{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T08:22:46Z","timestamp":1765354966176},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.40436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T03:49:36Z","timestamp":1686800976000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Cross-Sectional Study on Self-Medication Prevalence and Usage Patterns: An Alarming Concept Among the Saudi Population"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Abdul Salam","family":"Thekkiniyakath Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman Abdulelah","family":"A Alsheraihi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saed Saeed","family":"Ibrahim Alghamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rahaf","family":"Sulaiman Alsuwaylihi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suha","family":"Sulaiman Alenazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lamia","family":"Saad Bin Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"The role of the pharmacist in self-care and self-medication. (1998). Accessed. May 25, 2023: https:\/\/www.utep.edu\/herbal-safety\/herbal-facts\/files\/WHO-Role-of-Pharmacist-1998.pdf."},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"Responsible self-medication. (1999). Accessed. January 24, 2023: https:\/\/www.fip.org\/file\/1562."},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"WSMI declaration on self-care and self medication, 2006a. (2006). Accessed. January 23, 2023: https:\/\/www.wsmi.org\/what-is-self-care."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1984-82502009000400004","article-title":"Responsible self-medication: review of the process of pharmaceutical attendance","volume":"45","author":"Galato D","year":"2009","unstructured":"Galato D, Galafassi Lde M, Alano GM, Trauthman SC. Responsible self-medication: review of the process of pharmaceutical attendance. Braz J Pharm Sci. 2009, 45:625-33. 10.1590\/S1984-82502009000400004","journal-title":"Braz J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20420986221127501","article-title":"Definition of self-medication: a scoping review","volume":"13","author":"Baracaldo-Santamar\u00eda D","year":"2022","unstructured":"Baracaldo-Santamar\u00eda D, Trujillo-Moreno MJ, P\u00e9rez-Acosta AM, Feliciano-Alfonso JE, Calderon-Ospina CA, Soler F. Definition of self-medication: a scoping review. Ther Adv Drug Saf. 2022, 13:20420986221127501. 10.1177\/20420986221127501","journal-title":"Ther Adv Drug Saf"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-0105.128253","article-title":"Self-medication: a current challenge","volume":"5","author":"Bennadi D","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bennadi D. Self-medication: a current challenge. J Basic Clin Pharm. 2013, 5:19-23. 10.4103\/0976-0105.128253","journal-title":"J Basic Clin Pharm"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.1041695","article-title":"Prevalence of self-medication during COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Kazemioula G","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kazemioula G, Golestani S, Alavi SM, Taheri F, Gheshlagh RG, Lotfalizadeh MH. Prevalence of self-medication during COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health. 2022, 10:1041695. 10.3389\/fpubh.2022.1041695","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52403\/ijhsr.20220223","article-title":"Self-medication among health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in southern Nigeria: knowledge, patterns, practice, and associated factors","volume":"12","author":"Aitafo JE","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aitafo JE, Wonodi W, Briggs DC, West BA. Self-medication among health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in southern Nigeria: knowledge, patterns, practice, and associated factors. Int J Health Sci Res. 2022, 12:1-14. 10.52403\/ijhsr.20220223","journal-title":"Int J Health Sci Res"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-2109-3","article-title":"Household antimicrobial self-medication: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the burden, risk factors and outcomes in developing countries","volume":"15","author":"Ocan M","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ocan M, Obuku EA, Bwanga F, Akena D, Richard S, Ogwal-Okeng J, Obua C. Household antimicrobial self-medication: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the burden, risk factors and outcomes in developing countries. BMC Public Health. 2015, 15:742. 10.1186\/s12889-015-2109-3","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52403\/ijrr.20220938","article-title":"A study to assess the effect of media in promoting self-medication use","volume":"9","author":"Ephrem A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ephrem A, Thomas SE, Sreekutty R, Moosa S, Ali KMM. A study to assess the effect of media in promoting self-medication use. Int J Res Rev. 2022, 9:348-54. 10.52403\/ijrr.20220938","journal-title":"Int J Res Rev"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.33759","article-title":"Evaluation of some dental myths among the adult population in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study","volume":"15","author":"Salam TA","year":"2023","unstructured":"Salam TA, Khinda VI, Alghamdi AM, et al.. Evaluation of some dental myths among the adult population in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. Cureus. 2023, 15:e33759. 10.7759\/cureus.33759","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.2428","article-title":"Self-medication with antibiotics in who Southeast Asian region: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Nepal G","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nepal G, Bhatta S. Self-medication with antibiotics in who Southeast Asian region: a systematic review. Cureus. 2018, 10:e2428. 10.7759\/cureus.2428","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2018.02.018","article-title":"Self-medication with antibiotics in Saudi Arabia","volume":"26","author":"Alghadeer S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alghadeer S, Aljuaydi K, Babelghaith S, Alhammad A, Alarifi MN. Self-medication with antibiotics in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharm J. 2018, 26:719-24. 10.1016\/j.jsps.2018.02.018","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm J"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18203\/2394-6040.ijcmph20173192","article-title":"A systematic review of the literature on survey questionnaires to assess self-medication practices","volume":"4","author":"Limaye D","year":"2017","unstructured":"Limaye D, Limaye V, Krause G, Fortwengel G. A systematic review of the literature on survey questionnaires to assess self-medication practices. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2017, 4:2620-31. 10.18203\/2394-6040.ijcmph20173192","journal-title":"Int J Community Med Public Health"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Self-medication amongst university students of Karachi: prevalence, knowledge and attitudes","volume":"58","author":"Zafar SN","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zafar SN, Syed R, Waqar S, et al.. Self-medication amongst university students of Karachi: prevalence, knowledge and attitudes. J Pak Med Assoc. 2008, 58:214-7.","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.29944","article-title":"A cross-sectional study of the knowledge, attitude, and practice of self-medication among the general population in the western region of Saudi Arabia","volume":"14","author":"Almalki ME","year":"2022","unstructured":"Almalki ME, Almuqati FS, Alwezainani MO, Makki SY, Alqasem MA, Alsharif FF, Hassan-Hussein A. A cross-sectional study of the knowledge, attitude, and practice of self-medication among the general population in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Cureus. 2022, 14:e29944. 10.7759\/cureus.29944","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.05.010","article-title":"Assessment of self-medication practice and the potential to use a mobile app to ensure safe and effective self-medication among the public in Saudi Arabia","volume":"30","author":"Alsaad HA","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alsaad HA, Almahdi JS, Alsalameen NA, Alomar FA, Islam MA. Assessment of self-medication practice and the potential to use a mobile app to ensure safe and effective self-medication among the public in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharm J. 2022, 30:927-33. 10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.05.010","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm J"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.33634","article-title":"Attitude of self-medication among pharmacy students in King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional survey","volume":"15","author":"Althagafi A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Althagafi A, Alhakamy N, Al-Ghamdi A, et al.. Attitude of self-medication among pharmacy students in King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional survey. Cureus. 2023, 15:e33634. 10.7759\/cureus.33634","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2020.37.51.24098","article-title":"Current self-medication practices in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: an observational study","volume":"37","author":"Al-Ghamdi S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Al-Ghamdi S, Alfauri TM, Alharbi MA, et al.. Current self-medication practices in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: an observational study. Pan Afr Med J. 2020, 37:51. 10.11604\/pamj.2020.37.51.24098","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.26719\/2011.17.5.409","article-title":"Self-medication practice among patients in a public health care system","volume":"17","author":"Alghanim SA","year":"2011","unstructured":"Alghanim SA. Self-medication practice among patients in a public health care system. East Mediterr Health J. 2011, 17:409-16.","journal-title":"East Mediterr Health J"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmacy5030051","article-title":"Prevalence of self-medication among students of pharmacy and medicine colleges of a public sector university in Dammam City, Saudi Arabia","volume":"5","author":"Albusalih FA","year":"2017","unstructured":"Albusalih FA, Naqvi AA, Ahmad R, Ahmad N. Prevalence of self-medication among students of pharmacy and medicine colleges of a public sector university in Dammam City, Saudi Arabia. Pharmacy (Basel). 2017, 5:10.3390\/pharmacy5030051","journal-title":"Pharmacy (Basel)"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"Frequency of using non-prescribed medication in Majmaah city, Saudi Arabia-A cross sectional study","volume":"65","author":"Alzahrani M","year":"2015","unstructured":"Alzahrani M, Alhindi T, Almutairi A, Aldajani M, Sami W. Frequency of using non-prescribed medication in Majmaah city, Saudi Arabia-A cross sectional study. J Pak Med Assoc. 2015, 65:825-8.","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/sjhs.sjhs_9_19","article-title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward self-medication in a rural population in South-Western Saudi Arabia","volume":"8","author":"Makeen HA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Makeen HA, Albarraq AA, Banji OF, et al.. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward self-medication in a rural population in South-Western Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Health Sci. 2019, 8:54-9. 10.4103\/sjhs.sjhs_9_19","journal-title":"Saudi J Health Sci"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0269622","article-title":"Risk factors associated with self-medication among the indigenous communities of Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh","volume":"17","author":"Saha A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Saha A, Marma KK, Rashid A, et al.. Risk factors associated with self-medication among the indigenous communities of Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh. PLoS One. 2022, 17:e0269622. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0269622","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"Self-medication trends in Saudi households by the pharmacist: a questionnaire survey among community pharmacist in Jeddah Province, Saudi Arabia","volume":"10","author":"Alrabat A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alrabat A, El Wakeel E, Anwar S, Aljahdaly AH, Aljahdali FH, Alamri S. Self-medication trends in Saudi households by the pharmacist: a questionnaire survey among community pharmacist in Jeddah Province, Saudi Arabia. J Res Med Dent Sci. 2022, 10:144-50.","journal-title":"J Res Med Dent Sci"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"Prevalence and factors influencing self-medication in Medina Al-Munawara, Saudi Arabia","volume":"11","author":"Allam TA","year":"2020","unstructured":"Allam TA, Amer SM. Prevalence and factors influencing self-medication in Medina Al-Munawara, Saudi Arabia. Arch Pharm Pract. 2020, 11:43-54.","journal-title":"Arch Pharm Pract"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0232322","article-title":"Consumers' awareness, attitude and associated factors towards self-medication in Hail, Saudi Arabia","volume":"15","author":"Ansari M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ansari M, Alanazi A, Moin A. Consumers' awareness, attitude and associated factors towards self-medication in Hail, Saudi Arabia. PLoS One. 2020, 15:e0232322. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0232322","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.315.8216","article-title":"Prevalence and pattern of self-medication in Karachi: a community survey","volume":"31","author":"Afridi MI","year":"2015","unstructured":"Afridi MI, Rasool G, Tabassum R, Shaheen M, Siddiqullah, Shujauddin M. Prevalence and pattern of self-medication in Karachi: a community survey. Pak J Med Sci. 2015, 31:1241-5. 10.12669\/pjms.315.8216","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci"},{"key":"ref29","article-title":"Self medication practice among adults of Ahmedabad city","volume":"3","author":"Puwar B","year":"2012","unstructured":"Puwar B. Self medication practice among adults of Ahmedabad city. Healthline. 2012, 3:1-3.","journal-title":"Healthline"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42269-020-00351-7","article-title":"Prevalence and associated risk factors of self-medication among patients attending El-Mahsama family practice center, Ismailia, Egypt","volume":"44","author":"Zeid W","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zeid W, Hamed M, Mansour N, et al.. Prevalence and associated risk factors of self-medication among patients attending El-Mahsama family practice center, Ismailia, Egypt. Bull Natl Res Cent. 2020, 44:92. 10.1186\/s42269-020-00351-7","journal-title":"Bull Natl Res Cent"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmacy6010015","article-title":"Patterns of self-medication behavior for oral health problems among adults living in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","volume":"6","author":"Aldeeri A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Aldeeri A, Alzaid H, Alshunaiber R, Meaigel S, Shaheen NA, Adlan A. Patterns of self-medication behavior for oral health problems among adults living in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Pharmacy (Basel). 2018, 6:10.3390\/pharmacy6010015","journal-title":"Pharmacy (Basel)"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2021.102207","article-title":"Patterns of self-medication in Qassim Province,Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study","volume":"64","author":"AlGhofaili F","year":"2021","unstructured":"AlGhofaili F. Patterns of self-medication in Qassim Province,Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021, 64:102207. 10.1016\/j.amsu.2021.102207","journal-title":"Ann Med Surg (Lond)"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0194122","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants of self-medication practice among selected households in Addis Ababa community","volume":"13","author":"Shafie M","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shafie M, Eyasu M, Muzeyin K, Worku Y, Mart\u00edn-Arag\u00f3n S. Prevalence and determinants of self-medication practice among selected households in Addis Ababa community. PLoS One. 2018, 13:e0194122. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0194122","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/159153-a-cross-sectional-study-on-self-medication-prevalence-and-usage-patterns-an-alarming-concept-among-the-saudi-population","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T20:01:57Z","timestamp":1707508917000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/159153-a-cross-sectional-study-on-self-medication-prevalence-and-usage-patterns-an-alarming-concept-among-the-saudi-population"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]]},"references-count":33,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.40436","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]]}}}