{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T07:09:00Z","timestamp":1774768140086,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.51690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]],"date-time":"2024-01-05T10:36:27Z","timestamp":1704450987000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Clinical and Histopathological Characteristics in Women With Postmenopausal Bleeding: A Study of 120 Women in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Punjab"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Shailja","family":"Talwar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harpreet","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isha","family":"Tapasvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarita","family":"Nibhoria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chaitanya","family":"Tapasvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-013-2746-7","article-title":"Non-assessable endometrium in women with post-menopausal bleeding: To investigate or ignore","volume":"288","author":"Ragupathy K","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ragupathy K, Cawley N, Ridout A, Iqbal P, Alloub M. Non-assessable endometrium in women with post-menopausal bleeding: To investigate or ignore. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2013, 288:375-8. 10.1007\/s00404-013-2746-7","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Research on the menopause in the 1990s. Report of a WHO Scientific Group","year":"1996","unstructured":"Research on the menopause in the 1990s. Report of a WHO Scientific Group. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 1996. 866.1-107."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0001-6349.2004.00400.x","article-title":"Frequency of spontaneously occurring postmenopausal bleeding in the general population","volume":"83","author":"Astrup K","year":"2004","unstructured":"Astrup K, Olivarius Nde F. Frequency of spontaneously occurring postmenopausal bleeding in the general population. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2004, 83:203-7. 10.1111\/j.0001-6349.2004.00400.x","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2004.04.004","article-title":"Transvaginal Doppler sonography: Is there a role for this modality in the evaluation of women with postmenopausal bleeding?","volume":"50","author":"Wilailak S","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wilailak S, Jirapinyo M, Theppisai U. Transvaginal Doppler sonography: Is there a role for this modality in the evaluation of women with postmenopausal bleeding?. Maturitas. 2005, 50:111-6. 10.1016\/j.maturitas.2004.04.004","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610120059978","article-title":"Findings in women with postmenopausal bleeding investigated with hysteroscopy","volume":"21","author":"Wong SF","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wong SF, Luk KL, Wong AY, Tang LC. Findings in women with postmenopausal bleeding investigated with hysteroscopy. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2001, 21:392-5. 10.1080\/01443610120059978","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2014.03.007","article-title":"Recurrent postmenopausal bleeding: A prospective cohort study","volume":"21","author":"Smith PP","year":"2014","unstructured":"Smith PP, O'Connor S, Gupta J, Clark TJ. Recurrent postmenopausal bleeding: A prospective cohort study. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2014, 21:799-803. 10.1016\/j.jmig.2014.03.007","journal-title":"J Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13224-014-0627-z","article-title":"Correlation of endometrial thickness with the histopathological pattern of endometrium in postmenopausal bleeding","volume":"66","author":"Singh P","year":"2016","unstructured":"Singh P, Dwivedi P, Mendiratta S. Correlation of endometrial thickness with the histopathological pattern of endometrium in postmenopausal bleeding. J Obstet Gynaecol India. 2016, 66:42-6. 10.1007\/s13224-014-0627-z","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol India"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jmh.JMH_136_18","article-title":"A clinicopathological evaluation of postmenopausal bleeding and its correlation with risk factors for developing endometrial hyperplasia and cancer: A hospital-based prospective study","volume":"10","author":"Begum J","year":"2019","unstructured":"Begum J, Samal R. A clinicopathological evaluation of postmenopausal bleeding and its correlation with risk factors for developing endometrial hyperplasia and cancer: A hospital-based prospective study. J Midlife Health. 2019, 10:179-83. 10.4103\/jmh.JMH_136_18","journal-title":"J Midlife Health"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"Histopathological pattern of abnormal uterine bleeding in endometrial biopsies","volume":"15","author":"Vaidya S","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vaidya S, Lakhey M, Vaidya S, Sharma PK, Hirachand S, Lama S, KC S. Histopathological pattern of abnormal uterine bleeding in endometrial biopsies. Nepal Med Coll J. 2013, 15:74-7.","journal-title":"Nepal Med Coll J"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7812\/TPP\/13-072","article-title":"Investigation of women with postmenopausal uterine bleeding: Clinical practice recommendations","volume":"18","author":"Munro MG","year":"2014","unstructured":"Munro MG. Investigation of women with postmenopausal uterine bleeding: Clinical practice recommendations. Perm J. 2014, 18:55-70. 10.7812\/TPP\/13-072","journal-title":"Perm J"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/GO.20.00122","article-title":"Cancer Statistics, 2020: Report From National Cancer Registry Programme, India","volume":"6","author":"Mathur P","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mathur P, Sathishkumar K, Chaturvedi M, et al.. Cancer Statistics, 2020: Report From National Cancer Registry Programme, India. JCO Glob Oncol. 2020, 6:1063-75. 10.1200\/GO.20.00122","journal-title":"JCO Glob Oncol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2020.8849","article-title":"Cervical cancer screening in postmenopausal women: Is it time to move toward primary high-risk human papillomavirus screening?","volume":"30","author":"Kiff JM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kiff JM, Cotter M, Munro EG, Leonard ME, Morgan TK, Bruegl AS. Cervical cancer screening in postmenopausal women: Is it time to move toward primary high-risk human papillomavirus screening?. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2021, 30:972-8. 10.1089\/jwh.2020.8849","journal-title":"J Womens Health (Larchmt)"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S50001","article-title":"Epidemiology of cervical cancer with special focus on India","volume":"7","author":"Sreedevi A","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sreedevi A, Javed R, Dinesh A. Epidemiology of cervical cancer with special focus on India. Int J Womens Health. 2015, 7:405-14. 10.2147\/IJWH.S50001","journal-title":"Int J Womens Health"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-5851.195751","article-title":"Burden of cervical cancer and role of screening in India","volume":"37","author":"Bobdey S","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bobdey S, Sathwara J, Jain A, Balasubramaniam G. Burden of cervical cancer and role of screening in India. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol. 2016, 37:278-85. 10.4103\/0971-5851.195751","journal-title":"Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Histopathological findings in women with postmenopausal bleeding in Jamaica","volume":"51","author":"Escoffery CT","year":"2002","unstructured":"Escoffery CT, Blake GO, Sargeant LA. Histopathological findings in women with postmenopausal bleeding in Jamaica. West Indian Med J. 2002, 51:232-5.","journal-title":"West Indian Med J"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.IJCM_162_18","article-title":"Postmenopausal bleeding among rural women in Tamil Nadu, India: Mixed methods study","volume":"43","author":"Sindhuri R","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sindhuri R, Dongre AR. Postmenopausal bleeding among rural women in Tamil Nadu, India: Mixed methods study. Indian J Community Med. 2018, 43:288-93. 10.4103\/ijcm.IJCM_162_18","journal-title":"Indian J Community Med"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4235\/agmr.18.0042","article-title":"Clinicopathologic characteristics and causes of postmenopausal bleeding in older patients","volume":"22","author":"Jo HC","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jo HC, Baek JC, Park JE, Park JK, Cho IA, Choi WJ, Sung JH. Clinicopathologic characteristics and causes of postmenopausal bleeding in older patients. Ann Geriatr Med Res. 2018, 22:189-93. 10.4235\/agmr.18.0042","journal-title":"Ann Geriatr Med Res"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"Association of endometrial thickness assessed at trans-vaginal ultrasonography to endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women asymptomatic or with abnormal uterine bleeding","volume":"104","author":"Ciatto S","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ciatto S, Cecchini S, Gervasi G, Landini A, Zappa M, Crocetti E. Association of endometrial thickness assessed at trans-vaginal ultrasonography to endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women asymptomatic or with abnormal uterine bleeding. Radiol Med. 2002, 104:437-42.","journal-title":"Radiol Med"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.20020","article-title":"Combination of endometrial thickness and time since menopause in predicting endometrial cancer in women with postmenopausal bleeding","volume":"32","author":"Bruchim I","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bruchim I, Biron-Shental T, Altaras MM, Fishman A, Beyth Y, Tepper R, Aviram R. Combination of endometrial thickness and time since menopause in predicting endometrial cancer in women with postmenopausal bleeding. J Clin Ultrasound. 2004, 32:219-24. 10.1002\/jcu.20020","journal-title":"J Clin Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1995.tb09066.x","article-title":"Histopathological findings in women with postmenopausal bleeding","volume":"102","author":"Gredmark T","year":"1995","unstructured":"Gredmark T, Kvint S, Havel G, Mattsson LA. Histopathological findings in women with postmenopausal bleeding. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1995, 102:133-6. 10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1995.tb09066.x","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Correlation of endometrial ultrasonography and endometrial histopathology in patients with postmenopausal bleeding","volume":"104","author":"Bafna UD","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bafna UD, Shashikala P, Nagarathna DS. Correlation of endometrial ultrasonography and endometrial histopathology in patients with postmenopausal bleeding. J Indian Med Assoc. 2006, 104:627-9.","journal-title":"J Indian Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"The woman with postmenopausal bleeding","volume":"36","author":"Brand AH","year":"2007","unstructured":"Brand AH. The woman with postmenopausal bleeding. Aust Fam Physician. 2007, 36:116-20.","journal-title":"Aust Fam Physician"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.1996.07050315.x","article-title":"Sonographic endometrial thickness: a useful test to predict atrophy in patients with postmenopausal bleeding. An Italian multicenter study","volume":"7","author":"Ferrazzi E","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ferrazzi E, Torri V, Trio D, Zannoni E, Filiberto S, Dordoni D. Sonographic endometrial thickness: a useful test to predict atrophy in patients with postmenopausal bleeding. An Italian multicenter study. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 1996, 7:315-21. 10.1046\/j.1469-0705.1996.07050315.x","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.21521","article-title":"The Pap test and Bethesda 2014","volume":"123","author":"Nayar R","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nayar R, Wilbur DC. The Pap test and Bethesda 2014. Cancer Cytopathol. 2015, 123:271-81. 10.1002\/cncy.21521","journal-title":"Cancer Cytopathol"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"Prevalence of malignant disorders in 50 cases of postmenopausal bleeding","volume":"60","author":"Jillani K","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jillani K, Khero RB, Maqsood S, Siddiqui MA. Prevalence of malignant disorders in 50 cases of postmenopausal bleeding. J Pak Med Assoc. 2010, 60:540-3.","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340600883435","article-title":"High risk of cervical pathology among women with postmenopausal bleeding and endometrium \u22644.4 mm: Long-term follow-up results","volume":"85","author":"Epstein E","year":"2006","unstructured":"Epstein E, Jamei B, Lindqvist PG. High risk of cervical pathology among women with postmenopausal bleeding and endometrium \u22644.4 mm: Long-term follow-up results. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2006, 85:1368-74. 10.1080\/00016340600883435","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/209658-clinical-and-histopathological-characteristics-in-women-with-postmenopausal-bleeding-a-study-of-120-women-in-a-tertiary-care-hospital-in-punjab","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T20:16:27Z","timestamp":1707509787000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/209658-clinical-and-histopathological-characteristics-in-women-with-postmenopausal-bleeding-a-study-of-120-women-in-a-tertiary-care-hospital-in-punjab"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]]},"references-count":26,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.51690","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]]}}}