{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T06:01:18Z","timestamp":1780725678880,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,26]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.53008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,26]],"date-time":"2024-01-26T22:15:21Z","timestamp":1706307321000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Spina Bifida Prevention: A Narrative Review of Folic Acid Supplements for Childbearing Age Women"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Lloyd  F","family":"Ledet III","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Connor J","family":"Plaisance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles  P","family":"Daniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxwell  J","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline  R","family":"Burroughs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ross","family":"Rieger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harish","family":"Siddaiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahab","family":"Ahmadzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahar","family":"Shekoohi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan D","family":"Kaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giustino","family":"Varrassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2020.04.009","article-title":"Closing in on mechanisms of open neural tube defects","volume":"43","author":"Lee S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee S, Gleeson JG. Closing in on mechanisms of open neural tube defects. Trends Neurosci. 2020, 43:519-32. 10.1016\/j.tins.2020.04.009","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-023-05945-w","article-title":"The impact of voluntary folate fortification of corn masa flour on US pregnancies complicated by neural tube defects","volume":"39","author":"Khalid SI","year":"2023","unstructured":"Khalid SI, Thomson K, Hunter BM, Garcia RM, Bowman R, Lam S. The impact of voluntary folate fortification of corn masa flour on US pregnancies complicated by neural tube defects. Childs Nerv Syst. 2023, 39:1813-9. 10.1007\/s00381-023-05945-w","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199911113412006","article-title":"Neural-tube defects","volume":"341","author":"Botto LD","year":"1999","unstructured":"Botto LD, Moore CA, Khoury MJ, Erickson JD. Neural-tube defects. N Engl J Med. 1999, 341:1509-19. 10.1056\/NEJM199911113412006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/biol-2022-0504","article-title":"Abnormal methylation caused by folic acid deficiency in neural tube defects","volume":"17","author":"Cao R","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cao R, Xie J, Zhang L. Abnormal methylation caused by folic acid deficiency in neural tube defects. Open Life Sci. 2022, 17:1679-88. 10.1515\/biol-2022-0504","journal-title":"Open Life Sci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-22-1273","article-title":"Identification of immune-related biomarkers in embryos with neural tube defects via a bioinformatics analysis","volume":"10","author":"Huang Q","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang Q, Yang L, Nong B, et al.. Identification of immune-related biomarkers in embryos with neural tube defects via a bioinformatics analysis. Ann Transl Med. 2022, 10:521. 10.21037\/atm-22-1273","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/09691413221102321","article-title":"Folic acid and neural tube defects: discovery, debate and the need for policy change","volume":"29","author":"Wald NJ","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wald NJ. Folic acid and neural tube defects: discovery, debate and the need for policy change. J Med Screen. 2022, 29:138-46. 10.1177\/09691413221102321","journal-title":"J Med Screen"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0151586","article-title":"Describing the prevalence of neural tube defects worldwide: a systematic literature review","volume":"11","author":"Zaganjor I","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zaganjor I, Sekkarie A, Tsang BL, et al.. Describing the prevalence of neural tube defects worldwide: a systematic literature review. PLoS One. 2016, 11:e0151586. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0151586","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10050965","article-title":"Overview of neural tube defects: gene-environment interactions, preventative approaches and future perspectives","volume":"10","author":"Isakovi\u0107 J","year":"2022","unstructured":"Isakovi\u0107 J, \u0160imuni\u0107 I, Jage\u010di\u0107 D, Hribljan V, Mitre\u010di\u0107 D. Overview of neural tube defects: gene-environment interactions, preventative approaches and future perspectives. Biomedicines. 2022, 10:965. 10.3390\/biomedicines10050965","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ddrr.93","article-title":"Epidemiologic and genetic aspects of spina bifida and other neural tube defects","volume":"16","author":"Au KS","year":"2010","unstructured":"Au KS, Ashley-Koch A, Northrup H. Epidemiologic and genetic aspects of spina bifida and other neural tube defects. Dev Disabil Res Rev. 2010, 16:6-15. 10.1002\/ddrr.93","journal-title":"Dev Disabil Res Rev"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.38478","article-title":"Finding the genetic mechanisms of folate deficiency and neural tube defects-leaving no stone unturned","volume":"173","author":"Au KS","year":"2017","unstructured":"Au KS, Findley TO, Northrup H. Finding the genetic mechanisms of folate deficiency and neural tube defects-leaving no stone unturned. Am J Med Genet A. 2017, 173:3042-57. 10.1002\/ajmg.a.38478","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.282.6275.1509","article-title":"Double-blind randomised controlled trial of folate treatment before conception to prevent recurrence of neural-tube defects","volume":"282","author":"Laurence KM","year":"1981","unstructured":"Laurence KM, James N, Miller MH, Tennant GB, Campbell H. Double-blind randomised controlled trial of folate treatment before conception to prevent recurrence of neural-tube defects. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1981, 282:1509-11. 10.1136\/bmj.282.6275.1509","journal-title":"Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(83)92654-5","article-title":"Further experience of vitamin supplementation for prevention of neural tube defect recurrences","volume":"7","author":"Smithells RW","year":"1983","unstructured":"Smithells RW, Nevin NC, Seller MJ, et al.. Further experience of vitamin supplementation for prevention of neural tube defect recurrences. Lancet. 1983, 7:1027-31. 10.1016\/s0140-6736(83)92654-5","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"Prevention of neural tube defects: results of the Medical Research Council Vitamin Study. MRC Vitamin Study Research Group","volume":"338","year":"1991","unstructured":"Prevention of neural tube defects. results of the Medical Research Council Vitamin Study. MRC Vitamin Study Research Group. Lancet. 1991, 338:131-7.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2018.05.004","article-title":"Folic acid and primary prevention of neural tube defects: a review","volume":"80","author":"van Gool JD","year":"2018","unstructured":"van Gool JD, Hirche H, Lax H, De Schaepdrijver L. Folic acid and primary prevention of neural tube defects: a review. Reprod Toxicol. 2018, 80:73-84. 10.1016\/j.reprotox.2018.05.004","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980015000555","article-title":"Folate and folic acid in the periconceptional period: recommendations from official health organizations in thirty-six countries worldwide and WHO","volume":"19","author":"Gomes S","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gomes S, Lopes C, Pinto E. Folate and folic acid in the periconceptional period: recommendations from official health organizations in thirty-six countries worldwide and WHO. Public Health Nutr. 2016, 19:176-89. 10.1017\/S1368980015000555","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.19438","article-title":"Folic acid supplementation for the prevention of neural tube defects: US preventive services task force recommendation statement","volume":"317","author":"Bibbins-Domingo K","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bibbins-Domingo K, Grossman DC, Curry SJ, et al.. Folic acid supplementation for the prevention of neural tube defects: US preventive services task force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2017, 317:183-9. 10.1001\/jama.2016.19438","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1988.255.3.G361","article-title":"Analysis of sequential events in intestinal absorption of folylpolyglutamate","volume":"255","author":"Darcy-Vrillon B","year":"1988","unstructured":"Darcy-Vrillon B, Selhub J, Rosenberg IH. Analysis of sequential events in intestinal absorption of folylpolyglutamate. Am J Physiol. 1988, 255:G361-6. 10.1152\/ajpgi.1988.255.3.G361","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1462399409000969","article-title":"Membrane transporters and folate homeostasis: intestinal absorption and transport into systemic compartments and tissues","volume":"11","author":"Zhao R","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhao R, Matherly LH, Goldman ID. Membrane transporters and folate homeostasis: intestinal absorption and transport into systemic compartments and tissues. Expert Rev Mol Med. 2009, 11:e4. 10.1017\/S1462399409000969","journal-title":"Expert Rev Mol Med"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1994.63","article-title":"Disposition of folic acid and its metabolites: a comparison with leucovorin","volume":"55","author":"Schmitz JC","year":"1994","unstructured":"Schmitz JC, Stuart RK, Priest DG. Disposition of folic acid and its metabolites: a comparison with leucovorin. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1994, 55:501-8. 10.1038\/clpt.1994.63","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.19.1.91","article-title":"Carrier-mediated membrane transport of folates in mammalian cells","volume":"19","author":"Sirotnak FM","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sirotnak FM, Tolner B. Carrier-mediated membrane transport of folates in mammalian cells. Annu Rev Nutr. 1999, 19:91-122. 10.1146\/annurev.nutr.19.1.91","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.22.13077","article-title":"Purification and properties of human cytosolic folylpoly-gamma-glutamate synthetase and organization, localization, and differential splicing of its gene","volume":"271","author":"Chen L","year":"1996","unstructured":"Chen L, Qi H, Korenberg J, Garrow TA, Choi YJ, Shane B. Purification and properties of human cytosolic folylpoly-gamma-glutamate synthetase and organization, localization, and differential splicing of its gene. J Biol Chem. 1996, 271:13077-87. 10.1074\/jbc.271.22.13077","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.2.1.3335280","article-title":"Examination of the role of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase in incorporation of methyltetrahydrofolate into cellular metabolism","volume":"2","author":"Green JM","year":"1988","unstructured":"Green JM, Ballou DP, Matthews RG. Examination of the role of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase in incorporation of methyltetrahydrofolate into cellular metabolism. FASEB J. 1988, 2:42-7. 10.1096\/fasebj.2.1.3335280","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11532990-000000000-00000","article-title":"Folic acid and L-5-methyltetrahydrofolate: comparison of clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics","volume":"49","author":"Pietrzik K","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pietrzik K, Bailey L, Shane B. Folic acid and L-5-methyltetrahydrofolate: comparison of clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2010, 49:535-48. 10.2165\/11532990-000000000-00000","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-020911-153251","article-title":"The intestinal absorption of folates","volume":"76","author":"Visentin M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Visentin M, Diop-Bove N, Zhao R, Goldman ID. The intestinal absorption of folates. Annu Rev Physiol. 2014, 76:251-74. 10.1146\/annurev-physiol-020911-153251","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)89744-7","article-title":"Dihydrofolate reductase. The stereochemistry of inhibitor selectivity","volume":"260","author":"Matthews DA","year":"1985","unstructured":"Matthews DA, Bolin JT, Burridge JM, et al.. Dihydrofolate reductase. The stereochemistry of inhibitor selectivity. J Biol Chem. 1985, 260:392-99. 10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)89744-7","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.11.5894","article-title":"DNA demethylation","volume":"96","author":"Wolffe AP","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wolffe AP, Jones PL, Wade PA. DNA demethylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999, 96:5894-6. 10.1073\/pnas.96.11.5894","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/128.11.1896","article-title":"Kinetic model of folate metabolism in nonpregnant women consuming [2H2] folic acid: isotopic labeling of urinary folate and the catabolite para-acetamidobenzoylglutamate indicates slow, intake-dependent, turnover of folate pools","volume":"128","author":"Gregory JF 3rd","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gregory JF 3rd, Williamson J, Liao JF, Bailey LB, Toth JP. Kinetic model of folate metabolism in nonpregnant women consuming [2H2] folic acid: isotopic labeling of urinary folate and the catabolite para-acetamidobenzoylglutamate indicates slow, intake-dependent, turnover of folate pools. J Nutr. 1998, 128:1896-906. 10.1093\/jn\/128.11.1896","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.21.1.255","article-title":"New perspectives on folate catabolism","volume":"21","author":"Suh JR","year":"2001","unstructured":"Suh JR, Herbig AK, Stover PJ. New perspectives on folate catabolism. Annu Rev Nutr. 2001, 21:255-82. 10.1146\/annurev.nutr.21.1.255","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.4.1376S","article-title":"Case study: folate bioavailability","volume":"131","author":"Gregory JF 3rd","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gregory JF 3rd. Case study: folate bioavailability. J Nutr. 2001, 131:1376S-82S. 10.1093\/jn\/131.4.1376S","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03510220049033","article-title":"Vitamin status and intake as primary determinants of homocysteinemia in an elderly population","volume":"270","author":"Selhub J","year":"1993","unstructured":"Selhub J, Jacques PF, Wilson PW, et al.. Vitamin status and intake as primary determinants of homocysteinemia in an elderly population. JAMA. 1993, 270:2693-8. 10.1001\/jama.1993.03510220049033","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref31","article-title":"Spina Bifida","author":"Brea CM","year":"2023","unstructured":"Brea CM, Munakomi S. Spina Bifida. StatPearls, Treasure Island, FL; 2023."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.7","article-title":"Spina bifida","volume":"1","author":"Copp AJ","year":"2015","unstructured":"Copp AJ, Adzick NS, Chitty LS, Fletcher JM, Holmbeck GN, Shaw GM. Spina bifida. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015, 1:15007. 10.1038\/nrdp.2015.7","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jdb6030022","article-title":"Insights into the etiology of mammalian neural tube closure defects from developmental, genetic and evolutionary studies","volume":"6","author":"Juriloff DM","year":"2018","unstructured":"Juriloff DM, Harris MJ. Insights into the etiology of mammalian neural tube closure defects from developmental, genetic and evolutionary studies. J Dev Biol. 2018, 6:22. 10.3390\/jdb6030022","journal-title":"J Dev Biol"},{"key":"ref34","article-title":"Neural tube disorders","author":"Bhandari J","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bhandari J, Thada PK. Neural tube disorders. StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island, FL; 2023. http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555903\/:"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.10060","article-title":"Prevalence of spina bifida and anencephaly during the transition to mandatory folic acid fortification in the United States","volume":"66","author":"Williams LJ","year":"2002","unstructured":"Williams LJ, Mai CT, Edmonds LD, et al.. Prevalence of spina bifida and anencephaly during the transition to mandatory folic acid fortification in the United States. Teratology. 2002, 66:33-9. 10.1002\/tera.10060","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa067103","article-title":"Reduction in neural-tube defects after folic acid fortification in Canada","volume":"357","author":"De Wals P","year":"2007","unstructured":"De Wals P, Tairou F, Van Allen MI, et al.. Reduction in neural-tube defects after folic acid fortification in Canada. N Engl J Med. 2007, 357:135-42. 10.1056\/NEJMoa067103","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.2004.tb00074.x","article-title":"Folic acid fortification of wheat flour: Chile","volume":"62","author":"Hertrampf E","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hertrampf E, Cort\u00e9s F. Folic acid fortification of wheat flour: Chile. Nutr Rev. 2004, 62:S44-49. 10.1111\/j.1753-4887.2004.tb00074.x","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/85.1.285S","article-title":"Folate and neural tube defects","volume":"85","author":"Pitkin RM","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pitkin RM. Folate and neural tube defects. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007, 85:285S-8S. 10.1093\/ajcn\/85.1.285S","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23361","article-title":"Association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and neural tube defect risks: a comprehensive evaluation in three groups of NTD patients, mothers, and fathers","volume":"103","author":"Yang Y","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yang Y, Chen J, Wang B, Ding C, Liu H. Association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and neural tube defect risks: a comprehensive evaluation in three groups of NTD patients, mothers, and fathers. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2015, 103:488-500. 10.1002\/bdra.23361","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200011303432204","article-title":"Folic acid antagonists during pregnancy and the risk of birth defects","volume":"343","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez-D\u00edaz S","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez-D\u00edaz S, Werler MM, Walker AM, Mitchell AA. Folic acid antagonists during pregnancy and the risk of birth defects. N Engl J Med. 2000, 343:1608-14. 10.1056\/NEJM200011303432204","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.2901","article-title":"Role of methotrexate exposure in apoptosis and proliferation during early neurulation","volume":"34","author":"Wang X","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang X, Wang J, Guan T, et al.. Role of methotrexate exposure in apoptosis and proliferation during early neurulation. J Appl Toxicol. 2014, 34:862-9. 10.1002\/jat.2901","journal-title":"J Appl Toxicol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2019.109429","article-title":"Why is folate effective in preventing neural tube closure defects?","volume":"134","author":"Sato K","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sato K. Why is folate effective in preventing neural tube closure defects?. Med Hypotheses. 2020, 134:109429. 10.1016\/j.mehy.2019.109429","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(95)91743-8","article-title":"Mutated methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase as a risk factor for spina bifida","volume":"346","author":"van der Put NMJ","year":"1995","unstructured":"van der Put NMJ, Trijbels FJM, van den Heuvel LP, et al.. Mutated methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase as a risk factor for spina bifida. Lancet. 1995, 346:1070-1071. 10.1016\/s0140-6736(95)91743-8","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0953-816X.2004.03345.x.","article-title":"Glycine cleavage system in neurogenic regions","volume":"19","author":"Ichinohe A","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ichinohe A, Kure S, Mikawa S, et al.. Glycine cleavage system in neurogenic regions. Eur J Neurosci. 2004, 19:2365-70. 10.1111\/j.0953-816X.2004.03345.x.","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016346509155874","article-title":"Folic acid and reproduction","volume":"44","author":"Hibbard BM","year":"1965","unstructured":"Hibbard BM, Hibbard ED, Jeffcoate TN. Folic acid and reproduction. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1965, 44:375-400. 10.3109\/00016346509155874","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"ref46","article-title":"Use of folic acid for prevention of spina bifida and other neural tube defects--1983-1991","volume":"40(30)","author":"Centers for Disease Control (CDC)","year":"1991","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Use of folic acid for prevention of spina bifida and other neural tube defects--1983-1991. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1991, 40(30):513-6.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"ref47","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Internet]. (2022). Accessed. July 10, 2023: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/folicacid\/recommendations.html."},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu3030370","article-title":"Folic acid food fortification\u2014its history, effect, concerns, and future directions","volume":"3","author":"Crider KS","year":"2011","unstructured":"Crider KS, Bailey LB, Berry RJ. Folic acid food fortification\u2014its history, effect, concerns, and future directions. Nutrients. 2011, 3:370-84. 10.3390\/nu3030370","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref49","unstructured":"Food standards. amendment of standards of identity for enriched grain products to require addition of folic acid. (1996). Accessed: July 10, 2023: https:\/\/www.govinfo.gov\/content\/pkg\/FR-1996-03-05\/pdf\/96-5014.pdf."},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(01)07104-5","article-title":"Quantifying the effect of folic acid","volume":"15","author":"Wald NJ","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wald NJ, Law MR, Morris JK, Wald DS. Quantifying the effect of folic acid. Lancet. 2001, 15:2069-73. 10.1016\/s0140-6736(01)07104-5","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OGX.0000000000000329","article-title":"Current concepts of maternal nutrition","volume":"71","author":"Lowensohn RI","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lowensohn RI, Stadler DD, Naze C. Current concepts of maternal nutrition. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2016, 71:413-26. 10.1097\/OGX.0000000000000329","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Surv"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2023.102120","article-title":"Critical gaps in knowledge and implementation of recommendations by the US Preventive Services Task Force","volume":"32","author":"Kelly K","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kelly K, Parente DJ. Critical gaps in knowledge and implementation of recommendations by the US Preventive Services Task Force. Prev Med Rep. 2023, 32:102120. 10.1016\/j.pmedr.2023.102120","journal-title":"Prev Med Rep"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23597","article-title":"Race and ethnicity and preconception folic acid supplement use among pregnant women in Georgia, PRAMS 2009 to 2011","volume":"109","author":"Mukhtar A","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mukhtar A, Kramer MR, Oakley GP Jr, Kancherla V. Race and ethnicity and preconception folic acid supplement use among pregnant women in Georgia, PRAMS 2009 to 2011. Birth Defects Res. 2017, 109:38-48. 10.1002\/bdra.23597","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23154","article-title":"Knowledge and periconceptional use of folic acid for the prevention of neural tube defects in ethnic communities in the United Kingdom: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"97","author":"Peake JN","year":"2013","unstructured":"Peake JN, Copp AJ, Shawe J. Knowledge and periconceptional use of folic acid for the prevention of neural tube defects in ethnic communities in the United Kingdom: systematic review and meta-analysis. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2013, 97:444-51. 10.1002\/bdra.23154","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-021-03893-4","article-title":"Knowledge and intake of folic acid to prevent neural tube defects among pregnant women in urban China: a cross-sectional study","volume":"21","author":"Cui M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cui M, Lu XL, Lyu YY, Wang F, Xie XL, Cheng XY, Zhang T. Knowledge and intake of folic acid to prevent neural tube defects among pregnant women in urban China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021, 21:432. 10.1186\/s12884-021-03893-4","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2009.1573","article-title":"Effects of folic acid awareness on knowledge and consumption for the prevention of birth defects among Hispanic women in several U.S. Communities","volume":"19","author":"Prue CE","year":"2010","unstructured":"Prue CE, Hamner HC, Flores AL. Effects of folic acid awareness on knowledge and consumption for the prevention of birth defects among Hispanic women in several U.S. Communities. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2010, 19:689-98. 10.1089\/jwh.2009.1573","journal-title":"J Womens Health (Larchmt)"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2018.7075","article-title":"Trends in multivitamin use among women of reproductive age: United States, 2006-2016","volume":"28","author":"Wong EC","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wong EC, Rose CE, Flores AL, Yeung LF. Trends in multivitamin use among women of reproductive age: United States, 2006-2016. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2019, 28:37-45. 10.1089\/jwh.2018.7075","journal-title":"J Womens Health (Larchmt)"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-015-1705-2","article-title":"Association between preconception counseling and folic acid supplementation before pregnancy and reasons for non-use","volume":"19","author":"Bixenstine PJ","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bixenstine PJ, Cheng TL, Cheng D, Connor KA, Mistry KB. Association between preconception counseling and folic acid supplementation before pregnancy and reasons for non-use. Matern Child Health J. 2015, 19:1974-84. 10.1007\/s10995-015-1705-2","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58080986","article-title":"Level of knowledge and awareness of female undergraduate students and determinants of knowledge of folic acid and supplementation","volume":"58","author":"Sabi EM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sabi EM, Mujamammi AH, Alturki N, et al.. Level of knowledge and awareness of female undergraduate students and determinants of knowledge of folic acid and supplementation. Medicina (Kaunas). 2022, 58:986. 10.3390\/medicina58080986","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2020.37.60.22848","article-title":"Awareness and use of folic acid among women of childbearing age in Benue State, Nigeria","volume":"37","author":"Okon UA","year":"2020","unstructured":"Okon UA, Ibrahim BS, Usman R, Adedire E, Balogun MS, Olayinka A. Awareness and use of folic acid among women of childbearing age in Benue State, Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J. 2020, 37:60. 10.11604\/pamj.2020.37.60.22848","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13031001","article-title":"Effectiveness of folic acid supplementation recommendations among Polish female students from the Podkarpackie region","volume":"13","author":"Zadarko-Domaradzka M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zadarko-Domaradzka M, Kruszy\u0144ska E, Zadarko E. Effectiveness of folic acid supplementation recommendations among Polish female students from the Podkarpackie region. Nutrients. 2021, 13:1001. 10.3390\/nu13031001","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36740\/WLek202109102","article-title":"Awareness of folic acid use and its effects among medical students in Ukraine","volume":"74","author":"Hlushko K","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hlushko K, Boyarchuk O, Kinash M, et al.. Awareness of folic acid use and its effects among medical students in Ukraine. Wiad Lek. 2021, 74:2033-8. 10.36740\/WLek202109102","journal-title":"Wiad Lek"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2022.32","article-title":"Preconception of folic acid supplementation knowledge among Ethiopian women reproductive age group in areas with high burden of neural tube defects: a community based cross-sectional study","volume":"11","author":"Begashaw B","year":"2022","unstructured":"Begashaw B, Tariku Z, Berhane A. Preconception of folic acid supplementation knowledge among Ethiopian women reproductive age group in areas with high burden of neural tube defects: a community based cross-sectional study. J Nutr Sci. 2022, 11:e48. 10.1017\/jns.2022.32","journal-title":"J Nutr Sci"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/222625-spina-bifida-prevention-a-narrative-review-of-folic-acid-supplements-for-childbearing-age-women","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T20:15:15Z","timestamp":1707509715000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/222625-spina-bifida-prevention-a-narrative-review-of-folic-acid-supplements-for-childbearing-age-women"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,26]]},"references-count":63,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.53008","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,26]]}}}