{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T15:27:58Z","timestamp":1791559678270,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,5]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.34639","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,5]],"date-time":"2023-02-05T09:54:15Z","timestamp":1675590855000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Is Sunshine Vitamin Related to Adolescent Depression? A Cross-Sectional Study of Vitamin D Status and Depression Among Rural Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Pradeep","family":"Tarikere Satyanarayana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravishankar","family":"Suryanarayana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna","family":"Theophilus Yesupatham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudha","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Navya","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-0218.164378","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency: Is the pandemic for real?","volume":"40","author":"Shah D","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shah D, Gupta P. Vitamin D deficiency: Is the pandemic for real?. Indian J Community Med. 2015, 40:215-7. 10.4103\/0970-0218.164378","journal-title":"Indian J Community Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000505635","article-title":"Vitamin D in toddlers, preschool children, and adolescents","volume":"76 Suppl 2","author":"Taylor SN","year":"2020","unstructured":"Taylor SN. Vitamin D in toddlers, preschool children, and adolescents. Ann Nutr Metab. 2020, 76 Suppl 2:30-41. 10.1159\/000505635","journal-title":"Ann Nutr Metab"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.145043","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in adolescents","volume":"18","author":"Soliman AT","year":"2014","unstructured":"Soliman AT, De Sanctis V, Elalaily R, Bedair S, Kassem I. Vitamin D deficiency in adolescents. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2014, 18:S9-S16. 10.4103\/2230-8210.145043","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jped.2020.08.006","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in children and adolescents with obesity: A meta-analysis,","volume":"97","author":"Fiamenghi VI","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fiamenghi VI, Mello ED. Vitamin D deficiency in children and adolescents with obesity: A meta-analysis,. Jornal de Pediatria. 2021, 97:273-279.","journal-title":"Jornal de Pediatria"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-1559","article-title":"Sun exposure behavior, seasonal vitamin D deficiency, and relationship to bone health in adolescents","volume":"101","author":"Farrar MD","year":"2016","unstructured":"Farrar MD, Mughal MZ, Adams JE, et al.. Sun exposure behavior, seasonal vitamin D deficiency, and relationship to bone health in adolescents. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016, 101:3105-13. 10.1210\/jc.2016-1559","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/IJPSYM.IJPSYM_160_19","article-title":"Vitamin D and depression: A critical appraisal of the evidence and future directions","volume":"42","author":"Menon V","year":"2020","unstructured":"Menon V, Kar SK, Suthar N, Nebhinani N. Vitamin D and depression: A critical appraisal of the evidence and future directions. Indian J Psychol Med. 2020, 42:11-21. 10.4103\/IJPSYM.IJPSYM_160_19","journal-title":"Indian J Psychol Med"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"The vitamin D deficiency pandemic: A forgotten hormone important for health","volume":"1","author":"Holick","year":"2010","unstructured":"Holick, MF. The vitamin D deficiency pandemic: A forgotten hormone important for health. Public Health Reviews. 2010, 1:267-283.","journal-title":"Public Health Reviews"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glx130","article-title":"Associations between vitamin D levels and depressive symptoms in later life: Evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA)","volume":"73","author":"de Oliveira C","year":"2017","unstructured":"de Oliveira C, Hirani V, Biddulph JP. Associations between vitamin D levels and depressive symptoms in later life: Evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2017, 73:1377-82. 10.1093\/gerona\/glx130","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"Distribution of the vitamin D receptor and 1\u03b1-hydroxylase in human brain","volume":"29","author":"Eyles DW","year":"2005","unstructured":"Eyles DW, Smith S, Kinobe R, Hewison M, McGrath JJ. Distribution of the vitamin D receptor and 1\u03b1-hydroxylase in human brain. Jr Chem Neuro. 2005, 29:21-30.","journal-title":"Jr Chem Neuro"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-14-134","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency is common in psychogeriatric patients, independent of diagnosis","volume":"14","author":"Gr\u00f8nli O","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gr\u00f8nli O, Kvamme JM, Jorde R, Wynn R. Vitamin D deficiency is common in psychogeriatric patients, independent of diagnosis. BMC Psychiatry. 2014, 14:134. 10.1186\/1471-244X-14-134","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glu184","article-title":"Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations predict incident depression in well-functioning older adults: The Health, aging, and body composition study","volume":"70","author":"Williams JA","year":"2014","unstructured":"Williams JA, Sink KM, Tooze JA, et al.. Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations predict incident depression in well-functioning older adults: The Health, aging, and body composition study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2014, 70:757-63. 10.1093\/gerona\/glu184","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-017-2577-9","article-title":"Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children (6-18\u00a0years) residing in Kullu and Kangra Districts of Himachal Pradesh, India","volume":"85","author":"Kapil U","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kapil U, Pandey RM, Sharma B, Ramakrishnan L, Sharma N, Singh G, Sareen N. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children (6-18\u00a0years) residing in Kullu and Kangra Districts of Himachal Pradesh, India. Indian J Pediatr. 2018, 85:344-50. 10.1007\/s12098-017-2577-9","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"Beck's Depression inventory-II","volume":"1","author":"Beck AT","year":"1996","unstructured":"Beck AT, Steer RA, Brown G. Beck's Depression inventory-II. PsycTESTS Dataset. 1996, 1:10-37.","journal-title":"PsycTESTS Dataset"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-022-2448-y","article-title":"Indian Academy of Pediatrics revised (2021) guidelines on prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency and rickets","volume":"59","author":"Gupta P","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gupta P, Dabas A, Seth A, et al.. Indian Academy of Pediatrics revised (2021) guidelines on prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency and rickets. Indian Pediatr. 2022, 59:142-58.","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2018.06.018","article-title":"Association between vitamin D deficiency and depression in Nepalese population","volume":"267","author":"Sherchand O","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sherchand O, Sapkota N, Chaudhari RK, et al.. Association between vitamin D deficiency and depression in Nepalese population. Psychiatry Res. 2018, 267:266-71. 10.1016\/j.psychres.2018.06.018","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980016000811","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency and depression among women from an urban community in a tropical country","volume":"20","author":"Moy FM","year":"2017","unstructured":"Moy FM, Hoe VC, Hairi NN, Vethakkan SR, Bulgiba A. Vitamin D deficiency and depression among women from an urban community in a tropical country. Public Health Nutr. 2017, 20:1844-50. 10.1017\/S1368980016000811","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"Vitamin D and depressive symptoms in an early adolescent cohort","volume":"18","author":"Wang G","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang G, Yuan M, Chang J, et al.. Vitamin D and depressive symptoms in an early adolescent cohort. Psychological Medicine. 2022, 18:1-9. .","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12071938","article-title":"Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are associated with mental health and psychosocial stress in young adults","volume":"12","author":"Chen L","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen L, Zhu H, Harshfield GA, et al.. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are associated with mental health and psychosocial stress in young adults. Nutrients. 2020, 12:1938. 10.3390\/nu12071938","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-018-1637-7","article-title":"Effect of an vitamin D deficiency on depressive symptoms in child and adolescent psychiatric patients - a randomized controlled trial: study protocol","volume":"18","author":"F\u00f6cker M","year":"2018","unstructured":"F\u00f6cker M, Antel J, Grasemann C, et al.. Effect of an vitamin D deficiency on depressive symptoms in child and adolescent psychiatric patients - a randomized controlled trial: study protocol. BMC Psychiatry. 2018, 18:57. 10.1186\/s12888-018-1637-7","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxz185","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in middle childhood is related to behavior problems in adolescence","volume":"150","author":"Robinson SL","year":"2020","unstructured":"Robinson SL, Mar\u00edn C, Oliveros H, Mora-Plazas M, Lozoff B, Villamor E. Vitamin D deficiency in middle childhood is related to behavior problems in adolescence. J Nutr. 2020, 150:140-8. 10.1093\/jn\/nxz185","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4172\/Neuropsychiatry.1000255","article-title":"Depression and vitamin D deficiency: Causality, assessment, and clinical practice implications","volume":"7","author":"Cuomo A","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cuomo A. Depression and vitamin D deficiency: Causality, assessment, and clinical practice implications. Neuropsychiatry. 2017, 7:606-614.","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatry"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"Is vitamin D important in anxiety or depression? What is the truth?","volume":"13","author":"Akp\u0131nar \u015e","year":"2020","unstructured":"Akp\u0131nar \u015e, Karada\u011f MG. Is vitamin D important in anxiety or depression? What is the truth?. Cur Nutri. 2020, 13:1-7.","journal-title":"Cur Nutri"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.24363","article-title":"Depression and vitamin D: A peculiar relationship","volume":"14","author":"Saji Parel N","year":"2022","unstructured":"Saji Parel N, Krishna PV, Gupta A, et al.. Depression and vitamin D: A peculiar relationship. Cureus. 2022, 14:e24363. 10.7759\/cureus.24363","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"25(OH)D levels are decreased in patients with difficult-to-treat depression","volume":"10","author":"Grudet C","year":"2022","unstructured":"Grudet C, Lindqvist D, Malm J, Westrin \u00c5, Ventorp F. 25(OH)D levels are decreased in patients with difficult-to-treat depression. Comp Psyc. 2022, 10:100126.","journal-title":"Comp Psyc"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"Vitamin D and depression: cellular and regulatory mechanisms","volume":"69(2)","author":"Berridge MJ","year":"2017","unstructured":"Berridge MJ. Vitamin D and depression: cellular and regulatory mechanisms. Pharma Rev. 2017, 69(2):80-92.","journal-title":"Pharma Rev"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6133\/apjcn.201912_28(4).0003","article-title":"Vitamin D and depression: mechanisms, determination and application","volume":"28","author":"Geng C","year":"2019","unstructured":"Geng C, Shaikh AS, Han W, Chen D, Guo Y, Jiang P. Vitamin D and depression: mechanisms, determination and application. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2019, 28:689-94. 10.6133\/apjcn.201912_28(4).0003","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-019-05202-4","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders in US adults with food insecurity","volume":"34","author":"Arenas DJ","year":"2019","unstructured":"Arenas DJ, Thomas A, Wang J, DeLisser HM. A systematic review and meta-analysis of depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders in US adults with food insecurity. J Gen Intern Med. 2019, 34:2874-82. 10.1007\/s11606-019-05202-4","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"Vitamin D is a potential antidepressant in psychiatric outpatients","volume":"56","author":"Abdul-Razzak KK","year":"2018","unstructured":"Abdul-Razzak KK, Safa\u2019a OA, Obeidat BA, Khasawneh AG, et al.. Vitamin D is a potential antidepressant in psychiatric outpatients. Jr Clin Pharma. 2018, 56:585-596.","journal-title":"Jr Clin Pharma"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.02.004","article-title":"Vitamin D effects on musculoskeletal health, immunity, autoimmunity, cardiovascular disease, cancer, fertility, pregnancy, dementia and mortality-a review of recent evidence","volume":"12","author":"Pludowski P","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pludowski P, Holick MF, Pilz S, et al.. Vitamin D effects on musculoskeletal health, immunity, autoimmunity, cardiovascular disease, cancer, fertility, pregnancy, dementia and mortality-a review of recent evidence. Autoimmun Rev. 2013, 12:976-89. 10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.02.004","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmaa021","article-title":"Assessing the evidence of micronutrients on depression among children and adolescents: An evidence gap map","volume":"11","author":"Campisi SC","year":"2020","unstructured":"Campisi SC, Zasowski C, Shah S, Shah A, Bradley-Ridout G, Korczak DJ, Szatmari P. Assessing the evidence of micronutrients on depression among children and adolescents: An evidence gap map. Adv Nutr. 2020, 11:908-27. 10.1093\/advances\/nmaa021","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/133868-is-sunshine-vitamin-related-to-adolescent-depression-a-cross-sectional-study-of-vitamin-d-status-and-depression-among-rural-adolescents","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T19:49:26Z","timestamp":1707508166000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/133868-is-sunshine-vitamin-related-to-adolescent-depression-a-cross-sectional-study-of-vitamin-d-status-and-depression-among-rural-adolescents"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,5]]},"references-count":30,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.34639","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,5]]}}}