{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T06:58:17Z","timestamp":1784703497857,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.56705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]],"date-time":"2024-03-22T13:12:04Z","timestamp":1711113124000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Efficacy of Amblyopia Treatments in Children Up to Seven Years Old: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Artashes","family":"Yeritsyan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashka V","family":"Surve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bolaji","family":"Ayinde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priyank","family":"Chokshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjeev","family":"Adhikari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aniket","family":"Jaimalani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pousette","family":"Hamid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Boston Children\u2019s Hospital. Amblyopia. Accessed: August 26, 2023: https:\/\/www.childrenshospital.org\/conditions\/amblyopia."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22336\/rjo.2020.56","article-title":"A systematic review of Amblyopia prevalence among the children of the world","volume":"64","author":"Mostafaie A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mostafaie A, Ghojazadeh M, Hosseinifard H, Manaflouyan H, Farhadi F, Taheri N, Pashazadeh F. A systematic review of Amblyopia prevalence among the children of the world. Rom J Ophthalmol. 2020, 64:342-55. 10.22336\/rjo.2020.56","journal-title":"Rom J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Amblyopia","volume":"75","author":"Doshi NR","year":"2007","unstructured":"Doshi NR, Rodriguez MLF. Amblyopia. Am Fam Physician. 2007, 75:361-7.","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Cincinnati\u2019s leading pediatric eye care professional | eye conditions | amblyopia. Accessed. August 26, 2023: https:\/\/www.drmilesburke.com\/eye-condition\/eye-alignment-disorders-strabismus\/amblyopia\/#:~:text=There%20are%20four%2...."},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"Types of amblyopia. (2015). Accessed. August 26, 2023: https:\/\/www.aao.org\/education\/disease-review\/types-of-amblyopia."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2011.179","article-title":"Effect of age on response to amblyopia treatment in children","volume":"129","author":"Holmes JM","year":"2011","unstructured":"Holmes JM, Lazar EL, Melia BM, et al.. Effect of age on response to amblyopia treatment in children. Arch Ophthalmol. 2011, 129:1451-7. 10.1001\/archophthalmol.2011.179","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldw030","article-title":"Childhood amblyopia: current management and new trends","volume":"119","author":"Tailor V","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tailor V, Bossi M, Greenwood JA, Dahlmann-Noor A. Childhood amblyopia: current management and new trends. Br Med Bull. 2016, 119:75-86. 10.1093\/bmb\/ldw030","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"Vision development and milestones. (2020). Accessed. August 26, 2023: https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/childrens-vision\/guide-to-visual-development\/guide-to-vision-development\/."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-vision-100720-022550","article-title":"Recent treatment advances in amblyopia","volume":"8","author":"Meier K","year":"2022","unstructured":"Meier K, Tarczy-Hornoch K. Recent treatment advances in amblyopia. Annu Rev Vis Sci. 2022, 8:323-43. 10.1146\/annurev-vision-100720-022550","journal-title":"Annu Rev Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref10","unstructured":"Amblyopia. types, diagnosis, treatment, and new perspectives. (2019). Accessed: August 26, 2023: https:\/\/www.aao.org\/education\/disease-review\/amblyopia-types-diagnosis-treatment-new-perspectiv."},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"Amblyopia treatment modalities. (2015). Accessed. August 26, 2023: https:\/\/www.aao.org\/education\/disease-review\/amblyopia-treatment-modalities."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003583","article-title":"The Prisma 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"18","author":"Page MJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al.. The Prisma 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. PLoS Med. 2021, 18:e1003583. 10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003583","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1505_22","article-title":"The effect of virtual reality technology in children after surgery for concomitant strabismus","volume":"71","author":"Zhang H","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang H, Yang SH, Chen T, et al.. The effect of virtual reality technology in children after surgery for concomitant strabismus. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2023, 71:625-30. 10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1505_22","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000515599","article-title":"Alternative flicker glass: a new anti-suppression approach to the treatment of anisometropic amblyopia","volume":"64","author":"Yuan Y","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yuan Y, Zhu C, Wang P, Hu X, Yao W, Huang X, Ke B. Alternative flicker glass: a new anti-suppression approach to the treatment of anisometropic amblyopia. Ophthalmic Res. 2021, 64:967-73. 10.1159\/000515599","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.09.001","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of a dichoptic digital therapeutic for amblyopia","volume":"129","author":"Xiao S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xiao S, Angjeli E, Wu HC, et al.. Randomized controlled trial of a dichoptic digital therapeutic for amblyopia. Ophthalmology. 2022, 129:77-85. 10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.09.001","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2021.2413","article-title":"Effect of combined atropine and patching vs patching alone for treatment of severe amblyopia in children aged 3 to 12 years: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"139","author":"Wang S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang S, Wen W, Zhu W, et al..  Effect of combined atropine and patching vs patching alone for treatment of severe amblyopia in children aged 3 to 12 years: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2021, 139:990-6. 10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2021.2413","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-022-02705-3","article-title":"Comparison of alternate part-time patching and pencil push-up training for patients with intermittent exotropia","volume":"22","author":"Song D","year":"2022","unstructured":"Song D, Yin L, Chen D, Qian J, Chen Z. Comparison of alternate part-time patching and pencil push-up training for patients with intermittent exotropia. BMC Ophthalmol. 2022, 22:457. 10.1186\/s12886-022-02705-3","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2019.0061","article-title":"Current management of childhood amblyopia","volume":"33","author":"Park SH","year":"2019","unstructured":"Park SH. Current management of childhood amblyopia. Korean J Ophthalmol. 2019, 33:557-68. 10.3341\/kjo.2019.0061","journal-title":"Korean J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-01300-4","article-title":"Botulinum neurotoxin injections in essential infantile esotropia - a comparative study with surgery in large-angle deviations","volume":"35","author":"Mayet I","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mayet I, Ally N, Alli HD, Tikly M, Williams S. Botulinum neurotoxin injections in essential infantile esotropia - a comparative study with surgery in large-angle deviations. Eye (Lond). 2021, 35:3071-6. 10.1038\/s41433-020-01300-4","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001867","article-title":"A randomized trial of binocular dig rush game treatment for amblyopia in children aged 4 to 6 years","volume":"99","author":"Manny RE","year":"2022","unstructured":"Manny RE, Holmes JM, Kraker RT, et al.. A randomized trial of binocular dig rush game treatment for amblyopia in children aged 4 to 6 years. Optom Vis Sci. 2022, 99:213-27. 10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001867","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006460.pub3","article-title":"Conventional occlusion versus pharmacologic penalization for amblyopia","volume":"8","author":"Li T","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li T, Qureshi R, Taylor K. Conventional occlusion versus pharmacologic penalization for amblyopia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019, 8:CD006460. 10.1002\/14651858.CD006460.pub3","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-08010-9","article-title":"Randomized clinical trial of streaming dichoptic movies versus patching for treatment of amblyopia in children aged 3 to 7\u00a0years","volume":"12","author":"Jost RM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jost RM, Hudgins LA, Dao LM, et al.. Randomized clinical trial of streaming dichoptic movies versus patching for treatment of amblyopia in children aged 3 to 7\u00a0years. Sci Rep. 2022, 12:4157. 10.1038\/s41598-022-08010-9","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18502\/jovr.v14i4.5451","article-title":"Levodopa plus occlusion therapy versus occlusion therapy alone for children with anisometropic amblyopia","volume":"14","author":"Farvardin M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Farvardin M, Khalili MR, Behnia M. Levodopa plus occlusion therapy versus occlusion therapy alone for children with anisometropic amblyopia. J Ophthalmic Vis Res. 2019, 14:457-64. 10.18502\/jovr.v14i4.5451","journal-title":"J Ophthalmic Vis Res"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2021.04.16","article-title":"Surgery at early versus late for intermittent exotropia: a meta-analysis and systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Dong Y","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dong Y, Nan L, Liu YY. Surgery at early versus late for intermittent exotropia: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Int J Ophthalmol. 2021, 14:582-8. 10.18240\/ijo.2021.04.16","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/IJO.IJO_3098_22","article-title":"Binocular vision therapy for the treatment of amblyopia - a review","volume":"71","author":"Chaturvedi I","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chaturvedi I, Jamil R, Sharma P. Binocular vision therapy for the treatment of amblyopia - a review. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2023, 71:1797-803. 10.4103\/IJO.IJO_3098_22","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52609\/jmlph.v2i2.49","article-title":"Video games in the treatment of amblyopia: a narrative review","volume":"2","author":"Azizalrahman L","year":"2022","unstructured":"Azizalrahman L. Video games in the treatment of amblyopia: a narrative review. J Med, L & Public Health. 2022, 2:123-7. 10.52609\/jmlph.v2i2.49","journal-title":"J Med, L & Public Health"},{"key":"ref27","unstructured":"Amblyopia (lazy eye) | National Eye Institute. (2019). Accessed. August 26, 2023: https:\/\/www.nei.nih.gov\/learn-about-eye-health\/eye-conditions-and-diseases\/amblyopia-lazy-eye."},{"key":"ref28","unstructured":"Lazy eye (amblyopia). Accessed. August 26, 2023: https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/lazy-eye-amblyopia."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.63.1.6","article-title":"Contrast sensitivity and stereoacuity in successfully treated refractive amblyopia","volume":"63","author":"Jia Y","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jia Y, Ye Q, Zhang S, et al.. Contrast sensitivity and stereoacuity in successfully treated refractive amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2022, 63:6. 10.1167\/iovs.63.1.6","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.61.6.50","article-title":"Suppression rather than visual acuity loss limits stereoacuity in amblyopia","volume":"61","author":"Webber AL","year":"2020","unstructured":"Webber AL, Schmid KL, Baldwin AS, Hess RF. Suppression rather than visual acuity loss limits stereoacuity in amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2020, 61:50. 10.1167\/iovs.61.6.50","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref31","unstructured":"Amblyopia is sometimes called \u201clazy eye.\u201d If left untreated, it can affect a child\u2019s vision permanently. (2022). Accessed. August 26, 2023: https:\/\/familydoctor.org\/condition\/amblyopia\/."},{"key":"ref32","unstructured":"Extended daily eye patching effective at treating stubborn amblyopia in children. (2013). Accessed. August 26, 2023: https:\/\/www.nei.nih.gov\/about\/news-and-events\/news\/extended-daily-eye-patching-effective-treating-stubborn-amblyopia-...."},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-9233.148357","article-title":"The effectiveness of home-based pencil push-up therapy versus office-based therapy for the treatment of symptomatic convergence insufficiency in young adults","volume":"22","author":"Momeni-Moghaddam H","year":"2015","unstructured":"Momeni-Moghaddam H, Kundart J, Azimi A, Hassanyani F. The effectiveness of home-based pencil push-up therapy versus office-based therapy for the treatment of symptomatic convergence insufficiency in young adults. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol. 2015, 22:97-102.","journal-title":"Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref34","unstructured":"Amblyopia. when to treat, when to refer?. (2015). Accessed: August 26, 2023: https:\/\/www.reviewofoptometry.com\/article\/amblyopia-when-to-treat-when-to-refer."},{"key":"ref35","unstructured":"Neal Eye Group. 3 things to know about amblyopia (lazy eye). (2023). Accessed: August 26, 2023: https:\/\/www.conshohockeneye.com\/3-things-to-know-about-amblyopia-lazy-eye\/."},{"key":"ref36","unstructured":"Strabismus surgery for misaligned eyes, crossed eyes, or wall eyes. Accessed. August 26, 2023: https:\/\/www.ranelle.com\/strabismus-misaligned-eyes-crossed-eyes-wall-eyes\/."},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.04.024","article-title":"Strabismus, strabismus surgery, and reoperation rate in the united states: analysis from the iris registry","volume":"125","author":"Repka MX","year":"2018","unstructured":"Repka MX, Lum F, Burugapalli B. Strabismus, strabismus surgery, and reoperation rate in the united states: analysis from the iris registry. Ophthalmology. 2018, 125:1646-53. 10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.04.024","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/jov.23.1.14","article-title":"Applications and implications for extended reality to improve binocular vision and stereopsis","volume":"23","author":"Levi DM","year":"2023","unstructured":"Levi DM. Applications and implications for extended reality to improve binocular vision and stereopsis. J Vis. 2023, 23:14. 10.1167\/jov.23.1.14","journal-title":"J Vis"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-016-0238-4","article-title":"Dichoptic training for amblyopia [Article in German]","volume":"113","author":"Bach M","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bach M. Dichoptic training for amblyopia [Article in German]. Ophthalmologe. 2016, 113:304-7. 10.1007\/s00347-016-0238-4","journal-title":"Ophthalmologe"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/195159-efficacy-of-amblyopia-treatments-in-children-up-to-seven-years-old-a-systematic-review","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]],"date-time":"2024-03-22T13:12:14Z","timestamp":1711113134000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/195159-efficacy-of-amblyopia-treatments-in-children-up-to-seven-years-old-a-systematic-review"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]]},"references-count":39,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.56705","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]]}}}