{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T10:00:21Z","timestamp":1772618421585,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,22]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.69958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,23]],"date-time":"2024-09-23T04:58:12Z","timestamp":1727067492000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Incidence and Management of Pseudocysts in Patients With Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts: A Study in Pakistan"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Adil","family":"Ihsan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shehryar","family":"Noor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Mushtaq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Ishfaq Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saad","family":"Ali Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fahad R","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-31889-9_45-1","article-title":"Classification of hydrocephalus","author":"Rekate HL","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rekate HL. Classification of hydrocephalus. Pediatric Hydrocephalus. Cinalli G, Ozek M, Sainte-Rose C (ed): Springer, Cham, Switzerland; 2018. 1-17. 10.1007\/978-3-319-31889-9_45-1"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/368191","article-title":"Risk factors for pediatric ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection and predictors of infectious pathogens","volume":"36","author":"McGirt MJ","year":"2003","unstructured":"McGirt MJ, Zaas A, Fuchs HE, George TM, Kaye K, Sexton DJ. Risk factors for pediatric ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection and predictors of infectious pathogens. Clin Infect Dis. 2003, 36:858-62. 10.1086\/368191","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s0004-282x2010000600011","article-title":"Management of supratentorial epidural hematoma in children: report on 49 patients","volume":"68","author":"Paiva WS","year":"2010","unstructured":"Paiva WS, Andrade AF, Mathias J\u00fanior L, Guirado VM, Amorim RL, Magrini NN, Teixeira MJ. Management of supratentorial epidural hematoma in children: report on 49 patients. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2010, 68:888-92. 10.1590\/s0004-282x2010000600011","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/PED-08\/01\/040","article-title":"Have we made progress in preventing shunt failure? A critical analysis","volume":"1","author":"Stein SC","year":"2008","unstructured":"Stein SC, Guo W. Have we made progress in preventing shunt failure? A critical analysis. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2008, 1:40-7. 10.3171\/PED-08\/01\/040","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-014-2370-2","article-title":"Abdominal cerebrospinal fluid pseudocyst: a comparative analysis between children and adults","volume":"30","author":"Dabdoub CB","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dabdoub CB, Dabdoub CF, Chavez M, Villarroel J, Ferrufino JL, Coimbra A, Orlandi BM. Abdominal cerebrospinal fluid pseudocyst: a comparative analysis between children and adults. Childs Nerv Syst. 2014, 30:579-89. 10.1007\/s00381-014-2370-2","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.206007","article-title":"Abdominal pseudocyst as a complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement: review of the literature and a proposed algorithm for treatment using 4 illustrative cases","volume":"8","author":"Kashyap S","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kashyap S, Ghanchi H, Minasian T, Dong F, Miulli D. Abdominal pseudocyst as a complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement: review of the literature and a proposed algorithm for treatment using 4 illustrative cases. Surg Neurol Int. 2017, 8:78. 10.4103\/2152-7806.206007","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucir.2020.03.005","article-title":"Abdominal pseudocysts, an unusual complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunt systems: literature systematic review","volume":"32","author":"Garc\u00eda-Mart\u00edn A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Mart\u00edn A, Otero-Rodr\u00edguez A, Miranda-Zambrano D, Arandia-Guzm\u00e1n DA, Torres-Carretero L, Sousa-Casasnovas P, Pascual-Argente D. Abdominal pseudocysts, an unusual complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunt systems: literature systematic review. Neurocirugia (Astur: Engl Ed). 2021, 32:69-77. 10.1016\/j.neucir.2020.03.005","journal-title":"Neurocirugia (Astur: Engl Ed)"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000058428","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid shunt survival and etiology of failures: a seven-year institutional experience","volume":"36","author":"McGirt MJ","year":"2002","unstructured":"McGirt MJ, Leveque JC, Wellons JC 3rd, Villavicencio AT, Hopkins JS, Fuchs HE, George TM. Cerebrospinal fluid shunt survival and etiology of failures: a seven-year institutional experience. Pediatr Neurosurg. 2002, 36:248-55. 10.1159\/000058428","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2023.4.PEDS23129","article-title":"Comparison of outcomes in the management of abdominal pseudocyst in children with shunted hydrocephalus: a Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network study","volume":"32","author":"Ravindra VM","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ravindra VM, Jensen H, Riva-Cambrin J, et al.. Comparison of outcomes in the management of abdominal pseudocyst in children with shunted hydrocephalus: a Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network study. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2023, 32:312-23. 10.3171\/2023.4.PEDS23129","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.6.PEDS14670","article-title":"Risk factors for shunt malfunction in pediatric hydrocephalus: a multicenter prospective cohort study","volume":"17","author":"Riva-Cambrin J","year":"2016","unstructured":"Riva-Cambrin J, Kestle JR, Holubkov R, et al.. Risk factors for shunt malfunction in pediatric hydrocephalus: a multicenter prospective cohort study. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2016, 17:382-90. 10.3171\/2015.6.PEDS14670","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.38.6.6278","article-title":"Deflating abdominal pseudocyst causing temporary normalization of ventriculoperitoneal shunt malfunction","volume":"38","author":"Algahtany MA","year":"2022","unstructured":"Algahtany MA, Kojadinovic Z, Algahtany A. Deflating abdominal pseudocyst causing temporary normalization of ventriculoperitoneal shunt malfunction. Pak J Med Sci. 2022, 38:1720-3. 10.12669\/pjms.38.6.6278","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.r90","article-title":"Retraction: abdominal pseudocyst: a rare complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunts","volume":"16","author":"Bin Saqyan TM","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bin Saqyan TM, Basunbul LI, Badahdah AA, et al.. Retraction: abdominal pseudocyst: a rare complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunts. Cureus. 2024, 16:10.7759\/cureus.r90","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.7902","article-title":"Abdominal pseudocyst complicating ventriculoperitoneal shunt: a rare indication for ventriculopleural shunt conversion","volume":"11","author":"Shrestha N","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shrestha N, Gautam N, Shrestha M. Abdominal pseudocyst complicating ventriculoperitoneal shunt: a rare indication for ventriculopleural shunt conversion. Clin Case Rep. 2023, 11:e7902. 10.1002\/ccr3.7902","journal-title":"Clin Case Rep"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-024-02712-6","article-title":"Reducing the burden of repeated ventriculo-peritoneal shunt surgery and infection in low and middle income country","volume":"47","author":"Precious FK","year":"2024","unstructured":"Precious FK, Chaurasia B. Reducing the burden of repeated ventriculo-peritoneal shunt surgery and infection in low and middle income country. Neurosurg Rev. 2024, 47:476. 10.1007\/s10143-024-02712-6","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1793-5482.145539","article-title":"Post ventriculoperitoneal shunt abdominal pseudocyst: challenges posed in management","volume":"12","author":"Hamid R","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hamid R, Baba AA, Bhat NA, Mufti G, Mir YA, Sajad W. Post ventriculoperitoneal shunt abdominal pseudocyst: challenges posed in management. Asian J Neurosurg. 2017, 12:13-6. 10.4103\/1793-5482.145539","journal-title":"Asian J Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2011.07.001","article-title":"The use of laparoscopy in ventriculoperitoneal shunt revisions","volume":"46","author":"Martin K","year":"2011","unstructured":"Martin K, Baird R, Farmer JP, Emil S, Laberge JM, Shaw K, Puligandla P. The use of laparoscopy in ventriculoperitoneal shunt revisions. J Pediatr Surg. 2011, 46:2146-50. 10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2011.07.001","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.7.PEDS14322","article-title":"Pediatric hydrocephalus: systematic literature review and evidence-based guidelines. Part 2: management of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus in premature infants","volume":"14 Suppl 1","author":"Mazzola CA","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mazzola CA, Choudhri AF, Auguste KI, Limbrick DD Jr, Rogido M, Mitchell L, Flannery AM. Pediatric hydrocephalus: systematic literature review and evidence-based guidelines. Part 2: management of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus in premature infants. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2014, 14 Suppl 1:8-23. 10.3171\/2014.7.PEDS14322","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2321011976","article-title":"Case 72: pseudocyst around ventriculoperitoneal shunt","volume":"232","author":"Pernas JC","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pernas JC, Catala J. Case 72: pseudocyst around ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Radiology. 2004, 232:239-43. 10.1148\/radiol.2321011976","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12816\/0006076","article-title":"Ventriculoperitoneal shunt with communicating peritoneal & subcutaneous pseudocysts formation","volume":"8","author":"Sharifa AD","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sharifa AD. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt with communicating peritoneal &amp; subcutaneous pseudocysts formation. Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2014, 8:107-11. 10.12816\/0006076","journal-title":"Int J Health Sci (Qassim)"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-021-01161-y","article-title":"Hemorrhagic abdominal pseudocyst following ventriculoperitoneal shunt: a case report","volume":"21","author":"Wang HC","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang HC, Tong YL, Li SW, Chen MS, Wang BD, Chen H. Hemorrhagic abdominal pseudocyst following ventriculoperitoneal shunt: a case report. BMC Surg. 2021, 21:154. 10.1186\/s12893-021-01161-y","journal-title":"BMC Surg"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-09961-3","article-title":"Complications of CSF Shunting in Hydrocephalus: Prevention, Identification, and Management","author":"Di Rocco C","year":"2015","unstructured":"Di Rocco C, Turgut M, Jallo G, Mart\u00ednez-Lage JF. Complications of CSF Shunting in Hydrocephalus: Prevention, Identification, and Management. Di Rocco C, Turgut M, Jallo G, Mart\u00ednez-Lage JF (ed): Springer, Cham, Switzerland; 2015. 10.1007\/978-3-319-09961-3"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-021-05121-y","article-title":"Abdominal complications in patients with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt: proposal for management recommendations from a single pediatric tertiary center","volume":"37","author":"Basilotta M\u00e1rquez YN","year":"2021","unstructured":"Basilotta M\u00e1rquez YN, Mengide JP, Li\u00f1ares JM, Saenz A, Arga\u00f1araz R, Mantese B. Abdominal complications in patients with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt: proposal for management recommendations from a single pediatric tertiary center. Childs Nerv Syst. 2021, 37:2223-32. 10.1007\/s00381-021-05121-y","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.87.3.198","article-title":"Ventriculoperitoneal shunt block: what are the best predictive clinical indicators?","volume":"87","author":"Barnes NP","year":"2002","unstructured":"Barnes NP, Jones SJ, Hayward RD, Harkness WJ, Thompson D. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt block: what are the best predictive clinical indicators?. Arch Dis Child. 2002, 87:198-201. 10.1136\/adc.87.3.198","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1979.51.6.0804","article-title":"Long-term analysis of cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections. A 25-year experience","volume":"51","author":"George R","year":"1979","unstructured":"George R, Leibrock L, Epstein M. Long-term analysis of cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections. A 25-year experience. J Neurosurg. 1979, 51:804-11. 10.3171\/jns.1979.51.6.0804","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/290496-incidence-and-management-of-pseudocysts-in-patients-with-ventriculoperitoneal-shunts-a-study-in-pakistan","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,23]],"date-time":"2024-09-23T04:58:14Z","timestamp":1727067494000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/290496-incidence-and-management-of-pseudocysts-in-patients-with-ventriculoperitoneal-shunts-a-study-in-pakistan"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,22]]},"references-count":24,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.69958","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,22]]}}}