{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T18:47:10Z","timestamp":1761677230341},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.46740","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T16:27:27Z","timestamp":1696868847000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Echocardiographic Assessment of the Left Ventricle in Young Prehypertensive Nigerians"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Isa O","family":"Oboirien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hassan O","family":"Yera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olawale M","family":"Akinlade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oluwamayowa N","family":"Omoniyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hayatu","family":"Umar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud U","family":"Sani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2004.08.026","article-title":"Prehypertension and mortality in a nationally representative cohort","volume":"94","author":"Mainous AG 3rd","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mainous AG 3rd, Everett CJ, Liszka H, King DE, Egan BM. Prehypertension and mortality in a nationally representative cohort. Am J Cardiol. 2004, 94:1496-500. 10.1016\/j.amjcard.2004.08.026","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.83.1.356","article-title":"An updated coronary risk profile. A statement for health professionals","volume":"83","author":"Anderson KM","year":"1991","unstructured":"Anderson KM, Wilson PW, Odell PM, Kannel WB. An updated coronary risk profile. A statement for health professionals. Circulation. 1991, 83:356-62. 10.1161\/01.cir.83.1.356","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06710-1","article-title":"Assessment of frequency of progression to hypertension in non-hypertensive participants in the Framingham Heart Study: a cohort study","volume":"358","author":"Vasan RS","year":"2001","unstructured":"Vasan RS, Larson MG, Leip EP, et al.. Assessment of frequency of progression to hypertension in non-hypertensive participants in the Framingham Heart Study: a cohort study. Lancet. 2001, 358:1682-1686. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06710-1","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"Prehypertension: a meta-analysis of the epidemiology, risk factors, and predictors of progression","volume":"38","author":"Guo X","year":"2011","unstructured":"Guo X, Zou L, Zhang X, et al.. Prehypertension: a meta-analysis of the epidemiology, risk factors, and predictors of progression. Tex Heart Inst J. 2011, 38:643-52.","journal-title":"Tex Heart Inst J"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jhh.2010.56","article-title":"Prevalence, associated factors and relationship between prehypertension and hypertension: a study of two ethnic African populations in Northern Nigeria","volume":"25","author":"Isezuo SA","year":"2011","unstructured":"Isezuo SA, Sabir AA, Ohwovorilole AE, Fasanmade OA. Prevalence, associated factors and relationship between prehypertension and hypertension: a study of two ethnic African populations in Northern Nigeria. J Hum Hypertens. 2011, 25:224-30. 10.1038\/jhh.2010.56","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000177495.45580.f1","article-title":"Is prehypertension a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases?","volume":"36","author":"Qureshi AI","year":"2005","unstructured":"Qureshi AI, Suri MF, Kirmani JF, Divani AA, Mohammad Y. Is prehypertension a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases?. Stroke. 2005, 36:1859-63. 10.1161\/01.STR.0000177495.45580.f1","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Association of prehypertension by joint national committee 7 criteria with left ventricular structure and function; the strong heart study","volume":"17","author":"Wright MBL","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wright MBL, Devereux RB, Roman JR, et al.. Association of prehypertension by joint national committee 7 criteria with left ventricular structure and function; the strong heart study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004, 17:1142-1183.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajh.2010.213","article-title":"Early abnormalities of cardiovascular structure and function in middle-aged Korean adults with prehypertension: the Korean Genome Epidemiology study","volume":"24","author":"Kim SH","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kim SH, Cho GY, Baik I, et al.. Early abnormalities of cardiovascular structure and function in middle-aged Korean adults with prehypertension: the Korean Genome Epidemiology study. Am J Hypertens. 2011, 24:218-24. 10.1038\/ajh.2010.213","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajh.2009.258","article-title":"Early left ventricular mechanics abnormalities in prehypertension: a two-dimensional strain echocardiography study","volume":"23","author":"Di Bello V","year":"2010","unstructured":"Di Bello V, Talini E, Dell'Omo G, et al.. Early left ventricular mechanics abnormalities in prehypertension: a two-dimensional strain echocardiography study. Am J Hypertens. 2010, 23:405-12. 10.1038\/ajh.2009.258","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5830\/CVJA-2014-010","article-title":"Impact of prehypertension on left ventricular mass and QT dispersion in adult black Nigerians","volume":"25","author":"Ale OK","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ale OK, Ajuluchukwu JN, Oke DA, Mbakwem AC. Impact of prehypertension on left ventricular mass and QT dispersion in adult black Nigerians. Cardiovasc J Afr. 2014, 25:78-82. 10.5830\/CVJA-2014-010","journal-title":"Cardiovasc J Afr"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Relationship between left ventricular diastolic function and geometric patterns in Nigerians with newly diagnosed systemic hypertension","volume":"20","author":"Adamu UG","year":"2009","unstructured":"Adamu UG, Kolo PM, Katibi IA, Opadijo GO, Omotosho AB, Araoye MA. Relationship between left ventricular diastolic function and geometric patterns in Nigerians with newly diagnosed systemic hypertension. Cardiovasc J Afr. 2009, 20:173-7.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc J Afr"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08037050701395910","article-title":"Effects of normal blood pressure, prehypertension and hypertension on left ventricular diastolic function and aortic elastic properties","volume":"16","author":"Erdogan D","year":"2007","unstructured":"Erdogan D, Caliskan M, Yildirim I, et al.. Effects of normal blood pressure, prehypertension and hypertension on left ventricular diastolic function and aortic elastic properties. Blood Press. 2007, 16:114-21. 10.1080\/08037050701395910","journal-title":"Blood Press"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4070\/kcj.2006.36.6.437","article-title":"The difference of left ventricular hypertrophy and the diastolic function between prehypertensives and normotensives","volume":"36","author":"Ahn HS","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ahn HS, Kim SJ, Kim MK, et al.. The difference of left ventricular hypertrophy and the diastolic function between prehypertensives and normotensives. Korean Circ. J. 2006, 36:437-442. 10.4070\/kcj.2006.36.6.437","journal-title":"Korean Circ. J"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000107251.49515.c2","article-title":"Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure","volume":"42","author":"Chobanian AV","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, et al.. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension. 2003, 42:1206-52. 10.1161\/01.HYP.0000107251.49515.c2","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.82.6.2323","article-title":"ACC\/AHA guidelines for the clinical application of echocardiography. A report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Assessment of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Cardiovascular Procedures (Subcommittee to Develop Guidelines for the Clinical Application of Echocardiography)","volume":"82","year":"1990","unstructured":"ACC\/AHA guidelines for the clinical application of echocardiography. A report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Assessment of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Cardiovascular Procedures (Subcommittee to Develop Guidelines for the Clinical Application of Echocardiography). Circulation. 1990, 82.2323-45. 10.1161\/01.cir.82.6.2323","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(87)91133-7","article-title":"Echocardiographic criteria for LVH: the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"59","author":"Levy D","year":"1987","unstructured":"Levy D, Savage DD, Garrison R, Anderson KM, Kannel WB, Castelli WP. Echocardiographic criteria for LVH: the Framingham Heart Study. Am J Cardiol. 1987, 59:956-960. 10.1016\/0002-9149(87)91133-7","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"Echocardiographic evaluation of left and right ventricular systolic function","author":"Otto CM","year":"2000","unstructured":"Otto CM. Echocardiographic evaluation of left and right ventricular systolic function. Textbook of Clinical Echocardiography (2nd edition). Otto CM (ed): WB Saunders, Philadelphia; 2000. 100-129."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.668921","article-title":"Cardiac and systemic hemodynamic characteristics of hypertension and prehypertension in adolescents and young adults: the Strong Heart Study","volume":"115","author":"Drukteinis JS","year":"2007","unstructured":"Drukteinis JS, Roman MJ, Fabsitz RR, Lee ET, Best LG, Russell M, Devereux RB. Cardiac and systemic hemodynamic characteristics of hypertension and prehypertension in adolescents and young adults: the Strong Heart Study. Circulation. 2007, 115:221-7. 10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.668921","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"Change of body surface electrocardiogram is linked to left ventricular geometric alteration from normal, prehypertension to hypertension: comparison of NT-ProBNP and hs-CRP in determining ventricular remodelling","volume":"27","author":"Yen CH","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yen CH, Tsai JP, Wu YH, et al.. Change of body surface electrocardiogram is linked to left ventricular geometric alteration from normal, prehypertension to hypertension: comparison of NT-ProBNP and hs-CRP in determining ventricular remodelling. Acta Cardiol Sin. 2011, 27:29-37.","journal-title":"Acta Cardiol Sin"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-930","article-title":"Plasma lipid profile in Nigerians with high--normal blood pressure","volume":"7","author":"Saidu H","year":"2014","unstructured":"Saidu H, Karaye KM, Okeahialam BN. Plasma lipid profile in Nigerians with high--normal blood pressure. BMC Res Notes. 2014, 7:930. 10.1186\/1756-0500-7-930","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjhyper.2007.05.009","article-title":"Cardiovascular characteristics in American youth with prehypertension","volume":"20","author":"Zhu H","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zhu H, Yan W, Ge D, et al.. Cardiovascular characteristics in American youth with prehypertension. Am J Hypertens. 2007, 20:1051-7. 10.1016\/j.amjhyper.2007.05.009","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"LV remodeling and\/or diastolic dysfunction in normal persons with BP of 120\/80 mm hg or less and no other cardiovascular risk factors","volume":"60","author":"Mittal SR","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mittal SR. LV remodeling and\/or diastolic dysfunction in normal persons with BP of 120\/80 mm hg or less and no other cardiovascular risk factors. J Assoc Physicians India. 2012, 60:18-20.","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpv156","article-title":"Prehypertension is Associated With Abnormalities of Cardiac Structure and Function in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study","volume":"29","author":"Santos AB","year":"2016","unstructured":"Santos AB, Gupta DK, Bello NA, et al.. Prehypertension is Associated With Abnormalities of Cardiac Structure and Function in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Am J Hypertens. 2016, 29:568-74. 10.1093\/ajh\/hpv156","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0189-7969.173849","article-title":"Pattern of left ventricular geometry in Nigerians with prehypertension","author":"Saidu H","year":"201613","unstructured":"Saidu H, Karaye MK, Okeahialam BN. Pattern of left ventricular geometry in Nigerians with prehypertension. Nig J Cardiol. 201613, 18-22. 10.4103\/0189-7969.173849","journal-title":"Nig J Cardiol"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"Patterns of left ventricular hypertrophy and geometry in newly diagnosed hypertensive adults in Northern Nigerians","volume":"1","author":"Muhammad SI","year":"2010","unstructured":"Muhammad SI, Garko SB, Oyati AI, Danbauchi SS. Patterns of left ventricular hypertrophy and geometry in newly diagnosed hypertensive adults in Northern Nigerians. Afr J Nurs Midwifery. 2010, 1:1-5.","journal-title":"Afr J Nurs Midwifery"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4137\/CMC.S12727","article-title":"Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular geometric patterns in hypertensive patients in Nigeria","volume":"7","author":"Adebayo RA","year":"2013","unstructured":"Adebayo RA, Bamikole OJ, Balogun MO, et al.. Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular geometric patterns in hypertensive patients in Nigeria. Clin Med Insights Cardiol. 2013, 7:161-7. 10.4137\/CMC.S12727","journal-title":"Clin Med Insights Cardiol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e328365c87d","article-title":"Determinants of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with recent diagnosis of essential hypertension","volume":"32","author":"Buono F","year":"2014","unstructured":"Buono F, Crispo S, Pagano G, et al.. Determinants of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with recent diagnosis of essential hypertension. J Hypertens. 2014, 32:166-73. 10.1097\/HJH.0b013e328365c87d","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"QT interval and dispersion differences between normal and prehypertensive patients: effects of autonomic and left ventricular functional and structural changes","volume":"9","author":"Do\u011fru MT","year":"2009","unstructured":"Do\u011fru MT, G\u00fcneri M, Tireli E, Sahin O, Celik T, Iyisoy A. QT interval and dispersion differences between normal and prehypertensive patients: effects of autonomic and left ventricular functional and structural changes. Anadolu Kardiyol Derg. 2009, 9:15-22.","journal-title":"Anadolu Kardiyol Derg"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e328308da55","article-title":"Implications of persistent prehypertension for ageing-related changes in left ventricular geometry and function: the MONICA\/KORA Augsburg study","volume":"26","author":"Markus MR","year":"2008","unstructured":"Markus MR, Stritzke J, Lieb W, et al.. Implications of persistent prehypertension for ageing-related changes in left ventricular geometry and function: the MONICA\/KORA Augsburg study. J Hypertens. 2008, 26:2040-9. 10.1097\/HJH.0b013e328308da55","journal-title":"J Hypertens"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/194201-echocardiographic-assessment-of-the-left-ventricle-in-young-prehypertensive-nigerians","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T19:53:40Z","timestamp":1707508420000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/194201-echocardiographic-assessment-of-the-left-ventricle-in-young-prehypertensive-nigerians"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]]},"references-count":29,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.46740","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]]}}}