{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T04:22:06Z","timestamp":1729657326719,"version":"3.28.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.72129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]],"date-time":"2024-10-22T15:08:08Z","timestamp":1729609688000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Acquired Type 1 Brugada Syndrome Induced by Chronic High-Dose Kratom Use"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Holton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Sanchez Corredera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Haidar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramon G","family":"Valentin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donny","family":"Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Boccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.52.916","article-title":"Chemistry and pharmacology of analgesic indole alkaloids from the rubiaceous plant, Mitragyna speciosa","volume":"52","author":"Takayama H","year":"2004","unstructured":"Takayama H. Chemistry and pharmacology of analgesic indole alkaloids from the rubiaceous plant, Mitragyna speciosa. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2004, 52:916-28. 10.1248\/cpb.52.916","journal-title":"Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo)"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2008.02209.x","article-title":"Self-treatment of opioid withdrawal using kratom (Mitragynia speciosa korth)","volume":"103","author":"Boyer EW","year":"2008","unstructured":"Boyer EW, Babu KM, Adkins JE, McCurdy CR, Halpern JH. Self-treatment of opioid withdrawal using kratom (Mitragynia speciosa korth). Addiction. 2008, 103:1048-50. 10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2008.02209.x","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450121666200719011653","article-title":"Kratom dependence and treatment options: a comprehensive review of the literature","volume":"21","author":"Bin Abdullah MF","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bin Abdullah MF. Kratom dependence and treatment options: a comprehensive review of the literature. Curr Drug Targets. 2020, 21:1566-79. 10.2174\/1389450121666200719011653","journal-title":"Curr Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20146425","article-title":"Examining the psychoactive differences between kratom strains","volume":"20","author":"Huisman G","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huisman G, Menke M, Grundmann O, Schreiber R, Mason N. Examining the psychoactive differences between kratom strains. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023, 20:10.3390\/ijerph20146425","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-020-00151-x","article-title":"Kratom-pharmacology, clinical implications, and outlook: a comprehensive review","volume":"9","author":"Eastlack SC","year":"2020","unstructured":"Eastlack SC, Cornett EM, Kaye AD. Kratom-pharmacology, clinical implications, and outlook: a comprehensive review. Pain Ther. 2020, 9:55-69. 10.1007\/s40122-020-00151-x","journal-title":"Pain Ther"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkz108","article-title":"CYP450-mediated metabolism of mitragynine and investigation of metabolites in human urine","volume":"44","author":"Basiliere S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Basiliere S, Kerrigan S. CYP450-mediated metabolism of mitragynine and investigation of metabolites in human urine. J Anal Toxicol. 2020, 44:301-13. 10.1093\/jat\/bkz108","journal-title":"J Anal Toxicol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0115648","article-title":"Evaluation of the cardiotoxicity of mitragynine and its analogues using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes","volume":"9","author":"Lu J","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lu J, Wei H, Wu J, et al.. Evaluation of the cardiotoxicity of mitragynine and its analogues using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. PLoS One. 2014, 9:e115648. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0115648","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2010.08.026","article-title":"Mutations in the cardiac L-type calcium channel associated with inherited J-wave syndromes and sudden cardiac death","volume":"7","author":"Burashnikov E","year":"2010","unstructured":"Burashnikov E, Pfeiffer R, Barajas-Martinez H, et al.. Mutations in the cardiac L-type calcium channel associated with inherited J-wave syndromes and sudden cardiac death. Heart Rhythm. 2010, 7:1872-82. 10.1016\/j.hrthm.2010.08.026","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0042037","article-title":"SCN5A mutations in Brugada syndrome are associated with increased cardiac dimensions and reduced contractility","volume":"7","author":"van Hoorn F","year":"2012","unstructured":"van Hoorn F, Campian ME, Spijkerboer A, et al.. SCN5A mutations in Brugada syndrome are associated with increased cardiac dimensions and reduced contractility. PLoS One. 2012, 7:e42037. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0042037","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euad122.608","article-title":"Positive Ajmaline provocation test for Brugada syndrome: acute and long-term outcomes","volume":"25","author":"Sabbag A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sabbag A, Tomer O, Ozkartal T, et al.. Positive Ajmaline provocation test for Brugada syndrome: acute and long-term outcomes. Europace. 2023, 25:euad122.608. 10.1093\/europace\/euad122.608","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15420\/ecr.2014.9.2.82","article-title":"The Brugada syndrome - diagnosis, clinical implications and risk stratification","volume":"9","author":"Batchvarov VN","year":"2014","unstructured":"Batchvarov VN. The Brugada syndrome - diagnosis, clinical implications and risk stratification. Eur Cardiol. 2014, 9:82-7. 10.15420\/ecr.2014.9.2.82","journal-title":"Eur Cardiol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(22)03526-4","article-title":"A case of type 1 Brugada pattern unmasked by chronic kratom use","volume":"79","author":"Diab M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Diab M, Nand N, Tong Q, Daley P, Karki S, Taylor S, Rao M. A case of type 1 Brugada pattern unmasked by chronic kratom use. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022, 79:2535. 10.1016\/S0735-1097(22)03526-4","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(23)03243-6","article-title":"Brugada syndrome in setting of kratom use","volume":"81","author":"Hussain F","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hussain F, Witt M, Moazez C, Yatskowitz JP, Andre P, Bestawros M. Brugada syndrome in setting of kratom use. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023, 81:2799. 10.1016\/S0735-1097(23)03243-6","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2023.07.336","article-title":"A unique presentation of Brugada syndrome unmasked by chronic kratom use","volume":"4","author":"Rahman SU","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rahman SU, Gill SI, Chen T, Khalil MH. A unique presentation of Brugada syndrome unmasked by chronic kratom use. Chest. 2023, 4:A414. 10.1016\/j.chest.2023.07.336","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.726003","article-title":"The adverse cardiovascular effects and cardiotoxicity of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.): a comprehensive review","volume":"12","author":"Leong Bin Abdullah MF","year":"2021","unstructured":"Leong Bin Abdullah MF, Singh D. The adverse cardiovascular effects and cardiotoxicity of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.): a comprehensive review. Front Pharmacol. 2021, 12:726003. 10.3389\/fphar.2021.726003","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/311646-acquired-type-1-brugada-syndrome-induced-by-chronic-high-dose-kratom-use","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]],"date-time":"2024-10-22T15:08:10Z","timestamp":1729609690000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/311646-acquired-type-1-brugada-syndrome-induced-by-chronic-high-dose-kratom-use"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]]},"references-count":15,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.72129","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]]}}}