{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T17:07:34Z","timestamp":1792084054477,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.73458","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T17:31:12Z","timestamp":1731346272000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Severe Sinus Bradycardia in Anorexia Nervosa: A Case Report and Focused Review of Cardiovascular Complications"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Jamal  A","family":"Allam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rayan","family":"Abou Zeid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2014.971458","article-title":"An update on evidence-based psychosocial treatments for eating disorders in children and adolescents","volume":"44","author":"Lock J","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lock J. An update on evidence-based psychosocial treatments for eating disorders in children and adolescents. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2015, 44:707-21. 10.1080\/15374416.2014.971458","journal-title":"J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.22","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in adolescents. Results from the national comorbidity survey replication adolescent supplement","volume":"68","author":"Swanson SA","year":"2011","unstructured":"Swanson SA, Crow SJ, Le Grange D, Swendsen J, Merikangas KR. Prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in adolescents. Results from the national comorbidity survey replication adolescent supplement. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2011, 68:714-23. 10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.22","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-023-02585-1","article-title":"Genome-wide analysis of anorexia nervosa and major psychiatric disorders and related traits reveals genetic overlap and identifies novel risk loci for anorexia nervosa","volume":"13","author":"Bang L","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bang L, Bahrami S, Hindley G, et al.. Genome-wide analysis of anorexia nervosa and major psychiatric disorders and related traits reveals genetic overlap and identifies novel risk loci for anorexia nervosa. Transl Psychiatry. 2023, 13:291. 10.1038\/s41398-023-02585-1","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291712002620","article-title":"Update on the treatment of anorexia nervosa: review of clinical trials, practice guidelines and emerging interventions","volume":"43","author":"Watson HJ","year":"2013","unstructured":"Watson HJ, Bulik CM. Update on the treatment of anorexia nervosa: review of clinical trials, practice guidelines and emerging interventions. Psychol Med. 2013, 43:2477-500. 10.1017\/S0033291712002620","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20904","article-title":"Anorexia nervosa and the long-term risk of mortality in women","volume":"20","author":"Auger N","year":"2021","unstructured":"Auger N, Potter BJ, Ukah UV, et al.. Anorexia nervosa and the long-term risk of mortality in women. World Psychiatry. 2021, 20:448-9. 10.1002\/wps.20904","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1334138","article-title":"The significance of bradycardia in anorexia nervosa","volume":"22","author":"Yahalom M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yahalom M, Spitz M, Sandler L, Heno N, Roguin N, Turgeman Y. The significance of bradycardia in anorexia nervosa. Int J Angiol. 2013, 22:83-94. 10.1055\/s-0033-1334138","journal-title":"Int J Angiol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/apc.apc_258_20","article-title":"Cardiac complications of malnutrition in adolescent patients: a narrative review of contemporary literature","volume":"14","author":"Burns J","year":"2021","unstructured":"Burns J, Shank C, Ganigara M, Saldanha N, Dhar A. Cardiac complications of malnutrition in adolescent patients: a narrative review of contemporary literature. Ann Pediatr Cardiol. 2021, 14:501-6. 10.4103\/apc.apc_258_20","journal-title":"Ann Pediatr Cardiol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1054-139x(02)00533-5","article-title":"Resolution of vital sign instability: an objective measure of medical stability in anorexia nervosa","volume":"32","author":"Shamim T","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shamim T, Golden NH, Arden M, Filiberto L, Shenker IR. Resolution of vital sign instability: an objective measure of medical stability in anorexia nervosa. J Adolesc Health. 2003, 32:73-7. 10.1016\/s1054-139x(02)00533-5","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.03.040","article-title":"The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication","volume":"61","author":"Hudson JI","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hudson JI, Hiripi E, Pope HG Jr, Kessler RC. The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biol Psychiatry. 2007, 61:348-58. 10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.03.040","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.74","article-title":"Mortality rates in patients with anorexia nervosa and other eating disorders. A meta-analysis of 36 studies","volume":"68","author":"Arcelus J","year":"2011","unstructured":"Arcelus J, Mitchell AJ, Wales J, Nielsen S. Mortality rates in patients with anorexia nervosa and other eating disorders. A meta-analysis of 36 studies. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2011, 68:724-31. 10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.74","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2015.06.031","article-title":"Medical complications of anorexia nervosa and bulimia","volume":"129","author":"Westmoreland P","year":"2016","unstructured":"Westmoreland P, Krantz MJ, Mehler PS. Medical complications of anorexia nervosa and bulimia. Am J Med. 2016, 129:30-7. 10.1016\/j.amjmed.2015.06.031","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-022-00654-2","article-title":"Psychiatric and medical comorbidities of eating disorders: findings from a rapid review of the literature","volume":"10","author":"Hambleton A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hambleton A, Pepin G, Le A, Maloney D, Touyz S, Maguire S. Psychiatric and medical comorbidities of eating disorders: findings from a rapid review of the literature. J Eat Disord. 2022, 10:132. 10.1186\/s40337-022-00654-2","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-015-7659-x","article-title":"Neurogenic muscle cramps","volume":"262","author":"Katzberg HD","year":"2015","unstructured":"Katzberg HD. Neurogenic muscle cramps. J Neurol. 2015, 262:1814-21. 10.1007\/s00415-015-7659-x","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Bradycardia: an important physical finding in anorexia nervosa","volume":"107","author":"Portilla MG","year":"2011","unstructured":"Portilla MG. Bradycardia: an important physical finding in anorexia nervosa. J Ark Med Soc. 2011, 107:206-8.","journal-title":"J Ark Med Soc"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/jelc.2001.25134","article-title":"The 12-lead electrocardiogram in anorexia nervosa: a report of 2 cases followed by a retrospective study","volume":"34","author":"Vanderdonckt O","year":"2001","unstructured":"Vanderdonckt O, Lambert M, Montero MC, Boland B, Brohet C. The 12-lead electrocardiogram in anorexia nervosa: a report of 2 cases followed by a retrospective study. J Electrocardiol. 2001, 34:233-42. 10.1054\/jelc.2001.25134","journal-title":"J Electrocardiol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a060636","article-title":"Cardiac vagal hyperactivity in adolescent anorexia nervosa","volume":"15","author":"Kollai M","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kollai M, Bonyhay I, Jokkel G, Szonyi L. Cardiac vagal hyperactivity in adolescent anorexia nervosa. Eur Heart J. 1994, 15:1113-8. 10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a060636","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcped.2009.10.026","article-title":"Rapid malnutrition in patient with anorexia nervosa: experience of a general pediatric department. [Article in French]","volume":"17","author":"Cros G","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cros G, Sznajder M, Meuric S, Mignot C, Chevallier B, Stheneur C. Rapid malnutrition in patient with anorexia nervosa: experience of a general pediatric department. [Article in French]. Arch Pediatr. 2010, 17:112-7. 10.1016\/j.arcped.2009.10.026","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2010.138","article-title":"Malnutrition and hemodynamic status in adolescents hospitalized for anorexia nervosa","volume":"164","author":"DiVasta AD","year":"2010","unstructured":"DiVasta AD, Walls CE, Feldman HA, Quach AE, Woods ER, Gordon CM, Alexander ME. Malnutrition and hemodynamic status in adolescents hospitalized for anorexia nervosa. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2010, 164:706-13. 10.1001\/archpediatrics.2010.138","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2018.08.019","article-title":"Predictors of complications in anorexia nervosa and atypical anorexia nervosa: degree of underweight or extent and recency of weight loss?","volume":"63","author":"Whitelaw M","year":"2018","unstructured":"Whitelaw M, Lee KJ, Gilbertson H, Sawyer SM. Predictors of complications in anorexia nervosa and atypical anorexia nervosa: degree of underweight or extent and recency of weight loss?. J Adolesc Health. 2018, 63:717-23. 10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2018.08.019","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2016.04.005","article-title":"Eating disorders in adolescent and young adult males: presenting characteristics","volume":"59","author":"Vo M","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vo M, Lau J, Rubinstein M. Eating disorders in adolescent and young adult males: presenting characteristics. J Adolesc Health. 2016, 59:397-400. 10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2016.04.005","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.58.3.425","article-title":"Effects of self-induced starvation on cardiac size and function in anorexia nervosa","volume":"58","author":"Gottdiener JS","year":"1978","unstructured":"Gottdiener JS, Gross HA, Henry WL, Borer JS, Ebert MH. Effects of self-induced starvation on cardiac size and function in anorexia nervosa. Circulation. 1978, 58:425-33. 10.1161\/01.cir.58.3.425","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0300-8932(03)76937-1","article-title":"Cardiac disorders in young women with anorexia nervosa. [Article in Spanish]","volume":"56","author":"V\u00e1zquez M","year":"2003","unstructured":"V\u00e1zquez M, Olivares JL, Fleta J, Lacambra I, Gonz\u00e1lez M. Cardiac disorders in young women with anorexia nervosa. [Article in Spanish]. Rev Esp Cardiol. 2003, 56:669-73. 10.1016\/s0300-8932(03)76937-1","journal-title":"Rev Esp Cardiol"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Intrinsic sinus node dysfunction in adolescence during anorexia nervosa. [Article in French]","volume":"90","author":"Tarlet JM","year":"1997","unstructured":"Tarlet JM, Boccara G, Foltzer E, Rahal Y, Pochon P, Jouve B, Barnay C. Intrinsic sinus node dysfunction in adolescence during anorexia nervosa. [Article in French]. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. 1997, 90:1545-8.","journal-title":"Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"Sinus bradycardia in anorexia nervosa. [Article in Spanish]","volume":"17","author":"L\u00f3pez-Guzm\u00e1n A","year":"2002","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-Guzm\u00e1n A, Taboada F, Alvarez Escol\u00e1 C. Sinus bradycardia in anorexia nervosa. [Article in Spanish]. Nutr Hosp. 2002, 17:46-7.","journal-title":"Nutr Hosp"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20647","article-title":"Second-degree atrioventricular block (Mobitz Type I) in an adolescent with anorexia nervosa: intrinsic or acquired conduction abnormality","volume":"42","author":"Kanbur NO","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kanbur NO, Goldberg E, Pinhas L, Hamilton RM, Clegg R, Katzman DK. Second-degree atrioventricular block (Mobitz Type I) in an adolescent with anorexia nervosa: intrinsic or acquired conduction abnormality. Int J Eat Disord. 2009, 42:575-8. 10.1002\/eat.20647","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/313180-severe-sinus-bradycardia-in-anorexia-nervosa-a-case-report-and-focused-review-of-cardiovascular-complications","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T17:31:14Z","timestamp":1731346274000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/313180-severe-sinus-bradycardia-in-anorexia-nervosa-a-case-report-and-focused-review-of-cardiovascular-complications"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]]},"references-count":25,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.73458","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]]}}}