{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T09:13:23Z","timestamp":1780564403123,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.54045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T08:54:12Z","timestamp":1707728052000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, and Antimicrobial Activities of Raspberry Fruit Extract: An In Vitro Study"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"Gomathi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T N","family":"Umamaheswari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Prethipa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/an.110.000117","article-title":"Herbal extracts and phytochemicals: plant secondary metabolites and the enhancement of human brain function","volume":"2","author":"Kennedy DO","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kennedy DO, Wightman EL. Herbal extracts and phytochemicals: plant secondary metabolites and the enhancement of human brain function. Adv Nutr. 2011, 2:32-50. 10.3945\/an.110.000117","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su14148329","article-title":"Plant nutrition for human health: a pictorial review on plant bioactive compounds for sustainable agriculture","volume":"14","author":"El-Ramady H","year":"2022","unstructured":"El-Ramady H, Hajd\u00fa P, T\u00f6r\u0151s G, et al.. Plant nutrition for human health: a pictorial review on plant bioactive compounds for sustainable agriculture. Sustainability. 2022, 14:8329. 10.3390\/su14148329","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/oxim.2.5.9498","article-title":"Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease","volume":"2","author":"Pandey KB","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pandey KB, Rizvi SI. Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2009, 2:270-8. 10.4161\/oxim.2.5.9498","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36348\/sijb.2019.v02i10.001","article-title":"A novel approach towards nutraceuticals and biomedical applications","volume":"2","author":"Ghani U","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ghani U, Naeem M, Rafeeq H, et al.. A novel approach towards nutraceuticals and biomedical applications. Sch Int J Biochem. 2019, 2:245-52. 10.36348\/sijb.2019.v02i10.001","journal-title":"Sch Int J Biochem"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-4053-2","article-title":"Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants: Volume 4, Fruits","author":"Lim TK","year":"201255569","unstructured":"Lim TK, Lim TK. Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants: Volume 4, Fruits. Springer Dordrecht, Dordrecht; 201255569. 10.1007\/978-94-007-4053-2"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867043365143","article-title":"Therapeutic constituents and actions of Rubus species","volume":"11","author":"Patel AV","year":"2004","unstructured":"Patel AV, Rojas-Vera J, Dacke CG. Therapeutic constituents and actions of Rubus species. Curr Med Chem. 2004, 11:1501-12. 10.2174\/0929867043365143","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/an.115.009639","article-title":"Red raspberries and their bioactive polyphenols: cardiometabolic and neuronal health links","volume":"7","author":"Burton-Freeman BM","year":"2016","unstructured":"Burton-Freeman BM, Sandhu AK, Edirisinghe I. Red raspberries and their bioactive polyphenols: cardiometabolic and neuronal health links. Adv Nutr. 2016, 7:44-65. 10.3945\/an.115.009639","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2019.103568","article-title":"Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) fruit extract decreases oxidation markers, improves lipid metabolism and reduces adipose tissue inflammation in hypertrophied 3T3-L1 adipocytes","volume":"62","author":"Kowalska K","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kowalska K, Olejnik A, Zieli\u0144ska-Wasielica J, et al.. Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) fruit extract decreases oxidation markers, improves lipid metabolism and reduces adipose tissue inflammation in hypertrophied 3T3-L1 adipocytes. J  Funct Foods. 2019, 62:103568. 10.1016\/j.jff.2019.103568","journal-title":"J  Funct Foods"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf903484g","article-title":"Raspberries and human health: a review","volume":"58","author":"Rao AV","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rao AV, Snyder DM. Raspberries and human health: a review. J Agric Food Chem. 2010, 58:3871-83. 10.1021\/jf903484g","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox5020017","article-title":"Berry leaves: an alternative source of bioactive natural products of nutritional and medicinal value","volume":"5","author":"Ferlemi AV","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ferlemi AV, Lamari FN. Berry leaves: an alternative source of bioactive natural products of nutritional and medicinal value. Antioxidants (Basel). 2016, 5:10.3390\/antiox5020017","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/NHA-190072","article-title":"Characterization of the nutrient profile of processed red raspberries for use in nutrition labeling and promoting healthy food choices","volume":"5","author":"Zhang X","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang X, Ahuja JK, Burton-Freeman BM. Characterization of the nutrient profile of processed red raspberries for use in nutrition labeling and promoting healthy food choices. Nutr Healthy Aging. 2019, 5:225-36. 10.3233\/NHA-190072","journal-title":"Nutr Healthy Aging"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-7998-8225-1.ch016","article-title":"Nutrition: a strategy for curtailing the impact of COVID-19 through immunity booster foods","author":"Ahmad MH","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ahmad MH, Afzal MF, Imran M, et al.. Nutrition: a strategy for curtailing the impact of COVID-19 through immunity booster foods. Handbook of Research on Pathophysiology and Strategies for the Management of COVID-19. IGI Global, Hershey; 2022. 253-69. 10.4018\/978-1-7998-8225-1.ch016"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/ern.10.42","article-title":"Oxidative stress and Alzheimer's disease: dietary polyphenols as potential therapeutic agents","volume":"10","author":"Darvesh AS","year":"2010","unstructured":"Darvesh AS, Carroll RT, Bishayee A, Geldenhuys WJ, Van der Schyf CJ. Oxidative stress and Alzheimer's disease: dietary polyphenols as potential therapeutic agents. Expert Rev Neurother. 2010, 10:729-45. 10.1586\/ern.10.42","journal-title":"Expert Rev Neurother"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2019.03.024","article-title":"A comprehensive review of ethnopharmacologically important medicinal plant species from Mauritius","volume":"122","author":"Suroowan S","year":"2019","unstructured":"Suroowan S, Pynee KB, Mahomoodally MF. A comprehensive review of ethnopharmacologically important medicinal plant species from Mauritius. S Afr J Bot. 2019, 122:189-213. 10.1016\/j.sajb.2019.03.024","journal-title":"S Afr J Bot"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1526-9523(01)00095-2","article-title":"Raspberry leaf in pregnancy: its safety and efficacy in labor","volume":"46","author":"Simpson M","year":"2001","unstructured":"Simpson M, Parsons M, Greenwood J, et al.. Raspberry leaf in pregnancy: its safety and efficacy in labor. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2001, 46:51-9. 10.1016\/s1526-9523(01)00095-2","journal-title":"J Midwifery Womens Health"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/rjmp.2016.457.462","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of Rubia cordifolia: methods to determine antimicrobial activity","volume":"8","author":"Ismail YA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ismail YA, Wedyan M, Al-zu\u2018abe M, et al.. Antimicrobial activity of Rubia cordifolia: methods to determine antimicrobial activity. Res J Med Plant. 2016, 8:457-62. 10.3923\/rjmp.2016.457.462","journal-title":"Res J Med Plant"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox2010011","article-title":"Antioxidant capacity of selected plant extracts and their essential oils","volume":"2","author":"Proestos C","year":"2013","unstructured":"Proestos C, Lytoudi K, Mavromelanidou OK, Zoumpoulakis P, Sinanoglou VJ. Antioxidant capacity of selected plant extracts and their essential oils. Antioxidants (Basel). 2013, 2:11-22. 10.3390\/antiox2010011","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/643285","article-title":"Antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid content of various solvent extracts from in vivo and in vitro grown Trifolium pratense L. (red clover)","volume":"2015","author":"Khorasani Esmaeili A","year":"2015","unstructured":"Khorasani Esmaeili A, Mat Taha R, Mohajer S, Banisalam B. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid content of various solvent extracts from in vivo and in vitro grown Trifolium pratense L. (red clover). Biomed Res Int. 2015, 2015:643285. 10.1155\/2015\/643285","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"In-vitro evaluation of the anti-inflammatory potential of selected Jamaican plant extracts using the bovine serum albumin protein denaturation assay","volume":"47","author":"Bailey-Shaw YA","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bailey-Shaw YA, Williams LA, Green CE, et al.. In-vitro evaluation of the anti-inflammatory potential of selected Jamaican plant extracts using the bovine serum albumin protein denaturation assay. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res. 2017, 47:145-53.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2221-1691(12)60154-3","article-title":"Evaluation of in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of coffee against the denaturation of protein","volume":"2","author":"Chandra S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chandra S, Chatterjee P, Dey P, et al.. Evaluation of in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of coffee against the denaturation of protein. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2012, 2:178-80. 10.1016\/S2221-1691(12)60154-3","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Trop Biomed"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Investigation of the influence of biologically active compounds on the antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of red raspberry (Rubus idaeous l.) leaf extract","volume":"35","author":"Oleksander Maslov","year":"2022","unstructured":"Oleksander Maslov, Mykola Komisarenko, Svitlana Ponomarenko, et al.. Investigation of the influence of biologically active compounds on the antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of red raspberry (Rubus idaeous l.) leaf extract. Curr Issues Pharm Med Sci. 2022, 35:229-35.","journal-title":"Curr Issues Pharm Med Sci"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2017.10.130","article-title":"Anthocyanins-rich berry extracts directed formation of Ag NPs with the investigation of their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities","volume":"248","author":"Demirbas A","year":"2017","unstructured":"Demirbas A, Yilmaz V, Ildiz N, et al.. Anthocyanins-rich berry extracts directed formation of Ag NPs with the investigation of their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. J Mol Liq. 2017, 248:1044-9. 10.1016\/j.molliq.2017.10.130","journal-title":"J Mol Liq"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Extracellular bio-inspired synthesis of silver nanoparticles using raspberry leaf extract against human pathogens","volume":"25","author":"Pradeepa M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pradeepa M, Harini K, Ruckmani K, et al.. Extracellular bio-inspired synthesis of silver nanoparticles using raspberry leaf extract against human pathogens. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res. 2014, 25:160-5.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"Antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of waste products remaining after juice pressing","volume":"8","author":"Krisch J","year":"2009","unstructured":"Krisch J, Galg\u00f3czy L, Papp T, et al.. Antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of waste products remaining after juice pressing. Ann Fac Eng Hunedoara-J Eng. 2009, 8:131-4.","journal-title":"Ann Fac Eng Hunedoara-J Eng"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327914nc5401_4","article-title":"Berry phenolics: antimicrobial properties and mechanisms of action against severe human pathogens","volume":"54","author":"Nohynek LJ","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nohynek LJ, Alakomi HL, K\u00e4hk\u00f6nen MP, Heinonen M, Helander IM, Oksman-Caldentey KM, Puupponen-Pimi\u00e4 RH. Berry phenolics: antimicrobial properties and mechanisms of action against severe human pathogens. Nutr Cancer. 2006, 54:18-32. 10.1207\/s15327914nc5401_4","journal-title":"Nutr Cancer"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"Antioxidant activity of silver nanoparticles prepared by green synthesis","author":"Ruttkay-Nedeck\u00fd B","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ruttkay-Nedeck\u00fd B, Do\u010dekalov\u00e1 M, Hosnedlov\u00e1 B, et al.. Antioxidant activity of silver nanoparticles prepared by green synthesis. Proceedings of 10th Nanomaterials International Conference 2018. TANGER Ltd. and Czech Society for New Materials and Technologies, Brno; 2018. 392-6."},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf902263n","article-title":"Identification of flavonoid and phenolic antioxidants in black currants, blueberries, raspberries, red currants, and cranberries","volume":"58","author":"Borges G","year":"2010","unstructured":"Borges G, Degeneve A, Mullen W, Crozier A. Identification of flavonoid and phenolic antioxidants in black currants, blueberries, raspberries, red currants, and cranberries. J Agric Food Chem. 2010, 58:3901-9. 10.1021\/jf902263n","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effect of lycopene and raspberry in-situ gel","volume":"18","author":"Chaithanya VM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chaithanya VM, Maheswari TU, Kumar SR. Anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effect of lycopene and raspberry in-situ gel. Bioinformation. 2022, 18:645-50.","journal-title":"Bioinformation"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jiaomr.jiaomr_98_21","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of lycopene, raspberry, green tea herbal formulation mediated silver nanoparticle","volume":"1","author":"Chaithanya MV","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chaithanya MV, Maheswari TU, Rajeshkumar S. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of lycopene, raspberry, green tea herbal formulation mediated silver nanoparticle. J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol. 2021, 1:397-400. 10.4103\/jiaomr.jiaomr_98_21","journal-title":"J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12020463","article-title":"Phenolic composition, mineral content, and beneficial bioactivities of leaf extracts from black currant (Ribes nigrum l.), raspberry (Rubus idaeus), and aronia (Aronia melanocarpa)","volume":"12","author":"Staszowska-Karkut M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Staszowska-Karkut M, Materska M. Phenolic composition, mineral content, and beneficial bioactivities of leaf extracts from black currant (Ribes nigrum l.), raspberry (Rubus idaeus), and aronia (Aronia melanocarpa). Nutrients. 2020, 12:10.3390\/nu12020463","journal-title":"Nutrients"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/221551-evaluation-of-antioxidant-anti-inflammatory-and-antimicrobial-activities-of-raspberry-fruit-extract-an-in-vitro-study","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T08:54:16Z","timestamp":1707728056000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/221551-evaluation-of-antioxidant-anti-inflammatory-and-antimicrobial-activities-of-raspberry-fruit-extract-an-in-vitro-study"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]]},"references-count":30,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.54045","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]]}}}