{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T19:31:53Z","timestamp":1747769513114},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.54574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]],"date-time":"2024-02-21T02:38:27Z","timestamp":1708483107000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cocaine-Induced Toxic Leukoencephalopathy: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Shayet Hossain","family":"Eshan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andranik","family":"Bedross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gopika","family":"Chandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jose R","family":"Medina Inojosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shyam","family":"Chalise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13760-020-01449-5","article-title":"Cocaine-induced multifocal leukoencephalopathy","volume":"121","author":"Vitturi BK","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vitturi BK. Cocaine-induced multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Acta Neurol Belg. 2021, 121:1393-4. 10.1007\/s13760-020-01449-5","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Belg"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2324709619868266","article-title":"Full recovery from cocaine-induced toxic leukoencephalopathy: emphasizing the role of neuroinflammation and brain edema","volume":"7","author":"Mader EC Jr","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mader EC Jr, Ramos AB, Cruz RA, Branch LA. Full recovery from cocaine-induced toxic leukoencephalopathy: emphasizing the role of neuroinflammation and brain edema. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep. 2019, 7:2324709619868266. 10.1177\/2324709619868266","journal-title":"J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2017.01.018","article-title":"Confirmed case of levamisole-associated multifocal inflammatory leukoencephalopathy in a cocaine user","volume":"305","author":"Vitt JR","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vitt JR, Brown EG, Chow DS, Josephson SA. Confirmed case of levamisole-associated multifocal inflammatory leukoencephalopathy in a cocaine user. J Neuroimmunol. 2017, 305:128-30. 10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2017.01.018","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-015-0467-1","article-title":"Multifocal leukoencephalopathy in cocaine users: a report of two cases and review of the literature","volume":"15","author":"Vosoughi R","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vosoughi R, Schmidt BJ. Multifocal leukoencephalopathy in cocaine users: a report of two cases and review of the literature. BMC Neurol. 2015, 15:208. 10.1186\/s12883-015-0467-1","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2006.088955","article-title":"Fatal encephalopathy after an isolated overdose of cocaine","volume":"78","author":"Kondziella D","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kondziella D, Danielsen ER, Arlien-Soeborg P. Fatal encephalopathy after an isolated overdose of cocaine. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007, 78:437-8. 10.1136\/jnnp.2006.088955","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2011.03.005","article-title":"Recurrent leukoencephalopathy in a cocaine abuser","volume":"32","author":"Bianco F","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bianco F, Iacovelli E, Tinelli E, Lepre C, Pauri F. Recurrent leukoencephalopathy in a cocaine abuser. Neurotoxicology. 2011, 32:410-2. 10.1016\/j.neuro.2011.03.005","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2018-229134","article-title":"Cocaine-induced toxic leucoencephalopathy with complete clinical recovery","volume":"12","author":"Abdilla Y","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abdilla Y, Cauchi M, Vella N. Cocaine-induced toxic leucoencephalopathy with complete clinical recovery. BMJ Case Rep. 2019, 12:10.1136\/bcr-2018-229134","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050313X20940532","article-title":"Bal\u00f2's concentric sclerosis in a case of cocaine-levamisole abuse","volume":"8","author":"Grasso D","year":"2020","unstructured":"Grasso D, Borreggine C, Castorani G, et al.. Bal\u00f2's concentric sclerosis in a case of cocaine-levamisole abuse. SAGE Open Med Case Rep. 2020, 8:2050313X20940532. 10.1177\/2050313X20940532","journal-title":"SAGE Open Med Case Rep"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42466-022-00202-y","article-title":"Multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with intensive use of cocaine and the adulterant levamisole in a 29-year old patient","volume":"4","author":"Tollens N","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tollens N, Post P, Martins Dos Santos M, Niggemann P, Warken M, Wolf J. Multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with intensive use of cocaine and the adulterant levamisole in a 29-year old patient. Neurol Res Pract. 2022, 4:38. 10.1186\/s42466-022-00202-y","journal-title":"Neurol Res Pract"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2019.101496","article-title":"Tumefactive inflammatory leukoencephalopathy in cocaine users: Report of three cases","volume":"38","author":"Pessini LM","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pessini LM, Kremer S, Auger C, et al.. Tumefactive inflammatory leukoencephalopathy in cocaine users: Report of three cases. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2020, 38:101496. 10.1016\/j.msard.2019.101496","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ADT.0000000000000102","article-title":"A case of cocaine-induced toxic leukoencephalopathy with severe radiologic but mild clinical disease","volume":"16","author":"AbdelRazek MA","year":"2017","unstructured":"AbdelRazek MA, Albrecht A, Han C, Elsadek R, Yadollahikhales G. A case of cocaine-induced toxic leukoencephalopathy with severe radiologic but mild clinical disease. Addict Disord Their Treat. 2017, 16:59-63. 10.1097\/ADT.0000000000000102","journal-title":"Addict Disord Their Treat"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4067\/S0034-98872015001100015","article-title":"[Fatal toxic leukoencephalopathy associated with consumption of pasta base of cocaine: Report of three cases]","volume":"143","author":"Cartier R L","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cartier R L, Gonz\u00e1lez L D, Har\u00e1n D J. [Fatal toxic leukoencephalopathy associated with consumption of pasta base of cocaine: Report of three cases]. Rev Med Chil. 2015, 143:1484-9. 10.4067\/S0034-98872015001100015","journal-title":"Rev Med Chil"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.11.011","article-title":"Cocaine-induced multifocal leukoencephalopathy mimicking Balo's concentric sclerosis: A 2-year follow-up with serial imaging of a single patient","volume":"19","author":"Sagduyu Kocaman A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sagduyu Kocaman A, Yalinay Dikmen P, Karaarslan E. Cocaine-induced multifocal leukoencephalopathy mimicking Balo's concentric sclerosis: A 2-year follow-up with serial imaging of a single patient. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2018, 19:96-8. 10.1016\/j.msard.2017.11.011","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150050469","article-title":"Toxic leukoencephalopathy after intravenous consumption of heroin and cocaine with unexpected clinical recovery","volume":"246","author":"Maschke M","year":"1999","unstructured":"Maschke M, Fehlings T, Kastrup O, Wilhelm HW, Leonhardt G. Toxic leukoencephalopathy after intravenous consumption of heroin and cocaine with unexpected clinical recovery. J Neurol. 1999, 246:850-1. 10.1007\/s004150050469","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2010.11.006","article-title":"Drug-induced leukoencephalopathy presenting as catatonia","volume":"33","author":"Anbarasan D","year":"2011","unstructured":"Anbarasan D, Campion P, Howard J. Drug-induced leukoencephalopathy presenting as catatonia. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2011, 33:85.e1-3. 10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2010.11.006","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00463","article-title":"Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES): pathophysiology and neuro-imaging","volume":"11","author":"Anderson RC","year":"2020","unstructured":"Anderson RC, Patel V, Sheikh-Bahaei N, et al.. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES): pathophysiology and neuro-imaging. Front Neurol. 2020, 11:463. 10.3389\/fneur.2020.00463","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2012.00152","article-title":"Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: a truly treatable neurologic illness","volume":"32","author":"Hobson EV","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hobson EV, Craven I, Blank SC. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: a truly treatable neurologic illness. Perit Dial Int. 2012, 32:590-4. 10.3747\/pdi.2012.00152","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17756\/jnpn.2018-025","article-title":"Cocaine-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES): a case report and review of the literature","volume":"3","author":"Dasari V","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dasari V, Donohoe CD. Cocaine-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES): a case report and review of the literature. J Neuroimaging Psychiatry Neurol. 2018, 3:30-4. 10.17756\/jnpn.2018-025","journal-title":"J Neuroimaging Psychiatry Neurol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.01420","article-title":"Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in clinical toxicology: a systematic review of published case reports","volume":"10","author":"Largeau B","year":"2019","unstructured":"Largeau B, Boels D, Victorri-Vigneau C, Cohen C, Salmon Gandonni\u00e8re C, Ehrmann S. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in clinical toxicology: a systematic review of published case reports. Front Neurol. 2019, 10:1420. 10.3389\/fneur.2019.01420","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.36824","article-title":"Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in an adult male with uncontrolled blood pressure and cocaine use: a case report","volume":"15","author":"Benjamin B","year":"2023","unstructured":"Benjamin B, Tewoldemedhin B, Rodas A. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in an adult male with uncontrolled blood pressure and cocaine use: a case report. Cureus. 2023, 15:e36824. 10.7759\/cureus.36824","journal-title":"Cureus"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/231542-cocaine-induced-toxic-leukoencephalopathy-a-case-report","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]],"date-time":"2024-02-21T02:38:31Z","timestamp":1708483111000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/231542-cocaine-induced-toxic-leukoencephalopathy-a-case-report"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]]},"references-count":20,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.54574","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]]}}}