{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T12:29:57Z","timestamp":1779366597833,"version":"3.53.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.68606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T08:47:21Z","timestamp":1725439641000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Serum Interleukin-6 as an Early Indicator of Trauma Complications"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Aparna","family":"Laishram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Ruram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhaskar","family":"Borgohain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanchana","family":"Laishram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Road Accidents in India - 2022. (2022). Accessed. October 30, 2022: https:\/\/morth.nic.in\/sites\/default\/files\/RA_2022_30_Oct.pdf."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-020-05805-7","article-title":"An analysis of 30-day in hospital trauma mortality in four urban university hospitals using the Australia India trauma registry","volume":"45","author":"Bhandarkar P","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bhandarkar P, Patil P, Soni KD, et al.. An analysis of 30-day in hospital trauma mortality in four urban university hospitals using the Australia India trauma registry. World J Surg. 2021, 45:380-9. 10.1007\/s00268-020-05805-7","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-017-0880-9","article-title":"Using IL-6 concentrations in the first 24\u00a0h following trauma to predict immunological complications and mortality in trauma patients: a meta-analysis","volume":"44","author":"Qiao Z","year":"2018","unstructured":"Qiao Z, Wang W, Yin L, Luo P, Greven J, Horst K, Hildebrand F. Using IL-6 concentrations in the first 24\u00a0h following trauma to predict immunological complications and mortality in trauma patients: a meta-analysis. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2018, 44:679-87. 10.1007\/s00068-017-0880-9","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.11361","article-title":"Multiple organ dysfunction after trauma","volume":"107","author":"Cole E","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cole E, Gillespie S, Vulliamy P, Brohi K. Multiple organ dysfunction after trauma. Br J Surg. 2020, 107:402-12. 10.1002\/bjs.11361","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.678156","article-title":"Impact of sex differences on mortality in patients with sepsis after trauma: a nationwide cohort study","volume":"12","author":"Kondo Y","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kondo Y, Miyazato A, Okamoto K, Tanaka H. Impact of sex differences on mortality in patients with sepsis after trauma: a nationwide cohort study. Front Immunol. 2021, 12:678156. 10.3389\/fimmu.2021.678156","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000004451","article-title":"Trends, cost and mortality from sepsis after trauma in the United States: an evaluation of the national inpatient sample of hospitalizations, 2012-2016","volume":"48","author":"Eguia E","year":"2020","unstructured":"Eguia E, Bunn C, Kulshrestha S, et al.. Trends, cost and mortality from sepsis after trauma in the United States: an evaluation of the national inpatient sample of hospitalizations, 2012-2016. Crit Care Med. 2020, 48:1296-303. 10.1097\/CCM.0000000000004451","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000064450.02273.9B","article-title":"Continuous pulse oximeter monitoring for inapparent hypoxemia after long bone fractures","volume":"56","author":"Wong MW","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wong MW, Tsui HF, Yung SH, Chan KM, Cheng JC. Continuous pulse oximeter monitoring for inapparent hypoxemia after long bone fractures. J Trauma. 2004, 56:356-62. 10.1097\/01.TA.0000064450.02273.9B","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20190347","article-title":"Historical overview of the interleukin-6 family cytokine","volume":"217","author":"Kang S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kang S, Narazaki M, Metwally H, Kishimoto T. Historical overview of the interleukin-6 family cytokine. J Exp Med. 2020, 217:11-10. 10.1084\/jem.20190347","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01424","article-title":"Structural understanding of interleukin 6 family cytokine signaling and targeted therapies: focus on interleukin 11","volume":"11","author":"Metcalfe RD","year":"2020","unstructured":"Metcalfe RD, Putoczki TL, Griffin MD. Structural understanding of interleukin 6 family cytokine signaling and targeted therapies: focus on interleukin 11. Front Immunol. 2020, 11:1424. 10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01424","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-022-00538-4","article-title":"Interleukin 6 as an energy allocator in muscle tissue","volume":"4","author":"Kistner TM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kistner TM, Pedersen BK, Lieberman DE. Interleukin 6 as an energy allocator in muscle tissue. Nat Metab. 2022, 4:170-9. 10.1038\/s42255-022-00538-4","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066610384188","article-title":"Interleukin-6 in surgery, trauma, and critical care part II: clinical implications","volume":"26","author":"Jawa RS","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jawa RS, Anillo S, Huntoon K, Baumann H, Kulaylat M. Interleukin-6 in surgery, trauma, and critical care part II: clinical implications. J Intensive Care Med. 2011, 26:73-87. 10.1177\/0885066610384188","journal-title":"J Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.1998.00770.x","article-title":"Stimulation of inflammatory markers after blunt trauma","volume":"85","author":"Giannoudis PV","year":"1998","unstructured":"Giannoudis PV, Smith RM, Banks RE, Windsor AC, Dickson RA, Guillou PJ. Stimulation of inflammatory markers after blunt trauma. Br J Surg. 1998, 85:986-90. 10.1046\/j.1365-2168.1998.00770.x","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.135.3.291","article-title":"Is interleukin 6 an early marker of injury severity following major trauma in humans?","volume":"135","author":"Gebhard F","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gebhard F, Pfetsch H, Steinbach G, Strecker W, Kinzl L, Br\u00fcckner UB. Is interleukin 6 an early marker of injury severity following major trauma in humans?. Arch Surg. 2000, 135:291-5. 10.1001\/archsurg.135.3.291","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Serum IL-6 and CRP levels in patients with trauma involving low-extremity bone fractures","volume":"18","author":"Karakaya C","year":"2013","unstructured":"Karakaya C, Noyan T, Ekin S, Babayev E. Serum IL-6 and CRP levels in patients with trauma involving low-extremity bone fractures. East J Med. 2013, 18:176-80.","journal-title":"East J Med"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI18921","article-title":"C-reactive protein: a critical update","volume":"111","author":"Pepys MB","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pepys MB, Hirschfield GM. C-reactive protein: a critical update. J Clin Invest. 2003, 111:1805-12. 10.1172\/JCI18921","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890009011772","article-title":"Function of C-reactive protein","volume":"32","author":"Clos TWD","year":"2000","unstructured":"Clos TWD. Function of C-reactive protein. Ann Med. 2000, 32:274-8. 10.3109\/07853890009011772","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2010.04.012","article-title":"Validating the Injury Severity Score (ISS) in different populations: ISS predicts mortality better among Hispanics and females","volume":"166","author":"Bolorunduro OB","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bolorunduro OB, Villegas C, Oyetunji TA, et al.. Validating the Injury Severity Score (ISS) in different populations: ISS predicts mortality better among Hispanics and females. J Surg Res. 2011, 166:40-4. 10.1016\/j.jss.2010.04.012","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"","author":"Loscalzo J","year":"2022","unstructured":"Loscalzo J, Fauci A, Kasper D, Hauser S, Longo D, Jameson JL. Harrison\u2019s Principles of Internal Medicine. McGraw-Hill, New York, NY; 2022. https:\/\/accessmedicine.mhmedical.com\/content.aspx?."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0b013e31818ba4c6","article-title":"Validation of postinjury multiple organ failure scores","volume":"31","author":"Sauaia A","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sauaia A, Moore EE, Johnson JL, Ciesla DJ, Biffl WL, Banerjee A. Validation of postinjury multiple organ failure scores. Shock. 2009, 31:438-47. 10.1097\/SHK.0b013e31818ba4c6","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43465-024-01195-3","article-title":"Serum IL-6 as a surrogate biomarker of post-operative complications in invasive orthopaedic surgeries: a prospective observational study","volume":"58","author":"Laishram K","year":"2024","unstructured":"Laishram K, Borgohain B, Laishram A, Khonglah TG, Ruram AA, Debbarma S. Serum IL-6 as a surrogate biomarker of post-operative complications in invasive orthopaedic surgeries: a prospective observational study. Indian J Orthop. 2024, 58:1153-8. 10.1007\/s43465-024-01195-3","journal-title":"Indian J Orthop"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-013-2261-2","article-title":"Cytokine levels (IL-4, IL-6, IL-8 and TGF\u03b2) as potential biomarkers of systemic inflammatory response in trauma patients","volume":"38","author":"Volpin G","year":"2014","unstructured":"Volpin G, Cohen M, Assaf M, Meir T, Katz R, Pollack S. Cytokine levels (IL-4, IL-6, IL-8 and TGF\u03b2) as potential biomarkers of systemic inflammatory response in trauma patients. Int Orthop. 2014, 38:1303-9. 10.1007\/s00264-013-2261-2","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JMDH.S422359","article-title":"The contribution of procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 in the diagnosis and prognosis of surgical sepsis: an observational and statistical study","volume":"16","author":"Tocu G","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tocu G, Mihailov R, Serban C, Stefanescu BI, Tutunaru D, Firescu D. The contribution of procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 in the diagnosis and prognosis of surgical sepsis: an observational and statistical study. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2023, 16:2351-9. 10.2147\/JMDH.S422359","journal-title":"J Multidiscip Healthc"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13017-016-0063-8","article-title":"Association between increased blood interleukin-6 levels on emergency department arrival and prolonged length of intensive care unit stay for blunt trauma","volume":"11","author":"Taniguchi M","year":"2016","unstructured":"Taniguchi M, Nakada TA, Shinozaki K, Mizushima Y, Matsuoka T. Association between increased blood interleukin-6 levels on emergency department arrival and prolonged length of intensive care unit stay for blunt trauma. World J Emerg Surg. 2016, 11:6. 10.1186\/s13017-016-0063-8","journal-title":"World J Emerg Surg"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12873-015-0048-z","article-title":"Serum interleukin-6 level as an early marker of injury severity in trauma patients in an urban low-income setting: a cross-sectional study","volume":"15","author":"Okeny PK","year":"2015","unstructured":"Okeny PK, Ongom P, Kituuka O. Serum interleukin-6 level as an early marker of injury severity in trauma patients in an urban low-income setting: a cross-sectional study. BMC Emerg Med. 2015, 15:22. 10.1186\/s12873-015-0048-z","journal-title":"BMC Emerg Med"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.868348","article-title":"Systemic inflammation evaluated by interleukin-6 or C-reactive protein in critically ill patients: results from the frog-ICU study","volume":"13","author":"Picod A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Picod A, Morisson L, de Roquetaillade C, et al.. Systemic inflammation evaluated by interleukin-6 or C-reactive protein in critically ill patients: results from the frog-ICU study. Front Immunol. 2022, 13:868348. 10.3389\/fimmu.2022.868348","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-013-2869-y","article-title":"Role of interleukin-6 as an early marker of fat embolism syndrome: a clinical study","volume":"471","author":"Prakash S","year":"2013","unstructured":"Prakash S, Sen RK, Tripathy SK, Sen IM, Sharma RR, Sharma S. Role of interleukin-6 as an early marker of fat embolism syndrome: a clinical study. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2013, 471:2340-6. 10.1007\/s11999-013-2869-y","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/287081-serum-interleukin-6-as-an-early-indicator-of-trauma-complications","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T08:47:27Z","timestamp":1725439647000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/287081-serum-interleukin-6-as-an-early-indicator-of-trauma-complications"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]]},"references-count":26,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.68606","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]]}}}