J Autoimmun. 2018, 95:100-23. 10.1016\/j.jaut.2018.10.012","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.30681","article-title":"Mild encephalopathy\/encephalitis with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) in influenza B: neurotropic mechanisms and diagnostic challenges","volume":"14","author":"Srichawla BS","year":"2022","unstructured":"Srichawla BS. Mild encephalopathy\/encephalitis with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) in influenza B: neurotropic mechanisms and diagnostic challenges. Cureus. 2022, 14:e30681. 10.7759\/cureus.30681","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.28172","article-title":"Plasma microbial cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) next-generation sequencing in diagnosing intracranial abscesses: pathophysiology and a scoping review of the literature","volume":"14","author":"Srichawla BS","year":"2022","unstructured":"Srichawla BS. Plasma microbial cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) next-generation sequencing in diagnosing intracranial abscesses: pathophysiology and a scoping review of the literature. Cureus. 2022, 14:e28172. 10.7759\/cureus.28172","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10153334","article-title":"Application of NGS technology in understanding the pathology of autoimmune diseases","volume":"10","author":"Wajda A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wajda A, Sivitskaya L, Paradowska-Gorycka A. Application of NGS technology in understanding the pathology of autoimmune diseases. J Clin Med. 2021, 10:10.3390\/jcm10153334","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BioRender. (2022). Accessed. 12\/19\/22: https:\/\/help.biorender.com\/en\/.","DOI":"10.5553\/AB\/0165-13312022102003005"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2022.102830","article-title":"Autoimmune conditions following mRNA (BNT162b2) and inactivated (CoronaVac) COVID-19 vaccination: a descriptive cohort study among 1.1 million vaccinated people in Hong Kong","volume":"130","author":"Li X","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li X, Gao L, Tong X, et al.. Autoimmune conditions following mRNA (BNT162b2) and inactivated (CoronaVac) COVID-19 vaccination: a descriptive cohort study among 1.1 million vaccinated people in Hong Kong. J Autoimmun. 2022, 130:102830. 10.1016\/j.jaut.2022.102830","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2021.108665","article-title":"Do COVID-19 RNA-based vaccines put at risk of immune-mediated diseases? In reply to \"potential antigenic cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 and human tissue with a possible link to an increase in autoimmune diseases\"","volume":"224","author":"Talotta R","year":"2021","unstructured":"Talotta R. Do COVID-19 RNA-based vaccines put at risk of immune-mediated diseases? In reply to \"potential antigenic cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 and human tissue with a possible link to an increase in autoimmune diseases\". Clin Immunol. 2021, 224:108665. 10.1016\/j.clim.2021.108665","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/130849-polyarteritis-nodosa-following-mrna-1273-covid-19-vaccination-case-study-and-review-of-immunological-mechanisms","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T19:53:15Z","timestamp":1707508395000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/130849-polyarteritis-nodosa-following-mrna-1273-covid-19-vaccination-case-study-and-review-of-immunological-mechanisms"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]]},"references-count":19,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.33620","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]]}}}