{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T11:31:40Z","timestamp":1785756700480,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.69454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]],"date-time":"2024-09-15T14:48:17Z","timestamp":1726411697000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Augmented Reality as an Aid to Behavior Therapy for Anxiety Disorders: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Ravi P","family":"Rajkumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00395-3","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of 12 mental disorders in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"9","year":"2022","unstructured":"Global, regional, and national burden of 12 mental disorders in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019. a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Psychiatry. 2022, 9:137-50. 10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00395-3","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/49609","article-title":"Global Trends in the Incidence of Anxiety Disorders From 1990 to 2019: Joinpoint and Age-Period-Cohort Analysis Study","volume":"10","author":"Cao H","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cao H, Wu Y, Yin H, Sun Y, Yuan H, Tao M. Global Trends in the Incidence of Anxiety Disorders From 1990 to 2019: Joinpoint and Age-Period-Cohort Analysis Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2024, 10:e49609. 10.2196\/49609","journal-title":"JMIR Public Health Surveill"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.105017","article-title":"An ethologically based view into human fear","volume":"145","author":"Coelho CM","year":"2023","unstructured":"Coelho CM, Ara\u00fajo AS, Suttiwan P, Zsido AN. An ethologically based view into human fear. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2023, 145:105017. 10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.105017","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2017.19.2\/dstein","article-title":"Epidemiology of anxiety disorders: from surveys to nosology and back","volume":"19","author":"Stein DJ","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stein DJ, Scott KM, de Jonge P, Kessler RC. Epidemiology of anxiety disorders: from surveys to nosology and back. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2017, 19:127-36. 10.31887\/DCNS.2017.19.2\/dstein","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S2045796021000275","article-title":"Global, regional and national burden of anxiety disorders from 1990 to 2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"30","author":"Yang X","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang X, Fang Y, Chen H, et al.. Global, regional and national burden of anxiety disorders from 1990 to 2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2021, 30:e36. 10.1017\/S2045796021000275","journal-title":"Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.10106","article-title":"Chronicity, relapse, and illness--course of panic disorder, social phobia, and generalized anxiety disorder: findings in men and women from 8 years of follow-up","volume":"17","author":"Yonkers KA","year":"2003","unstructured":"Yonkers KA, Bruce SE, Dyck IR, Keller MB. Chronicity, relapse, and illness--course of panic disorder, social phobia, and generalized anxiety disorder: findings in men and women from 8 years of follow-up. Depress Anxiety. 2003, 17:173-9. 10.1002\/da.10106","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867418799453","article-title":"Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of panic disorder, social anxiety disorder and generalised anxiety disorder","volume":"52","author":"Andrews G","year":"2018","unstructured":"Andrews G, Bell C, Boyce P, et al.. Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of panic disorder, social anxiety disorder and generalised anxiety disorder. ANZ J Psychiatry. 2018, 52:1109-72. 10.1177\/0004867418799453","journal-title":"ANZ J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/51318","article-title":"The Efficacy and Therapeutic Alliance of Augmented Reality Exposure Therapy in Treating Adults With Phobic Disorders: Systematic Review","volume":"10","author":"Hasan S","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hasan S, Alhaj H, Hassoulas A. The Efficacy and Therapeutic Alliance of Augmented Reality Exposure Therapy in Treating Adults With Phobic Disorders: Systematic Review. JMIR Ment Health. 2023, 10:e51318. 10.2196\/51318","journal-title":"JMIR Ment Health"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-11-200","article-title":"Efficacy of exposure versus cognitive therapy in anxiety disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Ougrin D","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ougrin D. Efficacy of exposure versus cognitive therapy in anxiety disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry. 2011, 11:200. 10.1186\/1471-244X-11-200","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2010.01.003","article-title":"A systematic review of behavioral experiments vs. exposure alone in the treatment of anxiety disorders: A case of exposure while wearing the emperor's new clothes?","volume":"30","author":"McMillan D","year":"2010","unstructured":"McMillan D, Lee R. A systematic review of behavioral experiments vs. exposure alone in the treatment of anxiety disorders: A case of exposure while wearing the emperor's new clothes?. Clin Psychol Rev. 2010, 30:467-78. 10.1016\/j.cpr.2010.01.003","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2023.101893","article-title":"Impact of virtual reality applications in the treatment of anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials","volume":"81","author":"Schr\u00f6der D","year":"2023","unstructured":"Schr\u00f6der D, Wrona KJ, M\u00fcller F, Heinemann S, Fischer F, Dockweiler C. Impact of virtual reality applications in the treatment of anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2023, 81:101893. 10.1016\/j.jbtep.2023.101893","journal-title":"J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/computers11020028","article-title":"An overview of augmented reality","volume":"11","author":"Arena F","year":"2022","unstructured":"Arena F, Collotta M, Pau G, Termine F. An overview of augmented reality. Computers. 2022, 11:28. 10.3390\/computers11020028","journal-title":"Computers"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41377-021-00658-8","article-title":"Augmented reality and virtual reality displays: emerging technologies and future perspectives","volume":"10","author":"Xiong J","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xiong J, Hsiang EL, He Z, Zhan T, Wu ST. Augmented reality and virtual reality displays: emerging technologies and future perspectives. Light Sci Appl. 2021, 10:216. 10.1038\/s41377-021-00658-8","journal-title":"Light Sci Appl"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076231203649","article-title":"Use of augmented reality in mental health-related conditions: A systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Bak\u0131r \u00c7N","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bak\u0131r \u00c7N, Abbas SO, Sever E, \u00d6zcan Morey A, Aslan Gen\u00e7 H, Mutluer T. Use of augmented reality in mental health-related conditions: A systematic review. Digit Health. 2023, 9:20552076231203649. 10.1177\/20552076231203649","journal-title":"Digit Health"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2022.104142","article-title":"Safety behaviors toward innocuous stimuli can maintain or increase threat beliefs","volume":"156","author":"van Dis EA","year":"2022","unstructured":"van Dis EA, Krypotos AM, Zondervan-Zwijnenburg MA, Tinga AM, Engelhard IM. Safety behaviors toward innocuous stimuli can maintain or increase threat beliefs. Behav Res Ther. 2022, 156:104142. 10.1016\/j.brat.2022.104142","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2019.03.002","article-title":"Safety behaviors, experiential avoidance, and anxiety: A path analysis approach","volume":"64","author":"Kirk A","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kirk A, Meyer JM, Whisman MA, Deacon BJ, Arch JJ. Safety behaviors, experiential avoidance, and anxiety: A path analysis approach. J Anxiety Disord. 2019, 64:9-15. 10.1016\/j.janxdis.2019.03.002","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41073-019-0064-8","article-title":"SANRA-a scale for the quality assessment of narrative review articles","volume":"4","author":"Baethge C","year":"2019","unstructured":"Baethge C, Goldbeck-Wood S, Mertens S. SANRA-a scale for the quality assessment of narrative review articles. Res Integr Peer Rev. 2019, 4:5. 10.1186\/s41073-019-0064-8","journal-title":"Res Integr Peer Rev"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/2047480615Z.000000000329","article-title":"Writing narrative style literature reviews","volume":"24","author":"Ferrari R","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ferrari R. Writing narrative style literature reviews. Med Writing. 2015, 24:230-5. 10.1179\/2047480615Z.000000000329","journal-title":"Med Writing"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0138237","article-title":"The Role of Google Scholar in Evidence Reviews and Its Applicability to Grey Literature Searching","volume":"10","author":"Haddaway NR","year":"2015","unstructured":"Haddaway NR, Collins AM, Coughlin D, Kirk S. The Role of Google Scholar in Evidence Reviews and Its Applicability to Grey Literature Searching. PLoS One. 2015, 10:e0138237. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0138237","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2005.8.162","article-title":"Mixing realities? An application of augmented reality for the treatment of cockroach phobia","volume":"8","author":"Botella CM","year":"2005","unstructured":"Botella CM, Juan MC, Ba\u00f1os RM, Alca\u00f1iz M, Guill\u00e9n V, Rey B. Mixing realities? An application of augmented reality for the treatment of cockroach phobia. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2005, 8:162-71. 10.1089\/cpb.2005.8.162","journal-title":"Cyberpsychol Behav"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mcg.2005.143","article-title":"Using augmented reality to treat phobias","volume":"25","author":"Juan MC","year":"2005","unstructured":"Juan MC, Alca\u00f1iz M, Monserrat C, Botella C, Ba\u00f1os RM, Guerrero B. Using augmented reality to treat phobias. IEEE Comput Graph Appl. 2005, 25:31-7. 10.1109\/mcg.2005.143","journal-title":"IEEE Comput Graph Appl"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2009.07.002","article-title":"Treating cockroach phobia with augmented reality","volume":"41","author":"Botella C","year":"2010","unstructured":"Botella C, Bret\u00f3n-L\u00f3pez J, Quero S, Ba\u00f1os R, Garc\u00eda-Palacios A. Treating cockroach phobia with augmented reality. Behav Ther. 2010, 41:401-13. 10.1016\/j.beth.2009.07.002","journal-title":"Behav Ther"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.01.065","article-title":"Treating small animal phobias using a projective-augmented reality system: a single-case study","volume":"49","author":"Wrzesien M","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wrzesien M, Botella C, Breton-Lopez J, et al.. Treating small animal phobias using a projective-augmented reality system: a single-case study. Comput Hum Behav. 2015, 49:343-53. 10.1016\/j.chb.2015.01.065","journal-title":"Comput Hum Behav"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41811-023-00169-x","article-title":"Effects of augmented reality exposure therapy combined with cognitive intervention on cat phobia","volume":"16","author":"Yapan S","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yapan S, Simsek NY, Sutcigil L. Effects of augmented reality exposure therapy combined with cognitive intervention on cat phobia. Int J Cogn Ther. 2023, 16:432-59. 10.1007\/s41811-023-00169-x","journal-title":"Int J Cogn Ther"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-23774-4_43","article-title":"How technology influences the therapeutic process: a comparative field evaluation of augmented reality and in vivo exposure therapy for phobia of small animals","author":"Wrzesien M","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wrzesien M, Burkhardt JM, Alcaniz M, Botella C. How technology influences the therapeutic process: a comparative field evaluation of augmented reality and in vivo exposure therapy for phobia of small animals . Human-Computer Interaction - INTERACT 2011. INTERACT 2011. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 6946. Campos, P., Graham N, Jorge J, Nunes N, Palanque P, Winckler M (ed): Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg; 2011. 13:523-40. 10.1007\/978-3-642-23774-4_43"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0148237","article-title":"In Vivo versus Augmented Reality Exposure in the Treatment of Small Animal Phobia: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"11","author":"Botella C","year":"2016","unstructured":"Botella C, P\u00e9rez-Ara M\u00c1, Bret\u00f3n-L\u00f3pez J, Quero S, Garc\u00eda-Palacios A, Ba\u00f1os RM. In Vivo versus Augmented Reality Exposure in the Treatment of Small Animal Phobia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. PLoS One. 2016, 11:e0148237. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0148237","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2017.0672","article-title":"Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, and In Vivo Exposure Therapy: A Preliminary Comparison of Treatment Efficacy in Small Animal Phobia","volume":"22","author":"Suso-Ribera C","year":"2019","unstructured":"Suso-Ribera C, Fern\u00e1ndez-\u00c1lvarez J, Garc\u00eda-Palacios A, et al.. Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, and In Vivo Exposure Therapy: A Preliminary Comparison of Treatment Efficacy in Small Animal Phobia. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. 2019, 22:31-8. 10.1089\/cyber.2017.0672","journal-title":"Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12788\/acp.0042","article-title":"Real-life contextualization of exposure therapy using augmented reality: A pilot clinical trial of a novel treatment method","volume":"33","author":"Javanbakht A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Javanbakht A, Madaboosi S, Grasser LR. Real-life contextualization of exposure therapy using augmented reality: A pilot clinical trial of a novel treatment method. Ann Clin Psychiatry. 2021, 33:220-31. 10.12788\/acp.0042","journal-title":"Ann Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2021.102442","article-title":"Effectiveness of a smartphone-based, augmented reality exposure app to reduce fear of spiders in real-life: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"82","author":"Zimmer A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zimmer A, Wang N, Ibach MK, et al.. Effectiveness of a smartphone-based, augmented reality exposure app to reduce fear of spiders in real-life: A randomized controlled trial. J Anxiety Disord. 2021, 82:102442. 10.1016\/j.janxdis.2021.102442","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1214125","article-title":"The efficacy of augmented reality exposure therapy in the treatment of spider phobia-a randomized controlled trial","volume":"15","author":"Jurcik T","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jurcik T, Zaremba-Pike S, Kosonogov V, et al.. The efficacy of augmented reality exposure therapy in the treatment of spider phobia-a randomized controlled trial. Front Psychol. 2024, 15:1214125. 10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1214125","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2020.6","article-title":"Virtual\/augmented reality and neurofeedback in the treatment of agoraphobia and social phobia - a comparative and randomized study","volume":"63","author":"Canais F","year":"2020","unstructured":"Canais F, Macorano R, Ferreira HA, et al.. Virtual\/augmented reality and neurofeedback in the treatment of agoraphobia and social phobia - a comparative and randomized study. Eur Psychiatry. 2020, 63:303-4. 10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2020.6","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-5922.12128","article-title":"Sandplay therapy with couples within the framework of analytical psychology","volume":"60","author":"Albert SC","year":"2015","unstructured":"Albert SC. Sandplay therapy with couples within the framework of analytical psychology. J Anal Psychol. 2015, 60:32-53. 10.1111\/1468-5922.12128","journal-title":"J Anal Psychol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aip.2022.101934","article-title":"SandplayAR: evaluation of psychometric game for people with generalized anxiety disorder","volume":"80","author":"Xiong Z","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xiong Z, Weng X, Wei Y. SandplayAR: evaluation of psychometric game for people with generalized anxiety disorder. Arts Psychother. 2022, 80:101934. 10.1016\/j.aip.2022.101934","journal-title":"Arts Psychother"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app12031672","article-title":"Phobia exposure therapy using virtual and augmented reality: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Albakri G","year":"2022","unstructured":"Albakri G, Bouaziz R, Alharthi W, et al.. Phobia exposure therapy using virtual and augmented reality: a systematic review. Appl Sci. 2022, 12:1672. 10.3390\/app12031672","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2021.102448","article-title":"Clinical predictors of treatment response towards exposure therapy in virtuo in spider phobia: A machine learning and external cross-validation approach","volume":"83","author":"Leehr EJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Leehr EJ, Roesmann K, B\u00f6hnlein J, et al.. Clinical predictors of treatment response towards exposure therapy in virtuo in spider phobia: A machine learning and external cross-validation approach. J Anxiety Disord. 2021, 83:102448. 10.1016\/j.janxdis.2021.102448","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10055-021-00549-8","article-title":"Moving from VR into AR using bio-cybernetic loops and physiological sensory devices for intervention on anxiety disorders","volume":"27","author":"Arquissandas P","year":"2023","unstructured":"Arquissandas P, Lamas DR, Oliveira J. Moving from VR into AR using bio-cybernetic loops and physiological sensory devices for intervention on anxiety disorders. Virtual Real. 2023, 27:233-43. 10.1007\/s10055-021-00549-8","journal-title":"Virtual Real"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"Augmenting exposure therapy: mobile augmented reality for specific phobia","volume":"1","author":"De Witte NAJ","year":"2020","unstructured":"De Witte NAJ, Scheveneels S, Sels R, Debard G, Hermans D, Van Daele T. Augmenting exposure therapy: mobile augmented reality for specific phobia. Front Virtual Real. 2020, 1:8.","journal-title":"Front Virtual Real"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvir.2022.1066996","article-title":"Handheld or head-mounted? An experimental comparison of the potential of augmented reality for animal phobia treatment using smartphone and HoloLens 2","volume":"3","author":"De Witte NAJ","year":"2022","unstructured":"De Witte NAJ, Buelens F, Debard G, et al.. Handheld or head-mounted? An experimental comparison of the potential of augmented reality for animal phobia treatment using smartphone and HoloLens 2. Front Virtual Real. 2022, 3:1066996. 10.3389\/fvir.2022.1066996","journal-title":"Front Virtual Real"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5220\/0007580604740480","article-title":"ExPhobia: a mHealth technology based on augmented reality for support the treatment of arachnophobic stimulus. In","volume":"2019","author":"Brasileiro FNV","unstructured":"Brasileiro FNV, Taunay TCD, de Vasconcelos Filho JE, Santana MM, Bastos APF. ExPhobia: a mHealth technology based on augmented reality for support the treatment of arachnophobic stimulus. In. Proceedings of the 12th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies (BIOSTEC. 2019:474-480. 10.5220\/0007580604740480","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 12th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies (BIOSTEC"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/cyber.2009.0170","article-title":"An augmented reality system validation for the treatment of cockroach phobia","volume":"13","author":"Breton-Lopez J","year":"2010","unstructured":"Breton-Lopez J, Quero S, Botella C, Garcia-Palacios A, Banos RM, Alcaniz M. An augmented reality system validation for the treatment of cockroach phobia. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. 2010, 13:705-710. 10.1189\/cyber.2009.0170","journal-title":"Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICTS.2016.7910271","article-title":"Augmented reality application for cockroach phobia therapy using everyday objects as marker substitute","author":"Fatharany F","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fatharany F, Hariadi RR, Herumurti D, Yuniarti A. Augmented reality application for cockroach phobia therapy using everyday objects as marker substitute. 2016 International Conference on Information & Communication Technology and Systems (ICTS). 2016. 49-52. 10.1109\/ICTS.2016.7910271"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12652-020-01802-9","article-title":"Design of smart objects of fear with a taxonomy of factors affecting the user experience of exposure therapy systems for small-animal phobias","volume":"13","author":"Moran AL","year":"2022","unstructured":"Moran AL, Ramirez-Fernandez C, Meza-Kubo V. Design of smart objects of fear with a taxonomy of factors affecting the user experience of exposure therapy systems for small-animal phobias. J Ambient Intell Human Computing. 2022, 13:5363-5375. 10.1007\/s12652-020-01802-9","journal-title":"J Ambient Intell Human Computing"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/CISTI.2019.8760859","article-title":"Augmented reality and sensory technology for treatment of anxiety disorders. In: 2019 14th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI","volume":"2019","author":"Arquissandas P","unstructured":"Arquissandas P, Lamas D, Oliveira J. Augmented reality and sensory technology for treatment of anxiety disorders. In: 2019 14th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI. 2019:1-4. 10.23919\/CISTI.2019.8760859"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2018.2844083","article-title":"Effects of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality on Induced Anxiety","volume":"26","author":"Yeh SC","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yeh SC, Li YY, Zhou C, Chiu PH, Chen JW. Effects of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality on Induced Anxiety. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng. 2018, 26:1345-52. 10.1109\/TNSRE.2018.2844083","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1084","article-title":"The feasibility of an augment reality system to study the psychophysiological correlates of fear-related responses","volume":"8","author":"Br\u00e1s S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Br\u00e1s S, Soares SC, Cruz T, et al.. The feasibility of an augment reality system to study the psychophysiological correlates of fear-related responses. Brain Behav. 2018, 8:e01084. 10.1002\/brb3.1084","journal-title":"Brain Behav"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6357351","article-title":"The Effect of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality on Inducing Anxiety for Exposure Therapy: A Comparison Using Heart Rate Variability","volume":"2018","author":"Tsai CF","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tsai CF, Yeh SC, Huang Y, Wu Z, Cui J, Zheng L. The Effect of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality on Inducing Anxiety for Exposure Therapy: A Comparison Using Heart Rate Variability. J Healthc Eng. 2018, 2018:6357351. 10.1155\/2018\/6357351","journal-title":"J Healthc Eng"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-022-10343-8","article-title":"Therapeutic alliance and treatment expectations: predicting outcomes in exposure treatments for specific phobia","volume":"47","author":"Areas M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Areas M, Babl AM, Fernandez-Alvarez J, et al.. Therapeutic alliance and treatment expectations: predicting outcomes in exposure treatments for specific phobia. Cogn Ther Res. 2023, 47:222-231. 10.1007\/s10608-022-10343-8","journal-title":"Cogn Ther Res"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/43240","article-title":"Adverse Effects of Virtual and Augmented Reality Interventions in Psychiatry: Systematic Review","volume":"10","author":"Lundin RM","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lundin RM, Yeap Y, Menkes DB. Adverse Effects of Virtual and Augmented Reality Interventions in Psychiatry: Systematic Review. JMIR Ment Health. 2023, 10:e43240. 10.2196\/43240","journal-title":"JMIR Ment Health"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10055-021-00513-6","article-title":"Cybersickness in current-generation virtual reality head-mounted displays: systematic review and outlook","volume":"25","author":"Caserman P","year":"2021","unstructured":"Caserman P, Garcia-Agundez A, Zerban AG, Gobel S. Cybersickness in current-generation virtual reality head-mounted displays: systematic review and outlook. Virtual Real.. 2021, 25:1153-1170. 10.1007\/s10055-021-00513-6","journal-title":"Virtual Real."},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2007.9962","article-title":"Comparing acceptance and refusal rates of virtual reality exposure vs. in vivo exposure by patients with specific phobias","volume":"10","author":"Garcia-Palacios A","year":"2007","unstructured":"Garcia-Palacios A, Botella C, Hoffman H, Fabregat S. Comparing acceptance and refusal rates of virtual reality exposure vs. in vivo exposure by patients with specific phobias. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2007, 10:722-4. 10.1089\/cpb.2007.9962","journal-title":"Cyberpsychol Behav"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16506073.2021.1939410","article-title":"Integrating virtual realities and psychotherapy: SWOT analysis on VR and MR based treatments of anxiety and stress-related disorders","volume":"50","author":"Ma L","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ma L, Mor S, Anderson PL, et al.. Integrating virtual realities and psychotherapy: SWOT analysis on VR and MR based treatments of anxiety and stress-related disorders. Cogn Behav Ther. 2021, 50:509-26. 10.1080\/16506073.2021.1939410","journal-title":"Cogn Behav Ther"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.07.015","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 3. Rating the quality of evidence","volume":"64","author":"Balshem H","year":"2011","unstructured":"Balshem H, Helfand M, Sch\u00fcnemann HJ, et al.. GRADE guidelines: 3. Rating the quality of evidence. J Clin Epidemiol. 2011, 64:401-6. 10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.07.015","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2017.00026","article-title":"DJINNI: A Novel Technology Supported Exposure Therapy Paradigm for SAD Combining Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality","volume":"8","author":"Ben-Moussa M","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ben-Moussa M, Rubo M, Debracque C, Lange WG. DJINNI: A Novel Technology Supported Exposure Therapy Paradigm for SAD Combining Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality. Front Psychiatry. 2017, 8:26. 10.3389\/fpsyt.2017.00026","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-023-01438-4","article-title":"Virtual and Augmented Simulations in Mental Health","volume":"25","author":"Carlson CG","year":"2023","unstructured":"Carlson CG. Virtual and Augmented Simulations in Mental Health. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2023, 25:365-71. 10.1007\/s11920-023-01438-4","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0735633119854036","article-title":"Effect of mobile augmented reality on learning performance, motivation, and math anxiety in a math course","volume":"57","author":"Chen YC","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen YC. Effect of mobile augmented reality on learning performance, motivation, and math anxiety in a math course. J Educ Comput Res. 2019, 57:1695-1722. 10.1177\/0735633119854036","journal-title":"J Educ Comput Res"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.29310","article-title":"Augmented Reality for Perioperative Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"6","author":"Rizzo MG Jr","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rizzo MG Jr, Costello JP 2nd, Luxenburg D, Cohen JL, Alberti N, Kaplan LD. Augmented Reality for Perioperative Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2023, 6:e2329310. 10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.29310","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10503307.2023.2200151","article-title":"Lessons from ten years of psychotherapy process research","volume":"34","author":"Krause M","year":"2024","unstructured":"Krause M. Lessons from ten years of psychotherapy process research. Psychother Res. 2024, 34:261-75. 10.1080\/10503307.2023.2200151","journal-title":"Psychother Res"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2004.09.001","article-title":"Neurophysiological correlates of habituation during exposure in spider phobia","volume":"132","author":"Veltman DJ","year":"2004","unstructured":"Veltman DJ, Tuinebreijer WE, Winkelman D, Lammertsma AA, Witter MP, Dolan RJ, Emmelkamp PM. Neurophysiological correlates of habituation during exposure in spider phobia. Psychiatry Res. 2004, 132:149-58. 10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2004.09.001","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2011.01.003","article-title":"Late cortical positivity and cardiac responsitivity in female dental phobics when exposed to phobia-relevant pictures","volume":"79","author":"Leutgeb V","year":"2011","unstructured":"Leutgeb V, Sch\u00e4fer A, Schienle A. Late cortical positivity and cardiac responsitivity in female dental phobics when exposed to phobia-relevant pictures. Int J Psychophysiol. 2011, 79:410-6. 10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2011.01.003","journal-title":"Int J Psychophysiol"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.12.009","article-title":"Factors influencing the success of exposure therapy for specific phobia: A systematic review","volume":"108","author":"B\u00f6hnlein J","year":"2020","unstructured":"B\u00f6hnlein J, Altegoer L, Muck NK, Roesmann K, Redlich R, Dannlowski U, Leehr EJ. Factors influencing the success of exposure therapy for specific phobia: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2020, 108:796-820. 10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.12.009","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.01531","article-title":"Working alliance inventory applied to virtual and augmented reality (WAI-VAR): psychometrics and therapeutic outcomes","volume":"6","author":"Miragall M","year":"2015","unstructured":"Miragall M, Ba\u00f1os RM, Cebolla A, Botella C. Working alliance inventory applied to virtual and augmented reality (WAI-VAR): psychometrics and therapeutic outcomes. Front Psychol. 2015, 6:1531. 10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.01531","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00112","article-title":"Moving from virtual reality exposure-based therapy to augmented reality exposure-based therapy: a review","volume":"8","author":"Baus O","year":"2014","unstructured":"Baus O, Bouchard S. Moving from virtual reality exposure-based therapy to augmented reality exposure-based therapy: a review. Front Hum Neurosci. 2014, 8:112. 10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00112","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/246290-augmented-reality-as-an-aid-to-behavior-therapy-for-anxiety-disorders-a-narrative-review","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]],"date-time":"2024-09-15T14:48:21Z","timestamp":1726411701000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/246290-augmented-reality-as-an-aid-to-behavior-therapy-for-anxiety-disorders-a-narrative-review"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]]},"references-count":62,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.69454","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]]}}}