{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T16:37:07Z","timestamp":1786725427828,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.33721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T03:44:16Z","timestamp":1673581456000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Prevalence of Osteoporosis in Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harishankar","family":"Gopakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srinivas R","family":"Puli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-021-02821-8","article-title":"Global prevalence of osteoporosis among the world older adults: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Salari N","year":"2021","unstructured":"Salari N, Darvishi N, Bartina Y, et al.. Global prevalence of osteoporosis among the world older adults: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res. 2021, 16:669. 10.1186\/s13018-021-02821-8","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15620\/cdc:103477","article-title":"Osteoporosis or low bone mass in older adults: United States, 2017-2018","volume":"405","author":"Sarafrazi N","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sarafrazi N, Wambogo EA, Shepherd JA. Osteoporosis or low bone mass in older adults: United States, 2017-2018. NCHS Data Brief. 2021, 405:1-8. 10.15620\/cdc:103477","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.12.005","article-title":"The burden of liver disease in Europe: a review of available epidemiological data","volume":"58","author":"Blachier M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Blachier M, Leleu H, Peck-Radosavljevic M, Valla DC, Roudot-Thoraval F. The burden of liver disease in Europe: a review of available epidemiological data. J Hepatol. 2013, 58:593-608. 10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.12.005","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1423462","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of cirrhosis-related osteoporosis","volume":"2016","author":"Santos LA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Santos LA, Romeiro FG. Diagnosis and management of cirrhosis-related osteoporosis. Biomed Res Int. 2016, 2016:1423462. 10.1155\/2016\/1423462","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.50.suppl_1.i1","article-title":"Guidelines on the management of osteoporosis associated with chronic liver disease","volume":"50","author":"Collier JD","year":"2002","unstructured":"Collier JD, Ninkovic M, Compston JE. Guidelines on the management of osteoporosis associated with chronic liver disease. Gut. 2002, 50:1-9. 10.1136\/gut.50.suppl_1.i1","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12780","article-title":"The risk of osteoporosis in patients with liver cirrhosis: a meta-analysis of literature studies","volume":"84","author":"Lupoli R","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lupoli R, Di Minno A, Spadarella G, et al.. The risk of osteoporosis in patients with liver cirrhosis: a meta-analysis of literature studies. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2016, 84:30-8. 10.1111\/cen.12780","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Hepatic osteodystrophy","volume":"11","author":"Gatta A","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gatta A, Verardo A, Di Pascoli M, Giannini S, Bolognesi M. Hepatic osteodystrophy. Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab. 2014, 11:185-91.","journal-title":"Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13762","article-title":"The association between liver cirrhosis and fracture risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"89","author":"Liang J","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liang J, Meng WD, Yang JM, et al.. The association between liver cirrhosis and fracture risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2018, 89:408-13. 10.1111\/cen.13762","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62349-5","article-title":"Osteoporosis: now and the future","volume":"377","author":"Rachner TD","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rachner TD, Khosla S, Hofbauer LC. Osteoporosis: now and the future. Lancet. 2011, 377:1276-87. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62349-5","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32112-3","article-title":"Osteoporosis","volume":"393","author":"Compston JE","year":"2019","unstructured":"Compston JE, McClung MR, Leslie WD. Osteoporosis. Lancet. 2019, 393:364-76. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32112-3","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Pathogenesis of osteoporosis in liver cirrhosis","volume":"53","author":"Giouleme OI","year":"2006","unstructured":"Giouleme OI, Vyzantiadis TA, Nikolaidis NL, Vasiliadis TG, Papageorgiou AA, Eugenidis NP, Harsoulis FI. Pathogenesis of osteoporosis in liver cirrhosis. Hepatogastroenterology. 2006, 53:938-43.","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"University of Sheffield. Fracture risk assessment tool. (2022). Accessed. January 10, 2023: https:\/\/www.sheffield.ac.uk\/FRAX\/."},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"Garvan Institute. Bone fracture risk calculator. (2022). Accessed. January 10, 2023: http:\/\/au.proxy.cc.uic.edu\/bone-fracture-risk."},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"ClinRisk. Welcome to the QFracture-2016 risk calculator. (2016). Accessed. January 10, 2023: https:\/\/qfracture.org."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0077","article-title":"Osteoporosis, mineral metabolism, and serum soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor p55 in viral cirrhosis","volume":"89","author":"Gonzalez-Calvin JL","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gonzalez-Calvin JL, Gallego-Rojo F, Fernandez-Perez R, Casado-Caballero F, Ruiz-Escolano E, Olivares EG. Osteoporosis, mineral metabolism, and serum soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor p55 in viral cirrhosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004, 89:4325-30. 10.1210\/jc.2004-0077","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agq037","article-title":"Bone mineral density, bone turnover markers and cytokines in alcohol-induced cirrhosis","volume":"45","author":"D\u00edez-Ruiz A","year":"2010","unstructured":"D\u00edez-Ruiz A, Garc\u00eda-Saura PL, Garc\u00eda-Ruiz P, Gonz\u00e1lez-Calvin JL, Gallego-Rojo F, Fuchs D. Bone mineral density, bone turnover markers and cytokines in alcohol-induced cirrhosis. Alcohol. 2010, 45:427-30. 10.1093\/alcalc\/agq037","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510280315","article-title":"Bone mineral density, serum insulin-like growth factor I, and bone turnover markers in viral cirrhosis","volume":"28","author":"Gallego-Rojo FJ","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gallego-Rojo FJ, Gonzalez-Calvin JL, Mu\u00f1oz-Torres M, Mundi JL, Fernandez-Perez R, Rodrigo-Moreno D. Bone mineral density, serum insulin-like growth factor I, and bone turnover markers in viral cirrhosis. Hepatology. 1998, 28:695-9. 10.1002\/hep.510280315","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2011.07.009","article-title":"Bone mineral density assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in patients with viral or alcoholic compensated cirrhosis. A prospective study","volume":"35","author":"Mahmoudi A","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mahmoudi A, Sellier N, Reboul-Marty J, et al.. Bone mineral density assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in patients with viral or alcoholic compensated cirrhosis. A prospective study. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2011, 35:731-7. 10.1016\/j.clinre.2011.07.009","journal-title":"Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-007-0833-1","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis and osteoporosis: a case-control study","volume":"26","author":"Mounach A","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mounach A, Ouzzif Z, Wariaghli G, et al.. Primary biliary cirrhosis and osteoporosis: a case-control study. J Bone Miner Metab. 2008, 26:379-84. 10.1007\/s00774-007-0833-1","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20104","article-title":"Bone mineral density among cirrhotic patients awaiting liver transplantation","volume":"10","author":"Sokhi RP","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sokhi RP, Anantharaju A, Kondaveeti R, Creech SD, Islam KK, Van Thiel DH. Bone mineral density among cirrhotic patients awaiting liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2004, 10:648-53. 10.1002\/lt.20104","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/ahs.v20i4.13","article-title":"Association between osteoporosis and hepatitis B cirrhosis: a case-control study","volume":"20","author":"Zhang Y","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Gao X, Liu T, et al.. Association between osteoporosis and hepatitis B cirrhosis: a case-control study. Afr Health Sci. 2020, 20:1610-6. 10.4314\/ahs.v20i4.13","journal-title":"Afr Health Sci"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2003.50242","article-title":"Osteopenia and osteoporosis in patients with end-stage liver disease caused by hepatitis C and alcoholic liver disease: not just a cholestatic problem","volume":"9","author":"Carey EJ","year":"2003","unstructured":"Carey EJ, Balan V, Kremers WK, Hay JE. Osteopenia and osteoporosis in patients with end-stage liver disease caused by hepatitis C and alcoholic liver disease: not just a cholestatic problem. Liver Transpl. 2003, 9:1166-73. 10.1053\/jlts.2003.50242","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-0835","article-title":"Bone mineral density and serum levels of soluble tumor necrosis factors, estradiol, and osteoprotegerin in postmenopausal women with cirrhosis after viral hepatitis","volume":"94","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Calvin JL","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Calvin JL, Mundi JL, Casado-Caballero FJ, Abadia AC, Martin-Iba\u00f1ez JJ. Bone mineral density and serum levels of soluble tumor necrosis factors, estradiol, and osteoprotegerin in postmenopausal women with cirrhosis after viral hepatitis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009, 94:4844-50. 10.1210\/jc.2009-0835","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/sjg.SJG_74_18","article-title":"Bone mineral density loss in patients with cirrhosis","volume":"24","author":"Muhsen IN","year":"2018","unstructured":"Muhsen IN, AlFreihi O, Abaalkhail F, AlKhenizan A, Khan M, Eldali A, Alsohaibani F. Bone mineral density loss in patients with cirrhosis. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2018, 24:342-7. 10.4103\/sjg.SJG_74_18","journal-title":"Saudi J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/131667-prevalence-of-osteoporosis-in-cirrhosis-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T19:55:48Z","timestamp":1707508548000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/131667-prevalence-of-osteoporosis-in-cirrhosis-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]]},"references-count":24,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.33721","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]]}}}