{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T14:09:58Z","timestamp":1780582198143,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.56012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T10:30:49Z","timestamp":1710239449000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Magnitude of Bone Disease in Transfusion-Dependent and Non-Transfusion-Dependent \u03b2-Thalassemia Patients"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Rawand P","family":"Shamoon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed K","family":"Yassin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Negar","family":"Omar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad D","family":"Saeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reving","family":"Akram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naska N","family":"Othman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijh.ijh_12_19","article-title":"Evaluation of cardiac complications in transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) and non-transfusion dependent thalassemia (NTDT) beta thalassemia patients","volume":"9","author":"Nameq MS","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nameq MS, Shamoon RP, Saka MH. Evaluation of cardiac complications in transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) and non-transfusion dependent thalassemia (NTDT) beta thalassemia patients. Iraqi J Hematol. 2020, 9:11-6. 10.4103\/ijh.ijh_12_19","journal-title":"Iraqi J Hematol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2010.05550.x","article-title":"The natural history of thalassemia intermedia","volume":"1202","author":"Borgna-Pignatti C","year":"2010","unstructured":"Borgna-Pignatti C, Marsella M, Zanforlin N. The natural history of thalassemia intermedia. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010, 1202:214-20. 10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2010.05550.x","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-020-00811-7","article-title":"Bone mineral density in transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients and its associated factors in Southern Iran","volume":"15","author":"Bordbar M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bordbar M, Omrani GR, Haghpanah S, Saki F, Karimi M, Zekavat O. Bone mineral density in transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients and its associated factors in Southern Iran. Arch Osteoporos. 2020, 15:148. 10.1007\/s11657-020-00811-7","journal-title":"Arch Osteoporos"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2807120","article-title":"Beta-Thalassemia intermedia: a single thalassemia center experience from Northeastern Iraq","volume":"2020","author":"Amin SS","year":"2020","unstructured":"Amin SS, Jalal SD, Ali KM, Mohammed AI, Rasool LK, Osman TJ. Beta-Thalassemia intermedia: a single thalassemia center experience from Northeastern Iraq. Biomed Res Int. 2020, 2020:2807120. 10.1155\/2020\/2807120","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15024","article-title":"Overview of treatment approaches to osteoporosis","volume":"178","author":"Langdahl BL","year":"2021","unstructured":"Langdahl BL. Overview of treatment approaches to osteoporosis. Br J Pharmacol. 2021, 178:1891-906. 10.1111\/bph.15024","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021548","article-title":"Bone histomorphometry in children and adolescents with beta-thalassemia disease: iron-associated focal osteomalacia","volume":"88","author":"Mahachoklertwattana P","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mahachoklertwattana P, Sirikulchayanonta V, Chuansumrit A, et al.. Bone histomorphometry in children and adolescents with beta-thalassemia disease: iron-associated focal osteomalacia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003, 88:3966-72. 10.1210\/jc.2002-021548","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2013.04.004","article-title":"A sequence variation: 713-8delC in the transforming growth factor beta 1 gene polymorphism in thalassemia major patients","volume":"17","author":"Singh K","year":"2014","unstructured":"Singh K, Agarwal S, Shukla A, Gupta S. A sequence variation: 713-8delC in the transforming growth factor beta 1 gene polymorphism in thalassemia major patients. J Clin Densitom. 2014, 17:185-9. 10.1016\/j.jocd.2013.04.004","journal-title":"J Clin Densitom"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.12201","article-title":"When to consider transfusion therapy for patients with non-transfusion-dependent thalassaemia","volume":"108","author":"Taher AT","year":"2015","unstructured":"Taher AT, Radwan A, Viprakasit V. When to consider transfusion therapy for patients with non-transfusion-dependent thalassaemia. Vox Sang. 2015, 108:1-10. 10.1111\/vox.12201","journal-title":"Vox Sang"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-010-9365-0","article-title":"Changes in bone microarchitecture and biomechanical properties in the th3 thalassemia mouse are associated with decreased bone turnover and occur during the period of bone accrual","volume":"86","author":"Vogiatzi MG","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vogiatzi MG, Tsay J, Verdelis K, et al.. Changes in bone microarchitecture and biomechanical properties in the th3 thalassemia mouse are associated with decreased bone turnover and occur during the period of bone accrual. Calcif Tissue Int. 2010, 86:484-94. 10.1007\/s00223-010-9365-0","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13003","article-title":"The importance of nutrition for health in patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia","volume":"1368","author":"Fung EB","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fung EB. The importance of nutrition for health in patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2016, 1368:40-8. 10.1111\/nyas.13003","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4084\/MJHID.2017.018","article-title":"\u03b2-Thalassemia distribution in the old world: an ancient disease seen from a historical standpoint","volume":"9","author":"De Sanctis V","year":"2017","unstructured":"De Sanctis V. \u03b2-Thalassemia distribution in the old world: an ancient disease seen from a historical standpoint. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 2017, 9:e2017018. 10.4084\/MJHID.2017.018","journal-title":"Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1998.01108.x","article-title":"High prevalence of low bone mass in thalassaemia major","volume":"103","author":"Jensen CE","year":"1998","unstructured":"Jensen CE, Tuck SM, Agnew JE, et al.. High prevalence of low bone mass in thalassaemia major. Br J Haematol. 1998, 103:911-5. 10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1998.01108.x","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03630269.2015.1032415","article-title":"Molecular basis of \u03b2-thalassemia intermedia in Erbil Province of Iraqi Kurdistan","volume":"39","author":"Shamoon RP","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shamoon RP, Al-Allawi NA, Cappellini MD, Di Pierro E, Brancaleoni V, Granata F. Molecular basis of \u03b2-thalassemia intermedia in Erbil Province of Iraqi Kurdistan. Hemoglobin. 2015, 39:178-83. 10.3109\/03630269.2015.1032415","journal-title":"Hemoglobin"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4061\/2010\/479282","article-title":"\u03b2-Thalassemia mutations among transfusion-dependent thalassemia major patients in Northern Iraq","volume":"2010","author":"Al-Allawi NA","year":"2010","unstructured":"Al-Allawi NA, Hassan KM, Sheikha AK, Nerweiy FF, Dawood RS, Jubrael J. \u03b2-Thalassemia mutations among transfusion-dependent thalassemia major patients in Northern Iraq. Mol Biol Int. 2010, 2010:479282. 10.4061\/2010\/479282","journal-title":"Mol Biol Int"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Bone mineral density in thalassemia major and intermedia, correlation with biochemical and hormonal profiles","volume":"4","author":"Rafsanjani A","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rafsanjani A, Razzaghy-Azar M, Zahedi-Shoolami L, Vossough, Modarres A, Taheri N. Bone mineral density in thalassemia major and intermedia, correlation with biochemical and hormonal profiles. Iran J Blood Cancer. 2009, 4:121-7.","journal-title":"Iran J Blood Cancer"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"Bone mineral density in beta-thalassemia major and intermedia","volume":"44","author":"Karimi M","year":"2007","unstructured":"Karimi M, Ghiam AF, Hashemi A, et al.. Bone mineral density in beta-thalassemia major and intermedia. Indian Pediatr. 2007, 44:29-32.","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15761\/CCRR.1000373","article-title":"Osteoporosis and associated factors among thalassemia patients referred to bone mineral density screening: Dubai Hospital, 2014-2017","volume":"3","author":"Zadeh M","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zadeh M, Hussain H, Al Faisal W, Muhasin M. Osteoporosis and associated factors among thalassemia patients referred to bone mineral density screening: Dubai Hospital, 2014-2017. Clin Case Rep Rev. 2017, 3:1-4. 10.15761\/CCRR.1000373","journal-title":"Clin Case Rep Rev"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/jhealthscope.64137","article-title":"Bone mineral density (BMD) and chemical biomarkers among patients with thalassemia major and intermedia in Iran","volume":"7","author":"Ansari-Moghadam AR","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ansari-Moghadam AR, Adineh H, Zareban I, Almasy Z, Maghsudlu M. Bone mineral density (BMD) and chemical biomarkers among patients with thalassemia major and intermedia in Iran. Health Scope. 2018, 7:e64137. 10.5812\/jhealthscope.64137","journal-title":"Health Scope"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03343738","article-title":"Effects of 12 months rec-GH therapy on bone and collagen turnover and bone mineral density in GH deficient children with thalassaemia major","volume":"23","author":"Sartorio A","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sartorio A, Conte G, Conti A, Masala A, Alagna S, Rovasio P, Faglia G. Effects of 12 months rec-GH therapy on bone and collagen turnover and bone mineral density in GH deficient children with thalassaemia major. J Endocrinol Invest. 2000, 23:356-61. 10.1007\/BF03343738","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4084\/MJHID.2013.057","article-title":"Vitamin D status in thalassemia major: an update","volume":"5","author":"Soliman A","year":"2013","unstructured":"Soliman A. Vitamin D status in thalassemia major: an update. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 2013, 5:e2013057. 10.4084\/MJHID.2013.057","journal-title":"Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/648349","article-title":"Comparison of bone mineral density in thalassemia major patients with healthy controls","volume":"2015","author":"Meena MC","year":"2015","unstructured":"Meena MC, Hemal A, Satija M, Arora SK, Bano S. Comparison of bone mineral density in thalassemia major patients with healthy controls. Adv Hematol. 2015, 2015:648349. 10.1155\/2015\/648349","journal-title":"Adv Hematol"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"Bone mineral density in patients with thalassemia major, the experience of a single institute","volume":"12","author":"Ansaf AI","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ansaf AI, Faraj SA, Mohammed RA. Bone mineral density in patients with thalassemia major, the experience of a single institute. Int J Res Pharm Sci. 2021, 12:676-82.","journal-title":"Int J Res Pharm Sci"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Bone metabolism and mineral density in patients with beta-thalassemia major","volume":"28","author":"Dundar U","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dundar U, Kupesiz A, Ozdem S, Gilgil E, Tuncer T, Yesilipek A, Gultekin M. Bone metabolism and mineral density in patients with beta-thalassemia major. Saudi Med J. 2007, 28:1425-9.","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6823-3-4","article-title":"Metabolic and endocrinologic complications in beta-thalassemia major: a multicenter study in Tehran","volume":"3","author":"Shamshirsaz AA","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shamshirsaz AA, Bekheirnia MR, Kamgar M, et al.. Metabolic and endocrinologic complications in beta-thalassemia major: a multicenter study in Tehran. BMC Endocr Disord. 2003, 3:4. 10.1186\/1472-6823-3-4","journal-title":"BMC Endocr Disord"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03343916","article-title":"Endocrine complications of thalassemia","volume":"24","author":"Tiosano D","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tiosano D, Hochberg Z. Endocrine complications of thalassemia. J Endocrinol Invest. 2001, 24:716-23. 10.1007\/BF03343916","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1345.063","article-title":"Low bone mineral density in adolescents with beta-thalassemia","volume":"1054","author":"Vogiatzi MG","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vogiatzi MG, Autio KA, Mait JE, Schneider R, Lesser M, Giardina PJ. Low bone mineral density in adolescents with beta-thalassemia. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005, 1054:462-6. 10.1196\/annals.1345.063","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"Bone mineral density in adult patients with major thalassaemia: our experience and a brief review of the literature","volume":"63","author":"Izadyar S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Izadyar S, Fazeli M, Izadyar M, Salamati P, Gholamrezanezhad A. Bone mineral density in adult patients with major thalassaemia: our experience and a brief review of the literature. Endokrynol Pol. 2012, 63:264-9.","journal-title":"Endokrynol Pol"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/234684-magnitude-of-bone-disease-in-transfusion-dependent-and-non-transfusion-dependent--thalassemia-patients","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T10:30:54Z","timestamp":1710239454000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/234684-magnitude-of-bone-disease-in-transfusion-dependent-and-non-transfusion-dependent--thalassemia-patients"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]]},"references-count":27,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.56012","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]]}}}