{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:22:16Z","timestamp":1785414136813,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.45584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]],"date-time":"2023-09-20T08:08:38Z","timestamp":1695197318000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Male Infertility: Causes and Management at a Tertiary Care Center in India"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Sumesh","family":"Choudhary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vineet","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pritti","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hardik","family":"Sheth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahnuma","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mainul","family":"Haque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santosh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Male Infertility. In. StatPearls. (2023). Accessed: July 29, 2023: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK562258\/."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-1208.170370","article-title":"Trends of male factor infertility, an important cause of infertility: a review of literature","volume":"8","author":"Kumar N","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kumar N, Singh AK. Trends of male factor infertility, an important cause of infertility: a review of literature. J Hum Reprod Sci. 2015, 8:191-6. 10.4103\/0974-1208.170370","journal-title":"J Hum Reprod Sci"},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"Semen Analysis. In. StatPearls. (2023). Accessed: July 29, 2023: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK564369\/."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S241099","article-title":"Some of the factors involved in male infertility: a prospective review","volume":"13","author":"Babakhanzadeh E","year":"2020","unstructured":"Babakhanzadeh E, Nazari M, Ghasemifar S, Khodadadian A. Some of the factors involved in male infertility: a prospective review. Int J Gen Med. 2020, 13:29-41. 10.2147\/IJGM.S241099","journal-title":"Int J Gen Med"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13596-017-0269-7","article-title":"Classification, causes, diagnosis and treatment of male infertility: a review","volume":"17","author":"Naz M","year":"2017","unstructured":"Naz M, Kamal M. Classification, causes, diagnosis and treatment of male infertility: a review. Orient Pharm Exp Med. 2017, 17:89-109. 10.1007\/s13596-017-0269-7","journal-title":"Orient Pharm Exp Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Techniques. In. StatPearls. (2023). Accessed: July 29, 2023: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK576409\/.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003268598-5"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-021-00829-3","article-title":"The future of IVF: the new normal in human reproduction","volume":"29","author":"Kushnir VA","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kushnir VA, Smith GD, Adashi EY. The future of IVF: the new normal in human reproduction. Reprod Sci. 2022, 29:849-56. 10.1007\/s43032-021-00829-3","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dez281","article-title":"School performance in children born after ICSI","volume":"35","author":"Norrman E","year":"2020","unstructured":"Norrman E, Petzold M, Bergh C, Wennerholm UB. School performance in children born after ICSI. Hum Reprod. 2020, 35:340-54. 10.1093\/humrep\/dez281","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoaa042","article-title":"Health and fertility of ICSI-conceived young men: study protocol","volume":"2020","author":"Catford SR","year":"2020","unstructured":"Catford SR, Lewis S, Halliday J, et al.. Health and fertility of ICSI-conceived young men: study protocol. Hum Reprod Open. 2020, 2020:hoaa042. 10.1093\/hropen\/hoaa042","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Open"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12687-021-00510-x","article-title":"Hereditary diseases and child wish: exploring motives, considerations, and the (joint) decision-making process of genetically at-risk couples","volume":"12","author":"Severijns Y","year":"2021","unstructured":"Severijns Y, de Die-Smulders CE, G\u00fcltzow T, de Vries H, van Osch LA. Hereditary diseases and child wish: exploring motives, considerations, and the (joint) decision-making process of genetically at-risk couples. J Community Genet. 2021, 12:325-35. 10.1007\/s12687-021-00510-x","journal-title":"J Community Genet"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060517718771","article-title":"Multicenter study of genetic abnormalities associated with severe oligospermia and non-obstructive azoospermia","volume":"46","author":"Xie C","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xie C, Chen X, Liu Y, Wu Z, Ping P. Multicenter study of genetic abnormalities associated with severe oligospermia and non-obstructive azoospermia. J Int Med Res. 2018, 46:107-14. 10.1177\/0300060517718771","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejhg.5201263","article-title":"An excess of chromosome 1 breakpoints in male infertility","volume":"12","author":"Bache I","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bache I, Assche EV, Cingoz S, et al.. An excess of chromosome 1 breakpoints in male infertility. Eur J Hum Genet. 2004, 12:993-1000. 10.1038\/sj.ejhg.5201263","journal-title":"Eur J Hum Genet"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpuro0879","article-title":"Risk of transmission of genetic diseases by assisted reproduction","volume":"4","author":"Lipshultz LI","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lipshultz LI, Lamb DJ. Risk of transmission of genetic diseases by assisted reproduction. Nat Clin Pract Urol. 2007, 4:460-1. 10.1038\/ncpuro0879","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Urol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpuro0775","article-title":"Klinefelter syndrome in clinical practice","volume":"4","author":"Bojesen A","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bojesen A, Gravholt CH. Klinefelter syndrome in clinical practice. Nat Clin Pract Urol. 2007, 4:192-204. 10.1038\/ncpuro0775","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Urol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmb2.12336","article-title":"Genetic disorders and male infertility","volume":"19","author":"Kuroda S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kuroda S, Usui K, Sanjo H, Takeshima T, Kawahara T, Uemura H, Yumura Y. Genetic disorders and male infertility. Reprod Med Biol. 2020, 19:314-22. 10.1002\/rmb2.12336","journal-title":"Reprod Med Biol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2006.04.041","article-title":"Chromosome abnormalities in one thousand infertile males with nonobstructive sperm disorders","volume":"86","author":"Elghezal H","year":"2006","unstructured":"Elghezal H, Hidar S, Braham R, Denguezli W, Ajina M, Sa\u00e2d A. Chromosome abnormalities in one thousand infertile males with nonobstructive sperm disorders. Fertil Steril. 2006, 86:1792-5. 10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2006.04.041","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.1.82","article-title":"Chromosomal factors of infertility in candidate couples for ICSI: an equal risk of constitutional aberrations in women and men","volume":"16","author":"Gekas J","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gekas J, Thepot F, Turleau C, et al.. Chromosomal factors of infertility in candidate couples for ICSI: an equal risk of constitutional aberrations in women and men. Hum Reprod. 2001, 16:82-90. 10.1093\/humrep\/16.1.82","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-013-9990-4","article-title":"Chromosomal abnormalities in patients with oligozoospermia and non-obstructive azoospermia","volume":"30","author":"Pylyp LY","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pylyp LY, Spinenko LO, Verhoglyad NV, Zukin VD. Chromosomal abnormalities in patients with oligozoospermia and non-obstructive azoospermia. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2013, 30:729-32. 10.1007\/s10815-013-9990-4","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-009-9366-y","article-title":"Cytogenetic abnormalities detected in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia","volume":"27","author":"Ko\u015far PA","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ko\u015far PA, Oz\u00e7elik N, Ko\u015far A. Cytogenetic abnormalities detected in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2010, 27:17-21. 10.1007\/s10815-009-9366-y","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11082151","article-title":"Epigenetic risks of medically assisted reproduction","volume":"11","author":"Sciorio R","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sciorio R, El Hajj N. Epigenetic risks of medically assisted reproduction. J Clin Med. 2022, 11:10.3390\/jcm11082151","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-020-01999-w","article-title":"Three hour abstinence as a treatment for high sperm DNA fragmentation: a prospective cohort study","volume":"38","author":"Dahan MH","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dahan MH, Mills G, Khoudja R, Gagnon A, Tan G, Tan SL. Three hour abstinence as a treatment for high sperm DNA fragmentation: a prospective cohort study. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2021, 38:227-33. 10.1007\/s10815-020-01999-w","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/aja.2011.65","article-title":"Male factor infertility and ART","volume":"14","author":"Tournaye H","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tournaye H. Male factor infertility and ART. Asian J Androl. 2012, 14:103-8. 10.1038\/aja.2011.65","journal-title":"Asian J Androl"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-018-1178-5","article-title":"Surgically acquired sperm use for assisted reproductive technology: trends and perinatal outcomes, USA, 2004-2015","volume":"35","author":"Kawwass JF","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kawwass JF, Chang J, Boulet SL, Nangia A, Mehta A, Kissin DM. Surgically acquired sperm use for assisted reproductive technology: trends and perinatal outcomes, USA, 2004-2015. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2018, 35:1229-37. 10.1007\/s10815-018-1178-5","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmx021","article-title":"The diagnosis of male infertility: an analysis of the evidence to support the development of global WHO guidance-challenges and future research opportunities","volume":"23","author":"Barratt CL","year":"2017","unstructured":"Barratt CL, Bj\u00f6rndahl L, De Jonge CJ, et al.. The diagnosis of male infertility: an analysis of the evidence to support the development of global WHO guidance-challenges and future research opportunities. Hum Reprod Update. 2017, 23:660-80. 10.1093\/humupd\/dmx021","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life11121368","article-title":"The sixth edition of the WHO manual for human semen analysis: a critical review and SWOT analysis","volume":"11","author":"Boitrelle F","year":"2021","unstructured":"Boitrelle F, Shah R, Saleh R, et al.. The sixth edition of the WHO manual for human semen analysis: a critical review and SWOT analysis. Life (Basel). 2021, 11:10.3390\/life11121368","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/iju.IJU_30_17","article-title":"Decline in semen parameters from 2000 to 2016 among Bangladeshi men attending a tertiary care hospital","volume":"34","author":"Mahmud N","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mahmud N, Sharmin E, Mamun MA, Shamayeen Z, Rivadeneira N, Rochat R, Mehta A. Decline in semen parameters from 2000 to 2016 among Bangladeshi men attending a tertiary care hospital. Indian J Urol. 2018, 34:28-33. 10.4103\/iju.IJU_30_17","journal-title":"Indian J Urol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-258X.321136","article-title":"Male infertility in India: demographics, aetiology and outcomes of standard clinical practice","volume":"33","author":"Kaushal R","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kaushal R, Gurnani N, Kumar M, Dada R, Kumar R. Male infertility in India: demographics, aetiology and outcomes of standard clinical practice. Natl Med J India. 2020, 33:340-3. 10.4103\/0970-258X.321136","journal-title":"Natl Med J India"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10006-1399","article-title":"Study of evaluation of causes of male infertility at a tertiary care hospital","volume":"8","author":"Umashankar K","year":"2016","unstructured":"Umashankar K, Cristy R, Mukherjee J, Banerjee S, Seal B, Drakshyani C. Study of evaluation of causes of male infertility at a tertiary care hospital. J South Asian Fed Obstet Gynaecol. 2016, 8:113-22. 10.5005\/jp-journals-10006-1399","journal-title":"J South Asian Fed Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref29","article-title":"Y chromosome microdeletions in infertile men with non-obstructive azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia","volume":"18","author":"Kim SY","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim SY, Kim HJ, Lee BY, Park SY, Lee HS, Seo JT. Y chromosome microdeletions in infertile men with non-obstructive azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia. J Reprod Infertil. 2017, 18:307-15.","journal-title":"J Reprod Infertil"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(97)00032-0","article-title":"Testicular sperm extraction with intracytoplasmic sperm injection for non-obstructive azoospermia","volume":"49","author":"Schlegel PN","year":"1997","unstructured":"Schlegel PN, Palermo GD, Goldstein M, et al.. Testicular sperm extraction with intracytoplasmic sperm injection for non-obstructive azoospermia. Urology. 1997, 49:435-40. 10.1016\/S0090-4295(97)00032-0","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1472-6483(10)60911-x","article-title":"Y chromosome assessment and its implications for the development of ICSI children","volume":"8","author":"Katagiri Y","year":"2004","unstructured":"Katagiri Y, Neri QV, Takeuchi T, et al.. Y chromosome assessment and its implications for the development of ICSI children. Reprod Biomed Online. 2004, 8:307-18. 10.1016\/s1472-6483(10)60911-x","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1469","article-title":"Genetic abnormalities among severely oligospermic men who are candidates for intracytoplasmic sperm injection","volume":"90","author":"Foresta C","year":"2005","unstructured":"Foresta C, Garolla A, Bartoloni L, Bettella A, Ferlin A. Genetic abnormalities among severely oligospermic men who are candidates for intracytoplasmic sperm injection. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005, 90:152-6. 10.1210\/jc.2004-1469","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-021-025063-x","article-title":"Sertoli cell-only syndrome: etiology and clinical management","volume":"38","author":"Ghanami Gashti N","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ghanami Gashti N, Sadighi Gilani MA, Abbasi M. Sertoli cell-only syndrome: etiology and clinical management. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2021, 38:559-72. 10.1007\/s10815-021-025063-x","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/7.10.987","article-title":"High deletion frequency of the complete AZFa sequence in men with Sertoli-cell-only syndrome","volume":"7","author":"Kamp C","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kamp C, Huellen K, Fernandes S, et al.. High deletion frequency of the complete AZFa sequence in men with Sertoli-cell-only syndrome. Mol Hum Reprod. 2001, 7:987-94. 10.1093\/molehr\/7.10.987","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.6.7530","article-title":"Sertoli cell function in infertile patients with and without microdeletions of the azoospermia factors on the Y chromosome long arm","volume":"86","author":"Foresta C","year":"2001","unstructured":"Foresta C, Bettella A, Moro E, Roverato A, Merico M, Ferlin A. Sertoli cell function in infertile patients with and without microdeletions of the azoospermia factors on the Y chromosome long arm. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001, 86:2414-9. 10.1210\/jcem.86.6.7530","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2004.022111","article-title":"Sequence family variant loss from the AZFc interval of the human Y chromosome, but not gene copy loss, is strongly associated with male infertility","volume":"41","author":"Machev N","year":"2004","unstructured":"Machev N, Saut N, Longepied G, et al.. Sequence family variant loss from the AZFc interval of the human Y chromosome, but not gene copy loss, is strongly associated with male infertility. J Med Genet. 2004, 41:814-25. 10.1136\/jmg.2004.022111","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.9.1845","article-title":"Spontaneous regression over time of the germinal epithelium in a Y chromosome-microdeleted patient: case report","volume":"16","author":"Calogero AE","year":"2001","unstructured":"Calogero AE, Garofalo MR, Barone N, et al.. Spontaneous regression over time of the germinal epithelium in a Y chromosome-microdeleted patient: case report. Hum Reprod. 2001, 16:1845-8. 10.1093\/humrep\/16.9.1845","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.39.3.153","article-title":"Human gene mutations causing infertility","volume":"39","author":"Layman LC","year":"2002","unstructured":"Layman LC. Human gene mutations causing infertility. J Med Genet. 2002, 39:153-61. 10.1136\/jmg.39.3.153","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2013(sup01)06","article-title":"A comprehensive review of genetics and genetic testing in azoospermia","volume":"68","author":"Hamada AJ","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hamada AJ, Esteves SC, Agarwal A. A comprehensive review of genetics and genetic testing in azoospermia. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2013, 68:39-60. 10.6061\/clinics\/2013(sup01)06","journal-title":"Clinics (Sao Paulo)"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e11983","article-title":"Men with oligozoospermia had lower level of seminal plasma pyridoxine compared to normozoospermic men","volume":"8","author":"Banihani SA","year":"2022","unstructured":"Banihani SA, Aljabali SM. Men with oligozoospermia had lower level of seminal plasma pyridoxine compared to normozoospermic men. Heliyon. 2022, 8:e11983. 10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e11983","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-022-01134-0","article-title":"Semen parameter variability among users of at-home sperm testing kits","volume":"22","author":"Aznavour Y","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aznavour Y, Navarrete F, Badreddine J, Simon PH, Gowda V, Rhodes S, Ghayda RA. Semen parameter variability among users of at-home sperm testing kits. BMC Urol. 2022, 22:184. 10.1186\/s12894-022-01134-0","journal-title":"BMC Urol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.42882","article-title":"The effect of age on semen quality among male partners of infertile couples: an observational study in a tertiary care center in eastern India","volume":"15","author":"Zabihullah M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zabihullah M, Kumar T, Jha K, Siddharth K, Ganguly A, Kumar Y, Mannan R. The effect of age on semen quality among male partners of infertile couples: an observational study in a tertiary care center in eastern India. Cureus. 2023, 15:e42882. 10.7759\/cureus.42882","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref43","article-title":"Impact of age on semen parameters in male partners of infertile couples in a rural tertiary care center of central India: a cross-sectional study","volume":"15","author":"Kumar N","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kumar N, Singh AK, Choudhari AR. Impact of age on semen parameters in male partners of infertile couples in a rural tertiary care center of central India: a cross-sectional study. Int J Reprod Biomed. 2017, 15:497-502.","journal-title":"Int J Reprod Biomed"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/187787-male-infertility-causes-and-management-at-a-tertiary-care-center-in-india","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T20:07:19Z","timestamp":1707509239000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/187787-male-infertility-causes-and-management-at-a-tertiary-care-center-in-india"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]]},"references-count":43,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.45584","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]]}}}