{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T16:03:53Z","timestamp":1771257833211,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.65144","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]],"date-time":"2024-07-23T01:59:20Z","timestamp":1721699960000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Navigating Opioid Alternatives in Spine Surgery: A Comprehensive Review"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Aishwarya S","family":"Borode","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dhawal","family":"Wadaskar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"Spinal opioids in anesthetic practice","author":"Champagne K","year":"2024","unstructured":"Champagne K, Fecek C, Goldstein S. Spinal opioids in anesthetic practice. Champagne K, Fecek C, Goldstein S (ed): StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL); 2024."},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Vision for the future: a public health approach","author":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (US)","year":"2016","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (US). Vision for the future: a public health approach. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (US) (ed): US Department of Health and Human Services, Washington (DC); 2016."},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Pain management and the intersection of pain and opioid use disorder. In: pain management and the opioid epidemic: balancing societal and individual benefits and risks of prescription opioid use","author":"National Academies of Sciences","year":"2017","unstructured":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Board on Health Sciences Policy; Committee on Pain Management and Regulatory Strategies to Address Prescription Opioid Abuse. Pain management and the intersection of pain and opioid use disorder. In: pain management and the opioid epidemic: balancing societal and individual benefits and risks of prescription opioid use. Phillips JK, Ford MA, Bonnie RJ (ed): National Academies Press (US), Washington (DC); 2017."},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"Opioid use disorder","author":"Dydyk AM","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dydyk AM, Jain NK, Gupta M. Opioid use disorder. Dydyk AM, Jain NK, Gupta M (ed): StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL); 2024."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-024-07167-w","article-title":"A study on the 10-year trend of surgeries performed for lumbar disc herniation and comparative analysis of prescribed opioid analgesics and hospitalization duration: 2010-2019 HIRA NPS Data","volume":"25","author":"Kim SY","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kim SY, Lim YC, Seo BK, Nam D, Ha IH, Lee YS, Lee YJ. A study on the 10-year trend of surgeries performed for lumbar disc herniation and comparative analysis of prescribed opioid analgesics and hospitalization duration: 2010-2019 HIRA NPS Data. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2024, 25:65. 10.1186\/s12891-024-07167-w","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.081","article-title":"Long-term opioid prescriptions after spine surgery: a meta-analysis of prevalence and risk factors","volume":"141","author":"Lo YT","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lo YT, Lim-Watson M, Seo Y, et al.. Long-term opioid prescriptions after spine surgery: a meta-analysis of prevalence and risk factors. World Neurosurg. 2020, 141:e894-920. 10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.081","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.06.060","article-title":"Variations in postoperative opioid prescription practices and impact on refill prescriptions following lumbar spine surgery","volume":"153","author":"Goyal A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Goyal A, Payne S, Sangaralingham LR, et al.. Variations in postoperative opioid prescription practices and impact on refill prescriptions following lumbar spine surgery. World Neurosurg. 2021, 153:e112-30. 10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.06.060","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jss-22-107","article-title":"The opioid crisis as it pertains to spine surgery","volume":"9","author":"Orosz LD","year":"2023","unstructured":"Orosz LD, Yamout T. The opioid crisis as it pertains to spine surgery. J Spine Surg. 2023, 9:9-12. 10.21037\/jss-22-107","journal-title":"J Spine Surg"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-076509","article-title":"Clinical and healthcare use outcomes after cessation of long term opioid treatment due to prescriber workforce exit: quasi-experimental difference-in-differences study","volume":"385","author":"Sabety AH","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sabety AH, Neprash HT, Gaye M, Barnett ML. Clinical and healthcare use outcomes after cessation of long term opioid treatment due to prescriber workforce exit: quasi-experimental difference-in-differences study. BMJ. 2024, 385:e076509. 10.1136\/bmj-2023-076509","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref10","unstructured":"Medications for opioid use disorder improve patient outcomes. (2020). Accessed. June 28, 2024: https:\/\/pew.org\/34ixgdT."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101558","article-title":"Long-term opioid use and mortality in patients with chronic non-cancer pain: ten-year follow-up study in South Korea from 2010 through 2019","volume":"51","author":"Song IA","year":"2022","unstructured":"Song IA, Choi HR, Oh TK. Long-term opioid use and mortality in patients with chronic non-cancer pain: ten-year follow-up study in South Korea from 2010 through 2019. EClinicalMedicine. 2022, 51:101558. 10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101558","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-50508-3","article-title":"Opioid use following cardio-thoracic intensive care: risk factors and outcomes: a cohort study","volume":"14","author":"von Oelreich E","year":"2024","unstructured":"von Oelreich E, Campoccia Jalde F, Rysz S, Eriksson J. Opioid use following cardio-thoracic intensive care: risk factors and outcomes: a cohort study. Sci Rep. 2024, 14:20. 10.1038\/s41598-023-50508-3","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.9041","article-title":"Patient-reported outcomes of treatment of opioid dependence with weekly and monthly subcutaneous depot vs daily sublingual buprenorphine: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"4","author":"Lintzeris N","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lintzeris N, Dunlop AJ, Haber PS, et al.. Patient-reported outcomes of treatment of opioid dependence with weekly and monthly subcutaneous depot vs daily sublingual buprenorphine: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2021, 4:e219041. 10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.9041","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"Alternatives for managing pain that aren\u2019t opioids. (2023). Accessed. June 28, 2024: https:\/\/www.beaumont.org\/health-wellness\/blogs\/alternatives-for-managing-pain-that-arent-opioids."},{"key":"ref15","unstructured":"Muscle relaxers. list of 17 prescription medications. (2023). Accessed: June 28, 2024: https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/muscle-relaxers."},{"key":"ref16","unstructured":"The best muscle relaxants for every type of pain. (2023). Accessed. June 28, 2024: https:\/\/www.buzzrx.com\/blog\/the-best-muscle-relaxants-for-every-type-of-pain."},{"key":"ref17","unstructured":"6 Things to Know About Muscle Relaxants. (2023). Accessed. June 28, 2024: https:\/\/www.spine-health.com\/blog\/6-things-know-about-muscle-relaxants."},{"key":"ref18","unstructured":"Effective muscle relaxers. relieve pain &amp; tension. (2023). Accessed: June 28, 2024: https:\/\/www.healthcentral.com\/condition\/back-pain\/muscle-relaxants-back-pain-neck-pain."},{"key":"ref19","unstructured":"Local anaesthesia. (2023). Accessed. June 28, 2024: https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/local-anaesthesia\/."},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"Local anesthesia. uses, types, and risks of local anesthesia. (2023). Accessed: June 28, 2024: https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/265689."},{"key":"ref21","unstructured":"Local and regional anesthesia. (2023). Accessed. February 3, 2024: https:\/\/emedicine.medscape.com\/article\/1831870-overview."},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"What to know about local anesthesia. (2023). Accessed. June 28, 2024: https:\/\/www.webmd.com\/a-to-z-guides\/what-to-know-about-local-anesthesia."},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Topical, local, and regional anesthesia and anesthetics","author":"Garmon EH","year":"2024","unstructured":"Garmon EH, Huecker MR. Topical, local, and regional anesthesia and anesthetics. Garmon EH, Huecker MR (ed): StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL); 2024."},{"key":"ref24","unstructured":"Corticosteroids. (2023). Accessed. June 28, 2024: https:\/\/my.clevelandclinic.org\/health\/drugs\/4812-corticosteroids."},{"key":"ref25","unstructured":"Using corticosteroids for pain control. (2023). Accessed. June 28, 2024: https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/using-corticosteroids-for-pain-control-2564537."},{"key":"ref26","unstructured":"Corticosteroids. uses, types, side effects and interactions. (2023). Accessed: June 28, 2024: https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/corticosteroids-what-are-they."},{"key":"ref27","unstructured":"Corticosteroids (glucocorticoids). types, risks, &amp; side effects | arthritis foundation. (2024). Accessed: February 3, 2024: https:\/\/www.arthritis.org\/drug-guide\/corticosteroids\/corticosteroids."},{"key":"ref28","unstructured":"Spine and back pain treatments without surgery. (2023). Accessed. June 28, 2024: https:\/\/www.lifespan.org\/lifespan-living\/spine-and-back-pain-treatments-without-surgery."},{"key":"ref29","unstructured":"Lumbar spine surgery alternatives. (2023). Accessed. June 28, 2024: https:\/\/www.spine-health.com\/treatment\/back-surgery\/lumbar-spine-surgery-alternatives."},{"key":"ref30","unstructured":"Non-surgical treatments for lower back pain. (2023). Accessed. June 28, 2024: https:\/\/www.spine-health.com\/conditions\/lower-back-pain\/non-surgical-treatments-lower-back-pain."},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.07.018","article-title":"Patient expectations and preferences in the spinal surgery clinic","volume":"106","author":"Tabibian BE","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tabibian BE, Kuhn EN, Davis MC, Pritchard PR. Patient expectations and preferences in the spinal surgery clinic. World Neurosurg. 2017, 106:595-601. 10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.07.018","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/neu.0000000000001981","article-title":"Fulfilling patient expectations after spine surgery is critical to patient satisfaction: a cohort study of spine surgery patients","volume":"91","author":"Rampersaud YR","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rampersaud YR, Canizares M, Perruccio AV, et al.. Fulfilling patient expectations after spine surgery is critical to patient satisfaction: a cohort study of spine surgery patients. Neurosurgery. 2022, 91:173-81. 10.1227\/neu.0000000000001981","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnx220","article-title":"Barriers to using nonpharmacologic approaches and reducing opioid use in primary care","volume":"19","author":"Giannitrapani KF","year":"2018","unstructured":"Giannitrapani KF, Ahluwalia SC, McCaa M, Pisciotta M, Dobscha S, Lorenz KA. Barriers to using nonpharmacologic approaches and reducing opioid use in primary care. Pain Med. 2018, 19:1357-64. 10.1093\/pm\/pnx220","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-016-0566-0","article-title":"Provider and patient perspectives on opioids and alternative treatments for managing chronic pain: a qualitative study","volume":"17","author":"Penney LS","year":"2017","unstructured":"Penney LS, Ritenbaugh C, DeBar LL, Elder C, Deyo RA. Provider and patient perspectives on opioids and alternative treatments for managing chronic pain: a qualitative study. BMC Fam Pract. 2017, 17:164. 10.1186\/s12875-016-0566-0","journal-title":"BMC Fam Pract"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.109-5522","article-title":"Electronic health records contributing to physician burnout","volume":"189","author":"Collier R","year":"2017","unstructured":"Collier R. Electronic health records contributing to physician burnout. CMAJ. 2017, 189:E1405-6. 10.1503\/cmaj.109-5522","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/joacp.JOACP_362_19","article-title":"Opioid sparing strategies for perioperative pain management other than regional anaesthesia: A narrative review","volume":"38","author":"Ghai B","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ghai B, Jafra A, Bhatia N, Chanana N, Bansal D, Mehta V. Opioid sparing strategies for perioperative pain management other than regional anaesthesia: A narrative review. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2022, 38:3-10. 10.4103\/joacp.JOACP_362_19","journal-title":"J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"Spinal cord stimulation","author":"Garcia K","year":"2024","unstructured":"Garcia K, Wray JK, Kumar S. Spinal cord stimulation. Garcia K, Wray JK, Kumar S (ed): StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL); 2024."},{"key":"ref38","unstructured":"Radiofrequency ablation for back pain. (2023). Accessed. February 25, 2024: https:\/\/www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org\/hometown-health\/speaking-of-health\/radiofrequency-ablation-pain-relief."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12134188","article-title":"Revolutionizing spinal care: current applications and future directions of artificial intelligence and machine learning","volume":"12","author":"Yagi M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yagi M, Yamanouchi K, Fujita N, Funao H, Ebata S. Revolutionizing spinal care: current applications and future directions of artificial intelligence and machine learning. J Clin Med. 2023, 12:10.3390\/jcm12134188","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref40","unstructured":"Innovation and personalized treatments in spine tumor surgery. pathology, biomarkers and genetics. (2024). Accessed: September 13, 2023: https:\/\/clinicalconnection.hopkinsmedicine.org\/videos\/innovation-and-personalized-treatments-in-spine-tumor-surgery-p...."},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12101545","article-title":"Cognitive processes during recovery: moving toward personalized spine surgery outcomes","volume":"12","author":"Schwartz CE","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schwartz CE, Rapkin BD, Borowiec K, Finkelstein JA. Cognitive processes during recovery: moving toward personalized spine surgery outcomes. J Pers Med. 2022, 12:10.3390\/jpm12101545","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JTN.0000000000000250","article-title":"Exploring opioid-sparing multimodal analgesia options in trauma: a nursing perspective","volume":"23","author":"Sullivan D","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sullivan D, Lyons M, Montgomery R, Quinlan-Colwell A. Exploring opioid-sparing multimodal analgesia options in trauma: a nursing perspective. J Trauma Nurs. 2016, 23:361-75. 10.1097\/JTN.0000000000000250","journal-title":"J Trauma Nurs"},{"key":"ref43","article-title":"The importance of cultural competence in pain and palliative care","author":"Givler A","year":"2024","unstructured":"Givler A, Bhatt H, Maani-Fogelman PA. The importance of cultural competence in pain and palliative care. Givler A, Bhatt H, Maani-Fogelman PA (ed): StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL); 2024."}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/273114-navigating-opioid-alternatives-in-spine-surgery-a-comprehensive-review","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]],"date-time":"2024-07-23T01:59:35Z","timestamp":1721699975000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/273114-navigating-opioid-alternatives-in-spine-surgery-a-comprehensive-review"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]},"references-count":43,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.65144","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]}}}