{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T11:13:58Z","timestamp":1769944438684,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.53263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T06:01:38Z","timestamp":1706680898000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Impact of Spencer Technique on Pain, Range of Motion, and Functional Disability in Patients With Frozen Shoulder: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Pratik","family":"Phansopkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moh'd Irshad","family":"Qureshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"The Shoulder. Rupture of the Supraspinatus Tendon and Other Lesions in or About the Subacromial Bursa \/ E.A. Codman. (1934). Accessed: December 18, 2023: https:\/\/wellcomecollection.org\/works\/k83a3rba."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/ort.1969.40.suppl-119.01","article-title":"The frozen shoulder: clinical and radiographical observations the effect of manipulation under general anesthesia structure and glycosaminoglycan content of the joint capsule local bone metabolism","volume":"40","author":"Lundberg BJ","year":"1969","unstructured":"Lundberg BJ. The frozen shoulder: clinical and radiographical observations the effect of manipulation under general anesthesia structure and glycosaminoglycan content of the joint capsule local bone metabolism. Acta Orthop Scand. 1969, 40:1-59. 10.3109\/ort.1969.40.suppl-119.01","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2010.07.008","article-title":"Frozen shoulder: a consensus definition","volume":"20","author":"Zuckerman JD","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zuckerman JD, Rokito A. Frozen shoulder: a consensus definition. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2011, 20:322-5. 10.1016\/j.jse.2010.07.008","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.89B7.19097","article-title":"The pathology of frozen shoulder","volume":"89","author":"Hand GC","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hand GC, Athanasou NA, Matthews T, Carr AJ. The pathology of frozen shoulder. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2007, 89:928-32. 10.1302\/0301-620X.89B7.19097","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509348048","article-title":"Adhesive capsulitis: a review of current treatment","volume":"38","author":"Neviaser AS","year":"2010","unstructured":"Neviaser AS, Hannafin JA. Adhesive capsulitis: a review of current treatment. Am J Sports Med. 2010, 38:2346-56. 10.1177\/0363546509348048","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"A review on frozen shoulder","volume":"51","author":"Wong PL","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wong PL, Tan HC. A review on frozen shoulder. Singapore Med J. 2010, 51:694-7.","journal-title":"Singapore Med J"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Effectiveness of mulligan\u2019s technique and spencer\u2019s technique in adjunct to conventional therapy in frozen shoulder: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"3","author":"Haveela B","year":"2018","unstructured":"Haveela B, Dowle P, Chandrashekar P. Effectiveness of mulligan\u2019s technique and spencer\u2019s technique in adjunct to conventional therapy in frozen shoulder: a randomized controlled trial. Int j adv res dev. 2018, 3:253-60.","journal-title":"Int j adv res dev"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.13172\/2052-9627-1-1-652","article-title":"Adhesive capsulitis: is arthroscopic capsular release necessary? Current review","volume":"1","author":"Sedeek S","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sedeek S, Chye Andrew TH. Adhesive capsulitis: is arthroscopic capsular release necessary? Current review. OA Orthop. 2013, 1:1-6.","journal-title":"OA Orthop"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: a study of the pathological findings in periarthritis of the shoulder","volume":"27","author":"Neviaser J","year":"1945","unstructured":"Neviaser J. Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: a study of the pathological findings in periarthritis of the shoulder. J Bone Jt Surg. 1945, 27:211-22.","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Surg"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.11.7453","article-title":"Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: value of inferior glenohumeral ligament signal changes on T2-weighted fat-saturated images","volume":"198","author":"Gondim Teixeira PA","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gondim Teixeira PA, Balaj C, Chanson A, Lecocq S, Louis M, Blum A. Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: value of inferior glenohumeral ligament signal changes on T2-weighted fat-saturated images. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2012, 198:W589-96. 10.2214\/AJR.11.7453","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2012.06.014","article-title":"Inflammatory cytokines are overexpressed in the subacromial bursa of frozen shoulder","volume":"22","author":"Lho YM","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lho YM, Ha E, Cho CH, et al.. Inflammatory cytokines are overexpressed in the subacromial bursa of frozen shoulder. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2013, 22:666-72. 10.1016\/j.jse.2012.06.014","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.82b5.9888","article-title":"Expression of growth factors, cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases in frozen shoulder","volume":"82","author":"Bunker TD","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bunker TD, Reilly J, Baird KS, Hamblen DL. Expression of growth factors, cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases in frozen shoulder. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2000, 82:768-73. 10.1302\/0301-620x.82b5.9888","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198710000-00008","article-title":"The frozen shoulder. Diagnosis and management","author":"Neviaser RJ","year":"1987","unstructured":"Neviaser RJ, Neviaser TJ. The frozen shoulder. Diagnosis and management. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1987, 59-64.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874325001711010065","article-title":"Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder. Is there consensus regarding the treatment? A comprehensive review","volume":"11","author":"Georgiannos D","year":"2017","unstructured":"Georgiannos D, Markopoulos G, Devetzi E, Bisbinas I. Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder. Is there consensus regarding the treatment? A comprehensive review. Open Orthop J. 2017, 11:65-76. 10.2174\/1874325001711010065","journal-title":"Open Orthop J"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/mjcu.2020.116244","article-title":"Comparative study of the combined effect of therapeutic exercises and mobilization between stage II and stage III frozen shoulder","volume":"88","author":"Ibrahim O","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ibrahim O, Salwa F, Sarhan M, et al.. Comparative study of the combined effect of therapeutic exercises and mobilization between stage II and stage III frozen shoulder. Med J Cairo Univ. 2020, 88:1531-7. 10.21608\/mjcu.2020.116244","journal-title":"Med J Cairo Univ"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2006.09.009","article-title":"Upper extremity: emphasis on frozen shoulder","volume":"37","author":"Sheridan MA","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sheridan MA, Hannafin JA. Upper extremity: emphasis on frozen shoulder. Orthop Clin North Am. 2006, 37:531-9. 10.1016\/j.ocl.2006.09.009","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"Improving functional ability in the elderly via the Spencer technique, an osteopathic manipulative treatment: a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"102","author":"Knebl JA","year":"2002","unstructured":"Knebl JA, Shores JH, Gamber RG, Gray WT, Herron KM. Improving functional ability in the elderly via the Spencer technique, an osteopathic manipulative treatment: a randomized, controlled trial. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2002, 102:387-96.","journal-title":"J Am Osteopath Assoc"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7556\/jaoa.2017.031","article-title":"Use of the spencer technique on collegiate baseball players: effect on physical performance and self-report measures","volume":"117","author":"Curcio JE","year":"2017","unstructured":"Curcio JE, Grana MJ, England S, et al.. Use of the spencer technique on collegiate baseball players: effect on physical performance and self-report measures. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2017, 117:166-75. 10.7556\/jaoa.2017.031","journal-title":"J Am Osteopath Assoc"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"The effects of spencer technique on the ROM, pain, function in patients with shoulder adhesive capsulitis","volume":"24","author":"Park KS","year":"2018","unstructured":"Park KS, Jeong KY. The effects of spencer technique on the ROM, pain, function in patients with shoulder adhesive capsulitis. J Korean Acad Orthop Man Phys Ther. 2018, 24:37-42.","journal-title":"J Korean Acad Orthop Man Phys Ther"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.9156","article-title":"Use of osteopathic manipulation for treatment of chronic shoulder injury related to vaccine administration","volume":"12","author":"Veera S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Veera S, Chin J, Kleyn L, Spinelli S, Tafler L. Use of osteopathic manipulation for treatment of chronic shoulder injury related to vaccine administration. Cureus. 2020, 12:e9156. 10.7759\/cureus.9156","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15621\/ijphy\/2015\/v2i2\/65255","article-title":"Comparative effect of spencer technique versus mulligans technique for subjects with frozen shoulder a single blind study","volume":"2","author":"Khyathi P","year":"2015","unstructured":"Khyathi P, Babu K, Kumar N, et al.. Comparative effect of spencer technique versus mulligans technique for subjects with frozen shoulder a single blind study. Int J Physiother. 2015, 2:448-58. 10.15621\/ijphy\/2015\/v2i2\/65255","journal-title":"Int J Physiother"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.41233","article-title":"An integrated physical therapy using spencer\u2019s technique in the rehabilitation of a patient with a frozen shoulder: a case report","volume":"15","author":"Phansopkar P","year":"2023","unstructured":"Phansopkar P, Qureshi MI. An integrated physical therapy using spencer\u2019s technique in the rehabilitation of a patient with a frozen shoulder: a case report. Cureus. 2023, 15:e41233. 10.7759\/cureus.41233","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2004.07.353","article-title":"The effect of heat on tissue extensibility: a comparison of deep and superficial heating","volume":"86","author":"Robertson VJ","year":"2005","unstructured":"Robertson VJ, Ward AR, Jung P. The effect of heat on tissue extensibility: a comparison of deep and superficial heating. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005, 86:819-25. 10.1016\/j.apmr.2004.07.353","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11622\/smedj.2017107","article-title":"Physical therapy in the management of frozen shoulder","volume":"58","author":"Chan HB","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chan HB, Pua PY, How CH. Physical therapy in the management of frozen shoulder. Singapore Med J. 2017, 58:685-9. 10.11622\/smedj.2017107","journal-title":"Singapore Med J"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/pq.2023.115415","article-title":"Comparative effect of gong\u2019s mobilization and spencer technique to manage frozen shoulder","volume":"31","author":"Prasanth S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Prasanth S, Mohana A, Sreedharan S, et al.. Comparative effect of gong\u2019s mobilization and spencer technique to manage frozen shoulder. Physiother Q. 2022, 31:57-64. 10.5114\/pq.2023.115415","journal-title":"Physiother Q"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31851\/hon.v6i2.11759","article-title":"The effectiveness of codman pendulum exercise and scapular mobilization to reduce pain in frozen shoulder conditions","volume":"6","author":"Selviani I","year":"2023","unstructured":"Selviani I, Okilanda A, Resmana R, et al.. The effectiveness of codman pendulum exercise and scapular mobilization to reduce pain in frozen shoulder conditions. Halaman Olahraga Nusantara. 2023, 6:554-60. 10.31851\/hon.v6i2.11759","journal-title":"Halaman Olahraga Nusantara"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/218697-impact-of-spencer-technique-on-pain-range-of-motion-and-functional-disability-in-patients-with-frozen-shoulder-a-pilot-study","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T20:15:58Z","timestamp":1707509758000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/218697-impact-of-spencer-technique-on-pain-range-of-motion-and-functional-disability-in-patients-with-frozen-shoulder-a-pilot-study"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"references-count":26,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.53263","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]}}}