{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,10]],"date-time":"2024-02-10T00:28:19Z","timestamp":1707524899341},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.34371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T11:28:57Z","timestamp":1675078137000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Hydrocephalus As Possible Prodromal Manifestation of COVID-19: A Report of Two Cases"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Torelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rocco","family":"Severino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Caggiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Torelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"de Martino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpneuro0237","article-title":"The diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus","volume":"2","author":"Gallia GL","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gallia GL, Rigamonti D, Williams MA. The diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Nat Clin Pract Neurol. 2006, 2:375-81. 10.1038\/ncpneuro0237","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Neurol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.6.FOCUS16189","article-title":"Revisiting secondary normal pressure hydrocephalus: does it exist? A review","volume":"41","author":"Daou B","year":"2016","unstructured":"Daou B, Klinge P, Tjoumakaris S, Rosenwasser RH, Jabbour P. Revisiting secondary normal pressure hydrocephalus: does it exist? A review. Neurosurg Focus. 2016, 41:E6. 10.3171\/2016.6.FOCUS16189","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2333721416643702","article-title":"Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a review for general practitioners","volume":"2","author":"Nassar BR","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nassar BR, Lippa CF. Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a review for general practitioners. Gerontol Geriatr Med. 2016, 2:2333721416643702. 10.1177\/2333721416643702","journal-title":"Gerontol Geriatr Med"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510x(65)90016-x","article-title":"The special clinical problem of symptomatic hydrocephalus with normal cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Observations on cerebrospinal fluid hydrodynamics","volume":"2","author":"Hakim S","year":"1965","unstructured":"Hakim S, Adams RD. The special clinical problem of symptomatic hydrocephalus with normal cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Observations on cerebrospinal fluid hydrodynamics. J Neurol Sci. 1965, 2:307-27. 10.1016\/0022-510x(65)90016-x","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2016.04.025","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha and aquaporin 1 in patients with mild cognitive impairment and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus","volume":"146","author":"Casta\u00f1eyra-Ruiz L","year":"2016","unstructured":"Casta\u00f1eyra-Ruiz L, Gonz\u00e1lez-Marrero I, Carmona-Calero EM, et al.. Cerebrospinal fluid levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha and aquaporin 1 in patients with mild cognitive impairment and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2016, 146:76-81. 10.1016\/j.clineuro.2016.04.025","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/fn.2017.72389","article-title":"Levels of selected pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in cerebrospinal fluid in patients with hydrocephalus","volume":"55","author":"Czubowicz K","year":"2017","unstructured":"Czubowicz K, G\u0142owacki M, Fersten E, Koz\u0142owska E, Strosznajder RP, Czernicki Z. Levels of selected pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in cerebrospinal fluid in patients with hydrocephalus. Folia Neuropathol. 2017, 55:301-7. 10.5114\/fn.2017.72389","journal-title":"Folia Neuropathol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31828c2fda","article-title":"Idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus: pathophysiology and diagnosis by CSF biomarkers","volume":"80","author":"Jeppsson A","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jeppsson A, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Wikkels\u00f8 C. Idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus: pathophysiology and diagnosis by CSF biomarkers. Neurology. 2013, 80:1385-92. 10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31828c2fda","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"Selected pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in cerebrospinal fluid in normal pressure hydrocephalus","volume":"35","author":"Sosvorova L","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sosvorova L, Vcelak J, Mohapl M, Vitku J, Bicikova M, Hampl R. Selected pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in cerebrospinal fluid in normal pressure hydrocephalus. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2014, 35:586-93.","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol Lett"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-022-00324-0","article-title":"Mechanisms of neuroinflammation in hydrocephalus after intraventricular hemorrhage: a review","volume":"19","author":"Holste KG","year":"2022","unstructured":"Holste KG, Xia F, Ye F, Keep RF, Xi G. Mechanisms of neuroinflammation in hydrocephalus after intraventricular hemorrhage: a review. Fluids Barriers CNS. 2022, 19:28. 10.1186\/s12987-022-00324-0","journal-title":"Fluids Barriers CNS"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4361","article-title":"Inflammation-dependent cerebrospinal fluid hypersecretion by the choroid plexus epithelium in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus","volume":"23","author":"Karimy JK","year":"2017","unstructured":"Karimy JK, Zhang J, Kurland DB, et al.. Inflammation-dependent cerebrospinal fluid hypersecretion by the choroid plexus epithelium in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus. Nat Med. 2017, 23:997-1003. 10.1038\/nm.4361","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/CPJ.0000000000001174","article-title":"Unusual post-COVID-19 presentation with Tetraventricular hydrocephalus: a case report","volume":"12","author":"Saini C","year":"2022","unstructured":"Saini C, Zaid GK, Gachechiladze L, Krishnan R. Unusual post-COVID-19 presentation with Tetraventricular hydrocephalus: a case report. Neurol Clin Pract. 2022, 12:e25-7. 10.1212\/CPJ.0000000000001174","journal-title":"Neurol Clin Pract"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07184-x","article-title":"Normal pressure hydrocephalus associated with COVID-19 infection: a case report","volume":"22","author":"Vasconcelos TM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vasconcelos TM, N\u00f3brega PR, Ferreira GM, et al.. Normal pressure hydrocephalus associated with COVID-19 infection: a case report. BMC Infect Dis. 2022, 22:216. 10.1186\/s12879-022-07184-x","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.30592","article-title":"COVID-19 infection presenting with severe hydrocephalus and acute stroke: a case report","volume":"14","author":"Oredipe O","year":"2022","unstructured":"Oredipe O, Johal AS, Onuegbu C, et al.. COVID-19 infection presenting with severe hydrocephalus and acute stroke: a case report. Cureus. 2022, 14:e30592. 10.7759\/cureus.30592","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8834822","article-title":"Inflammatory markers in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with hydrocephalus: a systematic literature review","volume":"2021","author":"Lolansen SD","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lolansen SD, Rostgaard N, Oernbo EK, Juhler M, Simonsen AH, MacAulay N. Inflammatory markers in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with hydrocephalus: a systematic literature review. Dis Markers. 2021, 2021:8834822. 10.1155\/2021\/8834822","journal-title":"Dis Markers"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13081","article-title":"The peripheral immune response after stroke-a double edge sword for blood-brain barrier integrity","volume":"24","author":"Li Y","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li Y, Zhu ZY, Huang TT, et al.. The peripheral immune response after stroke-a double edge sword for blood-brain barrier integrity. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2018, 24:1115-28. 10.1111\/cns.13081","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13077","article-title":"The evolving role of neuro-immune interaction in brain repair after cerebral ischemic stroke","volume":"24","author":"Wang X","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang X, Xuan W, Zhu ZY, et al.. The evolving role of neuro-immune interaction in brain repair after cerebral ischemic stroke. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2018, 24:1100-14. 10.1111\/cns.13077","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0197-4580(02)00187-2","article-title":"Normal pressure hydrocephalus triggers intrathecal production of TNF-alpha","volume":"24","author":"Tarkowski E","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tarkowski E, Tullberg M, Fredman P, Wikkels\u00f6 C. Normal pressure hydrocephalus triggers intrathecal production of TNF-alpha. Neurobiol Aging. 2003, 24:707-14. 10.1016\/s0197-4580(02)00187-2","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/msm.883586","article-title":"Comparison of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers between idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced chronic hydrocephalus: a pilot study","volume":"18","author":"Lee JH","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lee JH, Park DH, Back DB, et al.. Comparison of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers between idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced chronic hydrocephalus: a pilot study. Med Sci Monit. 2012, 18:PR19-25. 10.12659\/msm.883586","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.933069","article-title":"The impact of selected cytokines in the follow-up of normal pressure hydrocephalus","volume":"64","author":"Sosvorova L","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sosvorova L, Mohapl M, Vcelak J, Hill M, Vitku J, Hampl R. The impact of selected cytokines in the follow-up of normal pressure hydrocephalus. Physiol Res. 2015, 64:S283-90. 10.33549\/physiolres.933069","journal-title":"Physiol Res"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abm5505","article-title":"Innate immunological pathways in COVID-19 pathogenesis","volume":"7","author":"Paludan SR","year":"2022","unstructured":"Paludan SR, Mogensen TH. Innate immunological pathways in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Sci Immunol. 2022, 7:eabm5505. 10.1126\/sciimmunol.abm5505","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.2065","article-title":"Neuropathogenesis and neurologic manifestations of the coronaviruses in the age of coronavirus disease 2019: a review","volume":"77","author":"Zubair AS","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zubair AS, McAlpine LS, Gardin T, Farhadian S, Kuruvilla DE, Spudich S. Neuropathogenesis and neurologic manifestations of the coronaviruses in the age of coronavirus disease 2019: a review. JAMA Neurol. 2020, 77:1018-27. 10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.2065","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.573095","article-title":"The spatial and cell-type distribution of SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 in the human and mouse brains","volume":"11","author":"Chen R","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen R, Wang K, Yu J, et al.. The spatial and cell-type distribution of SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 in the human and mouse brains. Front Neurol. 2020, 11:573095. 10.3389\/fneur.2020.573095","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.052","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor","volume":"181","author":"Hoffmann M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hoffmann M, Kleine-Weber H, Schroeder S, et al.. SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor. Cell. 2020, 181:271-80.e8. 10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.052","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2021.01.016","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 targets glial cells in human cortical organoids","volume":"16","author":"McMahon CL","year":"2021","unstructured":"McMahon CL, Staples H, Gazi M, Carrion R, Hsieh J. SARS-CoV-2 targets glial cells in human cortical organoids. Stem Cell Reports. 2021, 16:1156-64. 10.1016\/j.stemcr.2021.01.016","journal-title":"Stem Cell Reports"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2020.10.001","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 infects the brain choroid plexus and disrupts the blood-CSF barrier in human brain organoids","volume":"27","author":"Pellegrini L","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pellegrini L, Albecka A, Mallery DL, et al.. SARS-CoV-2 infects the brain choroid plexus and disrupts the blood-CSF barrier in human brain organoids. Cell Stem Cell. 2020, 27:951-61.e5. 10.1016\/j.stem.2020.10.001","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.03022","article-title":"Fine tuning the cytokine storm by IFN and IL-10 following neurotropic coronavirus encephalomyelitis","volume":"9","author":"Savarin C","year":"2018","unstructured":"Savarin C, Bergmann CC. Fine tuning the cytokine storm by IFN and IL-10 following neurotropic coronavirus encephalomyelitis. Front Immunol. 2018, 9:3022. 10.3389\/fimmu.2018.03022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.13114","article-title":"The nervous system during COVID-19: caught in the crossfire","volume":"311","author":"Natale NR","year":"2022","unstructured":"Natale NR, Lukens JR, Petri WA Jr. The nervous system during COVID-19: caught in the crossfire. Immunol Rev. 2022, 311:90-111. 10.1111\/imr.13114","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000893","article-title":"Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the CSF, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and neurological outcome: studies in 8 stuporous and comatose patients","volume":"7","author":"Alexopoulos H","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alexopoulos H, Magira E, Bitzogli K, et al.. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the CSF, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and neurological outcome: studies in 8 stuporous and comatose patients. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2020, 7:10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000893","journal-title":"Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/134018-hydrocephalus-as-possible-prodromal-manifestation-of-covid-19-a-report-of-two-cases","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T19:50:47Z","timestamp":1707508247000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/134018-hydrocephalus-as-possible-prodromal-manifestation-of-covid-19-a-report-of-two-cases"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]]},"references-count":28,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.34371","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]]}}}