{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T15:50:50Z","timestamp":1781106650351,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.70810","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T08:37:57Z","timestamp":1728031077000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Chitosan and Chlorhexidine Mouthwash in Plaque Control and Gingivitis: An Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Kratee","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellora","family":"Madan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anubha","family":"Nirwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zaby","family":"Fatima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051x.1996.tb00514.x","article-title":"The effect of supragingival plaque control on the subgingival microflora in human periodontitis","volume":"23","author":"Hellstr\u00f6m MK","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hellstr\u00f6m MK, Ramberg P, Krok L, Lindhe J. The effect of supragingival plaque control on the subgingival microflora in human periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 1996, 23:934-40. 10.1111\/j.1600-051x.1996.tb00514.x","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.identj.2022.01.005","article-title":"Chlorhexidine in dentistry: pharmacology, uses, and adverse effects","volume":"72","author":"Poppolo Deus F","year":"2022","unstructured":"Poppolo Deus F, Ouanounou A. Chlorhexidine in dentistry: pharmacology, uses, and adverse effects. Int Dent J. 2022, 72:269-77. 10.1016\/j.identj.2022.01.005","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Effectiveness of different commercial chlorhexidine-based mouthwashes after periodontal and implant surgery","volume":"28","author":"Chye RML","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chye RML, Perrotti V, Piattelli A, Iaculli F, Quaranta A. Effectiveness of different commercial chlorhexidine-based mouthwashes after periodontal and implant surgery. Implant Dent. 2019, 28:74-85.","journal-title":"Implant Dent"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2012.01883.x","article-title":"Effect of a chlorhexidine mouthrinse on plaque, gingival inflammation and staining in gingivitis patients: a systematic review","volume":"39","author":"Van Strydonck DA","year":"2012","unstructured":"Van Strydonck DA, Slot DE, Van der Velden U, Van der Weijden F. Effect of a chlorhexidine mouthrinse on plaque, gingival inflammation and staining in gingivitis patients: a systematic review. J Clin Periodontol. 2012, 39:1042-55. 10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2012.01883.x","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008676.pub2","article-title":"Chlorhexidine mouthrinse as an adjunctive treatment for gingival health","volume":"3","author":"James P","year":"2017","unstructured":"James P, Worthington HV, Parnell C, et al.. Chlorhexidine mouthrinse as an adjunctive treatment for gingival health. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017, 3:CD008676. 10.1002\/14651858.CD008676.pub2","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of chitosan chlorhexidine mouthwash in plaque control: a preliminary randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"22","author":"Vilasan A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vilasan A, Venkatesh PM, Varadhan KB, George JP, Dubey A. Comparative evaluation of chitosan chlorhexidine mouthwash in plaque control: a preliminary randomized controlled clinical trial. J Int Acad Periodontol. 2020, 22:166-73.","journal-title":"J Int Acad Periodontol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2013.09.041","article-title":"A comprehensive study into the impact of a chitosan mouthwash upon oral microorganism's biofilm formation in vitro","volume":"101","author":"Costa EM","year":"2014","unstructured":"Costa EM, Silva S, Madureira AR, Cardelle-Cobas A, Tavaria FK, Pintado MM. A comprehensive study into the impact of a chitosan mouthwash upon oral microorganism's biofilm formation in vitro. Carbohydr Polym. 2014, 101:1081-6. 10.1016\/j.carbpol.2013.09.041","journal-title":"Carbohydr Polym"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"Evaluation and comparison of antimicrobial effects of chlorhexidine (CHX) and chitosan (CHT) mouthwash in chronic periodontitis (CGP) patients: a clinicomicrobiological study","volume":"16","author":"Nair G","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nair G, Panchal A, Gandhi B, Shah S, Shah R. Evaluation and comparison of antimicrobial effects of chlorhexidine (CHX) and chitosan (CHT) mouthwash in chronic periodontitis (CGP) patients: a clinicomicrobiological study. IOSR J Dent Med Sci. 2017, 16:26-32.","journal-title":"IOSR J Dent Med Sci"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.23318","article-title":"Efficacy of chitosan and chlorhexidine mouthwash on dental plaque and gingival inflammation: a systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Pandiyan I","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pandiyan I, Rathinavelu PK, Arumugham MI, D S, Balasubramaniam A. Efficacy of chitosan and chlorhexidine mouthwash on dental plaque and gingival inflammation: a systematic review. Cureus. 2022, 14:e23318. 10.7759\/cureus.23318","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016356309011240","article-title":"Periodontal disease in pregnancy. I. Prevalence and severity","volume":"21","author":"LO H","year":"1963","unstructured":"LO H, SI J. Periodontal disease in pregnancy. I. Prevalence and severity. Acta Odontol Scand. 1963, 21:533-51. 10.3109\/00016356309011240","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2209\/tdcpublication.44.9","article-title":"Effect of chitosan rinsing on reduction of dental plaque formation","volume":"44","author":"Sano H","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sano H, Shibasaki K, Matsukubo T, Takaesu Y. Effect of chitosan rinsing on reduction of dental plaque formation. Bull Tokyo Dent Coll. 2003, 44:9-16. 10.2209\/tdcpublication.44.9","journal-title":"Bull Tokyo Dent Coll"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1970.41.41.41","article-title":"Reduced plaque formation by the chloromethyl analogue of victamine C","volume":"41","author":"Turesky S","year":"1970","unstructured":"Turesky S, Gilmore ND, Glickman I. Reduced plaque formation by the chloromethyl analogue of victamine C. J Periodontol. 1970, 41:41-3. 10.1902\/jop.1970.41.41.41","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1968.0298","article-title":"Effect of dentifrices on tooth stains with controlled brushing","volume":"77","author":"Lobene RR","year":"1968","unstructured":"Lobene RR. Effect of dentifrices on tooth stains with controlled brushing. J Am Dent Assoc. 1968, 77:849-55. 10.14219\/jada.archive.1968.0298","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1992.63.9.776","article-title":"Measurement of oral malodor: current methods and future prospects","volume":"63","author":"Rosenberg M","year":"1992","unstructured":"Rosenberg M, McCulloch CA. Measurement of oral malodor: current methods and future prospects. J Periodontol. 1992, 63:776-82. 10.1902\/jop.1992.63.9.776","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Antibacterial activity and adhesive properties of a chitosan-containing dental adhesive","volume":"43","author":"Elsaka SE","year":"2012","unstructured":"Elsaka SE. Antibacterial activity and adhesive properties of a chitosan-containing dental adhesive. Quintessence Int. 2012, 43:603-13.","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s1678-77572012000600006","article-title":"Antibacterial effect of water-soluble chitosan on representative dental pathogens Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli brevis","volume":"20","author":"Chen CY","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chen CY, Chung YC. Antibacterial effect of water-soluble chitosan on representative dental pathogens Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli brevis. J Appl Oral Sci. 2012, 20:620-7. 10.1590\/s1678-77572012000600006","journal-title":"J Appl Oral Sci"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2020.103497","article-title":"Current uses of chlorhexidine for management of oral disease: a narrative review","volume":"103","author":"Brookes ZL","year":"2020","unstructured":"Brookes ZL, Bescos R, Belfield LA, Ali K, Roberts A. Current uses of chlorhexidine for management of oral disease: a narrative review. J Dent. 2020, 103:103497. 10.1016\/j.jdent.2020.103497","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2019.02.012","article-title":"Chlorhexidine exposure of clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae strains leads to acquired resistance to this disinfectant and to colistin","volume":"53","author":"Zhang Y","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Xu C, et al.. Chlorhexidine exposure of clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae strains leads to acquired resistance to this disinfectant and to colistin. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2019, 53:864-7. 10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2019.02.012","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jds.2012.05.003","article-title":"Two percent chitosan mouthwash: a microbiological and clinical comparative study","volume":"7","author":"Uraz A","year":"2012","unstructured":"Uraz A, Boynuegri D, \u00d6zcan G, et al.. Two percent chitosan mouthwash: a microbiological and clinical comparative study. J Dent Sci. 2012, 7:342-349. 10.1016\/j.jds.2012.05.003","journal-title":"J Dent Sci"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-2218","article-title":"Clinicomicrobiological evaluation of 2% chitosan mouthwashes on dental plaque","volume":"19","author":"Mhaske SP","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mhaske SP, Ambiti R, Jagga U, Paul U, Shanmukappa SM, Iska D. Clinicomicrobiological evaluation of 2% chitosan mouthwashes on dental plaque. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2018, 19:94-7. 10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-2218","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/302418-comparative-evaluation-of-efficacy-of-chitosan-and-chlorhexidine-mouthwash-in-plaque-control-and-gingivitis-an-observational-study","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T08:37:59Z","timestamp":1728031079000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/302418-comparative-evaluation-of-efficacy-of-chitosan-and-chlorhexidine-mouthwash-in-plaque-control-and-gingivitis-an-observational-study"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]]},"references-count":20,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.70810","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]]}}}