{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T20:49:16Z","timestamp":1790023756543,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.66533","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T20:16:52Z","timestamp":1723234612000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Prevalence of Electronic Cigarette Use Among Female Residents of Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Amnah A","family":"Alhuwayji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abduallah M","family":"Alhamam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Alramdan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahma","family":"Algadeeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2024.25.1.109","article-title":"The impact of cigarette smoking, water-pipe use on hearing loss\/hearing impairment: a cross-sectional study","volume":"25","author":"Bener A","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bener A, Erdogan A, Griffiths MD. The impact of cigarette smoking, water-pipe use on hearing loss\/hearing impairment: a cross-sectional study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2024, 25:109-14. 10.31557\/APJCP.2024.25.1.109","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2019.9.24477","article-title":"A systematic review of the prevalence and risk factors of smoking among Saudi adolescents","volume":"40","author":"Alasqah I","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alasqah I, Mahmud I, East L, Usher K. A systematic review of the prevalence and risk factors of smoking among Saudi adolescents. Saudi Med J. 2019, 40:867-78. 10.15537\/smj.2019.9.24477","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08870446.2017.1325890","article-title":"Tobacco smoking: Health impact, prevalence, correlates and interventions","volume":"32","author":"West R","year":"2017","unstructured":"West R. Tobacco smoking: Health impact, prevalence, correlates and interventions. Psychol Health. 2017, 32:1018-36. 10.1080\/08870446.2017.1325890","journal-title":"Psychol Health"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2022.07.009","article-title":"Electronic cigarettes: a pro-con review of the current literature","volume":"10","author":"Giovacchini CX","year":"2022","unstructured":"Giovacchini CX, Crotty Alexander LE, Que LG. Electronic cigarettes: a pro-con review of the current literature. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2022, 10:2843-51. 10.1016\/j.jaip.2022.07.009","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2014.05.003","article-title":"Disruptive innovations: the rise of the electronic cigarette","volume":"25","author":"Stimson GV","year":"2014","unstructured":"Stimson GV, Thom B, Costall P. Disruptive innovations: the rise of the electronic cigarette. Int J Drug Policy. 2014, 25:653-5. 10.1016\/j.drugpo.2014.05.003","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd-20-2529","article-title":"Are electronic cigarettes and vaping effective tools for smoking cessation? Limited evidence on surgical outcomes: a narrative review","volume":"13","author":"Famiglietti A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Famiglietti A, Memoli JW, Khaitan PG. Are electronic cigarettes and vaping effective tools for smoking cessation? Limited evidence on surgical outcomes: a narrative review. J Thorac Dis. 2021, 13:384-95. 10.21037\/jtd-20-2529","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.43425","article-title":"Electronic nicotine delivery system: end to smoking or just a new fancy cigarette","volume":"15","author":"Kotewar SS","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kotewar SS, Pakhale A, Tiwari R, Reche A, Singi SR. Electronic nicotine delivery system: end to smoking or just a new fancy cigarette. Cureus. 2023, 15:e43425. 10.7759\/cureus.43425","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2013-051476","article-title":"Electronic cigarettes: product characterisation and design considerations","volume":"23 Suppl 2","author":"Brown CJ","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brown CJ, Cheng JM. Electronic cigarettes: product characterisation and design considerations. Tob Control. 2014, 23 Suppl 2:ii4-10. 10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2013-051476","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1753465817744960","article-title":"Electronic cigarettes: an aid in smoking cessation, or a new health hazard?","volume":"12","author":"Farsalinos K","year":"2018","unstructured":"Farsalinos K. Electronic cigarettes: an aid in smoking cessation, or a new health hazard?. Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2018, 12:1753465817744960. 10.1177\/1753465817744960","journal-title":"Ther Adv Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106099","article-title":"Tobacco harm reduction: past history, current controversies and a proposed approach for the future","volume":"140","author":"Hatsukami DK","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hatsukami DK, Carroll DM. Tobacco harm reduction: past history, current controversies and a proposed approach for the future. Prev Med. 2020, 140:106099. 10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106099","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2017.09.008","article-title":"Assessing modified risk tobacco and nicotine products: description of the scientific framework and assessment of a closed modular electronic cigarette","volume":"90","author":"Murphy J","year":"2017","unstructured":"Murphy J, Gaca M, Lowe F, et al.. Assessing modified risk tobacco and nicotine products: description of the scientific framework and assessment of a closed modular electronic cigarette. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2017, 90:342-57. 10.1016\/j.yrtph.2017.09.008","journal-title":"Regul Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10937404.2022.2124563","article-title":"Pulmonary effects of e-liquid flavors: a systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Effah F","year":"2022","unstructured":"Effah F, Taiwo B, Baines D, Bailey A, Marczylo T. Pulmonary effects of e-liquid flavors: a systematic review. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev. 2022, 25:343-71. 10.1080\/10937404.2022.2124563","journal-title":"J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010216.pub7","article-title":"Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation","volume":"11","author":"Hartmann-Boyce J","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hartmann-Boyce J, Lindson N, Butler AR, et al.. Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022, 11:CD010216. 10.1002\/14651858.CD010216.pub7","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010216.pub8","article-title":"Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation","volume":"1","author":"Lindson N","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lindson N, Butler AR, McRobbie H, et al.. Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024, 1:CD010216. 10.1002\/14651858.CD010216.pub8","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.4c00033","article-title":"Examining the oxidation states of metals in aerosols emitted by electronic cigarettes","volume":"37","author":"Kapiamba KF","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kapiamba KF, Owusu SY, Wu Y, Huang YW, Jiang Y, Wang Y. Examining the oxidation states of metals in aerosols emitted by electronic cigarettes. Chem Res Toxicol. 2024, 37:1113-20. 10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.4c00033","journal-title":"Chem Res Toxicol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18332\/tid\/188197","article-title":"Challenges in current inhalable tobacco toxicity assessment models: a narrative review","volume":"22","author":"Muthumalage T","year":"2024","unstructured":"Muthumalage T, Noel A, Thanavala Y, Alcheva A, Rahman I. Challenges in current inhalable tobacco toxicity assessment models: a narrative review. Tob Induc Dis. 2024, 22:10.18332\/tid\/188197","journal-title":"Tob Induc Dis"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000896","article-title":"Vaping in adolescents: epidemiology and respiratory harm","volume":"32","author":"Hamberger ES","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hamberger ES, Halpern-Felsher B. Vaping in adolescents: epidemiology and respiratory harm. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2020, 32:378-83. 10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000896","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20010143","article-title":"E-cigarette use among male smokers in Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study","volume":"20","author":"Al Rajeh AM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Al Rajeh AM, Mahmud I, Al Imam MH, et al.. E-cigarette use among male smokers in Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022, 20:143. 10.3390\/ijerph20010143","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2022.102089","article-title":"E-cigarettes in the Middle East: the known, unknown, and what needs to be known next","volume":"31","author":"Al-Hamdani M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Al-Hamdani M, Brett Hopkins D. E-cigarettes in the Middle East: the known, unknown, and what needs to be known next. Prev Med Rep. 2023, 31:102089. 10.1016\/j.pmedr.2022.102089","journal-title":"Prev Med Rep"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2021-056544","article-title":"Evolution of tobacco products: recent history and future directions","volume":"31","author":"O'Connor R","year":"2022","unstructured":"O'Connor R, Schneller LM, Felicione NJ, Talhout R, Goniewicz ML, Ashley DL. Evolution of tobacco products: recent history and future directions. Tob Control. 2022, 31:175-82. 10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2021-056544","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18332\/tid\/116412","article-title":"Age-varying associations between e-cigarette use and peer use, household use, and exposure to e-cigarette commercials among alternative high school students in Southern California","volume":"18","author":"Etim N","year":"2020","unstructured":"Etim N, Pike J, Xie B. Age-varying associations between e-cigarette use and peer use, household use, and exposure to e-cigarette commercials among alternative high school students in Southern California. Tob Induc Dis. 2020, 18:7. 10.18332\/tid\/116412","journal-title":"Tob Induc Dis"},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"Characteristics of young adults aged 18-24 who had ever used an electronic nicotine product. (2021). Accessed. July 30, 2024: https:\/\/meps.ahrq.gov\/data_files\/publications\/st554\/stat554.pdf."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2022.101925","article-title":"E-cigarette use among high school students in the United States prior to the COVID-19 pandemic: trends, correlates, and sources of acquisition","volume":"29","author":"Mirbolouk M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mirbolouk M, Boakye E, Obisesan O, et al.. E-cigarette use among high school students in the United States prior to the COVID-19 pandemic: trends, correlates, and sources of acquisition. Prev Med Rep. 2022, 29:101925. 10.1016\/j.pmedr.2022.101925","journal-title":"Prev Med Rep"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.11.003","article-title":"Comparison of beliefs about e-cigarettes' harms and benefits among never users and ever users of e-cigarettes","volume":"158","author":"Tan AS","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tan AS, Lee CJ, Bigman CA. Comparison of beliefs about e-cigarettes' harms and benefits among never users and ever users of e-cigarettes. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2016, 158:67-75. 10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.11.003","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20053883","article-title":"Prevalence and associated factors of e-cigarette use among adolescents in Southeast Asia: a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Jane Ling MY","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jane Ling MY, Abdul Halim AF, Ahmad D, Ahmad N, Safian N, Mohammed Nawi A. Prevalence and associated factors of e-cigarette use among adolescents in Southeast Asia: a systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023, 20:3883. 10.3390\/ijerph20053883","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40429-020-00340-w","article-title":"Electronic cigarette use among youth: understanding unique risks in a vulnerable population","volume":"7","author":"Trucco EM","year":"2020","unstructured":"Trucco EM, Fallah-Sohy N, Hartmann SA, Cristello JV. Electronic cigarette use among youth: understanding unique risks in a vulnerable population. Curr Addict Rep. 2020, 7:497-508. 10.1007\/s40429-020-00340-w","journal-title":"Curr Addict Rep"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18332\/tid\/116988","article-title":"Harmful chemicals emitted from electronic cigarettes and potential deleterious effects in the oral cavity","volume":"18","author":"Ebersole J","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ebersole J, Samburova V, Son Y, et al.. Harmful chemicals emitted from electronic cigarettes and potential deleterious effects in the oral cavity. Tob Induc Dis. 2020, 18:41. 10.18332\/tid\/116988","journal-title":"Tob Induc Dis"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.711573","article-title":"Effects of e-cigarette exposure on prenatal life and childhood respiratory health: a review of current evidence","volume":"9","author":"Mescolo F","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mescolo F, Ferrante G, La Grutta S. Effects of e-cigarette exposure on prenatal life and childhood respiratory health: a review of current evidence. Front Pediatr. 2021, 9:711573. 10.3389\/fped.2021.711573","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-21-0140","article-title":"Biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress among adult former smoker, current e-cigarette users-results from Wave 1 PATH study","volume":"30","author":"Christensen CH","year":"2021","unstructured":"Christensen CH, Chang JT, Rostron BL, et al.. Biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress among adult former smoker, current e-cigarette users-results from Wave 1 PATH study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2021, 30:1947-55. 10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-21-0140","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.25731","article-title":"Prevalence of electronic cigarette use in Saudi Arabia","volume":"14","author":"Althobaiti NK","year":"2022","unstructured":"Althobaiti NK, Mahfouz ME. Prevalence of electronic cigarette use in Saudi Arabia. Cureus. 2022, 14:e25731. 10.7759\/cureus.25731","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.827089","article-title":"Prevalence, knowledge and attitude toward electronic cigarette use among male health colleges students in Saudi Arabia-a cross-sectional study","volume":"10","author":"Alsanea S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alsanea S, Alrabiah Z, Samreen S, et al.. Prevalence, knowledge and attitude toward electronic cigarette use among male health colleges students in Saudi Arabia-a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health. 2022, 10:827089. 10.3389\/fpubh.2022.827089","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.40885","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants influencing the use of electronic cigarette smoking in male students of Taif University","volume":"15","author":"Albgami MH","year":"2023","unstructured":"Albgami MH, Alzahrani AS, Alghamdi AM, Alamri NS, Alghamdi AH, Alsuwat RA. Prevalence and determinants influencing the use of electronic cigarette smoking in male students of Taif University. Cureus. 2023, 15:e40885. 10.7759\/cureus.40885","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.54905\/disssi\/v26i126\/ms330e2391","article-title":"Prevalence of electronic and tobacco cigarette smoking among health sciences students in Saudi Arabia","volume":"26","author":"Al-Regaiey K","year":"2022","unstructured":"Al-Regaiey K, Meo S, Alobrah M, et al.. Prevalence of electronic and tobacco cigarette smoking among health sciences students in Saudi Arabia. Med Sci. 2022, 26:1-9. 10.54905\/disssi\/v26i126\/ms330e2391","journal-title":"Med Sci"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jomfp.JOMFP_141_19","article-title":"Impact of electronic cigarette smoking on the Saudi population through the analysis of literature: a systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Khanagar SB","year":"2019","unstructured":"Khanagar SB, Siddeeqh S, Khinda V, Khinda P, Divakar DD, Jhugroo C. Impact of electronic cigarette smoking on the Saudi population through the analysis of literature: a systematic review. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2019, 23:473. 10.4103\/jomfp.JOMFP_141_19","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Pathol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-040617-013757","article-title":"E-cigarettes: use, effects on smoking, risks, and policy implications","volume":"39","author":"Glantz SA","year":"2018","unstructured":"Glantz SA, Bareham DW. E-cigarettes: use, effects on smoking, risks, and policy implications. Annu Rev Public Health. 2018, 39:215-35. 10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-040617-013757","journal-title":"Annu Rev Public Health"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-080881","article-title":"Exploring the prevalence, knowledge, attitudes and influencing factors of e-cigarette use among university students in Palestine: a cross-sectional study","volume":"14","author":"Nazzal Z","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nazzal Z, Maraqa B, Azizeh R, Darawsha B, AbuAlrub I, Hmeidat M, Al-Jabari F. Exploring the prevalence, knowledge, attitudes and influencing factors of e-cigarette use among university students in Palestine: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2024, 14:e080881. 10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-080881","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0285187","article-title":"Saudi women's leadership experiences in the healthcare sector: a qualitative study","volume":"18","author":"Al Mutair A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Al Mutair A, Al-Ghuraibi M, Alabbasi Y, Alguthaib F, Woodman A, Elgamri A. Saudi women's leadership experiences in the healthcare sector: a qualitative study. PLoS One. 2023, 18:e0285187. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0285187","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2016.1138478","article-title":"Social influences on use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and hookah by college students","volume":"64","author":"Noland M","year":"2016","unstructured":"Noland M, Ickes MJ, Rayens MK, Butler K, Wiggins AT, Hahn EJ. Social influences on use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and hookah by college students. J Am Coll Health. 2016, 64:319-28. 10.1080\/07448481.2016.1138478","journal-title":"J Am Coll Health"},{"key":"ref39","unstructured":"Saudi Census 2022. (2022). Accessed. July 30, 2024: https:\/\/portal.saudicensus.sa\/portal."},{"key":"ref40","unstructured":"\u200bSaudi Positional Statement on Electronic Nicotine Delivery System Management\u200b (ENDS). (2023). Accessed. July 30, 2024: https:\/\/www.moh.gov.sa\/en\/HealthAwareness\/EducationalContent\/Anti-Smoking\/Documents\/ENDS-2023.pdf."},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_235_20","article-title":"Prevalence and perceptions of e-cigarette use among medical students in a Saudi University","volume":"9","author":"Habib E","year":"2020","unstructured":"Habib E, Helaly M, Elshaer A, Sriwi D, Ahmad MS, Mohamed MI, Obeidat A. Prevalence and perceptions of e-cigarette use among medical students in a Saudi University. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020, 9:3070-5. 10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_235_20","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14551","article-title":"Vaping characteristics and expectancies are associated with smoking cessation propensity among dual users of combustible and electronic cigarettes","volume":"114","author":"Brandon KO","year":"2019","unstructured":"Brandon KO, Simmons VN, Meltzer LR, et al.. Vaping characteristics and expectancies are associated with smoking cessation propensity among dual users of combustible and electronic cigarettes. Addiction. 2019, 114:896-906. 10.1111\/add.14551","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/atm.ATM_76_18","article-title":"Electronic cigarette among health science students in Saudi Arabia","volume":"14","author":"Qanash S","year":"2019","unstructured":"Qanash S, Alemam S, Mahdi E, Softah J, Touman AA, Alsulami A. Electronic cigarette among health science students in Saudi Arabia. Ann Thorac Med. 2019, 14:56-62. 10.4103\/atm.ATM_76_18","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Med"},{"key":"ref44","article-title":"Comparison and prevalence of smoking among Saudi females from different Departments of the College of Applied Medical Sciences in Dammam","volume":"11","author":"Ansari K","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ansari K, Farooqi FA. Comparison and prevalence of smoking among Saudi females from different Departments of the College of Applied Medical Sciences in Dammam. Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2017, 11:56-62.","journal-title":"Int J Health Sci (Qassim)"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jora.12606","article-title":"Toward understanding the functions of peer influence: a summary and synthesis of recent empirical research","volume":"31","author":"Laursen B","year":"2021","unstructured":"Laursen B, Veenstra R. Toward understanding the functions of peer influence: a summary and synthesis of recent empirical research. J Res Adolesc. 2021, 31:889-907. 10.1111\/jora.12606","journal-title":"J Res Adolesc"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18332\/tid\/84864","article-title":"Smoking by family members and friends and electronic-cigarette use in adolescence: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Wang JW","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang JW, Cao SS, Hu RY. Smoking by family members and friends and electronic-cigarette use in adolescence: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Tob Induc Dis. 2018, 16:05. 10.18332\/tid\/84864","journal-title":"Tob Induc Dis"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13010120","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and electronic cigarettes use: a meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Wang M","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang M, Wang JW, Cao SS, Wang HQ, Hu RY. Cigarette smoking and electronic cigarettes use: a meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016, 13:120. 10.3390\/ijerph13010120","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18001\/TRS.3.1.9","article-title":"Youth-targeted e-cigarette marketing in the US","volume":"3","author":"Padon AA","year":"2017","unstructured":"Padon AA, Maloney EK, Cappella JN. Youth-targeted e-cigarette marketing in the US. Tob Regul Sci. 2017, 3:95-101. 10.18001\/TRS.3.1.9","journal-title":"Tob Regul Sci"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19159263","article-title":"A systematic review of e-cigarette marketing communication: messages, communication channels, and strategies","volume":"19","author":"Lyu JC","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lyu JC, Huang P, Jiang N, Ling PM. A systematic review of e-cigarette marketing communication: messages, communication channels, and strategies. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022, 19:9263. 10.3390\/ijerph19159263","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2019.11.006","article-title":"A qualitative study of e-cigarette emergence and the potential for renormalisation of smoking in UK youth","volume":"75","author":"Brown R","year":"2020","unstructured":"Brown R, Bauld L, de Lacy E, et al.. A qualitative study of e-cigarette emergence and the potential for renormalisation of smoking in UK youth. Int J Drug Policy. 2020, 75:102598. 10.1016\/j.drugpo.2019.11.006","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.47983","article-title":"An analysis of public perception and concern toward electronic cigarettes: exploring attitudes and profiles","volume":"15","author":"Jiang L","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jiang L, Wei S, Sam Saji A, Li J, Che G. An analysis of public perception and concern toward electronic cigarettes: exploring attitudes and profiles. Cureus. 2023, 15:e47983. 10.7759\/cureus.47983","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-021-01737-5","article-title":"An updated overview of e-cigarette impact on human health","volume":"22","author":"Marques P","year":"2021","unstructured":"Marques P, Piqueras L, Sanz MJ. An updated overview of e-cigarette impact on human health. Respir Res. 2021, 22:151. 10.1186\/s12931-021-01737-5","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.38202","article-title":"Misconceptions of vaping among young adults","volume":"15","author":"Golan R","year":"2023","unstructured":"Golan R, Muthigi A, Ghomeshi A, White J, Saltzman RG, Diaz P, Ramasamy R. Misconceptions of vaping among young adults. Cureus. 2023, 15:e38202. 10.7759\/cureus.38202","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1463423618000439","article-title":"Smokers' knowledge and perception of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes): a qualitative study of non-quitting smokers in a North London general practice","volume":"20","author":"Vasconcelos V","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vasconcelos V, Gilbert H. Smokers' knowledge and perception of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes): a qualitative study of non-quitting smokers in a North London general practice. Prim Health Care Res Dev. 2018, 20:e38. 10.1017\/S1463423618000439","journal-title":"Prim Health Care Res Dev"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-10945-z","article-title":"Characterizing symptoms of e-cigarette dependence: a qualitative study of young adults","volume":"21","author":"Simpson KA","year":"2021","unstructured":"Simpson KA, Kechter A, Schiff SJ, et al.. Characterizing symptoms of e-cigarette dependence: a qualitative study of young adults. BMC Public Health. 2021, 21:959. 10.1186\/s12889-021-10945-z","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/41669","article-title":"Addictive potential of e-cigarettes as reported in e-cigarette online forums: netnographic analysis of subjective experiences","volume":"25","author":"Szafran D","year":"2023","unstructured":"Szafran D, G\u00f6rig T, Vollst\u00e4dt-Klein S, et al.. Addictive potential of e-cigarettes as reported in e-cigarette online forums: netnographic analysis of subjective experiences. J Med Internet Res. 2023, 25:e41669. 10.2196\/41669","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd19.210332","article-title":"Effects of a national campaign on youth beliefs and perceptions about electronic cigarettes and smoking","volume":"19","author":"MacMonegle AJ","year":"2022","unstructured":"MacMonegle AJ, Smith AA, Duke J, et al.. Effects of a national campaign on youth beliefs and perceptions about electronic cigarettes and smoking. Prev Chronic Dis. 2022, 19:E16. 10.5888\/pcd19.210332","journal-title":"Prev Chronic Dis"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.51644","article-title":"Exploring the rise of e-cigarette use among male adolescents in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia: prevalence, patterns, and influencing factors","volume":"16","author":"Alabdulqader M","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alabdulqader M, Almulhim MA, Alquraini M, et al.. Exploring the rise of e-cigarette use among male adolescents in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia: prevalence, patterns, and influencing factors. Cureus. 2024, 16:e51644. 10.7759\/cureus.51644","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2022.101204","article-title":"School-based programs to prevent adolescent e-cigarette use: a report card","volume":"52","author":"Liu J","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu J, Gaiha SM, Halpern-Felsher B. School-based programs to prevent adolescent e-cigarette use: a report card. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care. 2022, 52:101204. 10.1016\/j.cppeds.2022.101204","journal-title":"Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191811512","article-title":"Determinants of e-cigarette and cigarette use among youth and young adults in Poland-PolNicoYouth study","volume":"19","author":"W\u0119\u017cyk-Caba I","year":"2022","unstructured":"W\u0119\u017cyk-Caba I, Znyk M, Zajdel R, et al.. Determinants of e-cigarette and cigarette use among youth and young adults in Poland-PolNicoYouth study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022, 19:11512. 10.3390\/ijerph191811512","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/279582-prevalence-of-electronic-cigarette-use-among-female-residents-of-al-ahsa-kingdom-of-saudi-arabia-a-cross-sectional-study","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T20:16:57Z","timestamp":1723234617000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/279582-prevalence-of-electronic-cigarette-use-among-female-residents-of-al-ahsa-kingdom-of-saudi-arabia-a-cross-sectional-study"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]]},"references-count":60,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.66533","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]]}}}