{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T10:01:27Z","timestamp":1778320887131,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.75604","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T19:29:57Z","timestamp":1734031797000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Rare Case of Bladder Melanosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Ben","family":"Walters","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Srinath","family":"Ileperuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andleeb","family":"Abrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Fani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Merriam-Webster. melanosis. Accessed: December 4, 2024: https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/medical\/melanosis."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43162-021-00052-1","article-title":"Melanosis coli: a case report","volume":"33","author":"Anoop KV","year":"2021","unstructured":"Anoop KV. Melanosis coli: a case report. Egypt J Intern Med. 2021, 33:23. 10.1186\/s43162-021-00052-1","journal-title":"Egypt J Intern Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2008.05.039","article-title":"High-grade transitional cell carcinoma and melanosis of urinary bladder: case report and review of the literature","volume":"73","author":"Sanborn SL","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sanborn SL, MacLennan G, Cooney MM, Zhou M, Ponsky LE. High-grade transitional cell carcinoma and melanosis of urinary bladder: case report and review of the literature. Urology. 2009, 73:928.e13-5. 10.1016\/j.urology.2008.05.039","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-5347(17)44743-4","article-title":"Multifocal pigmentation of prostatic and bladder urothelium","volume":"136","author":"Alroy J","year":"1986","unstructured":"Alroy J, Ucci AA, Heaney JA, Mitcheson HD, Gavris VE, Woods W. Multifocal pigmentation of prostatic and bladder urothelium. J Urol. 1986, 136:96-7. 10.1016\/s0022-5347(17)44743-4","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10668969231166301","article-title":"Urinary bladder \"melanosis\": a case report and review of the literature","volume":"32","author":"Cao Q","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cao Q, Goldenberg M, Aron M, Wang T. Urinary bladder \"melanosis\": a case report and review of the literature. Int J Surg Pathol. 2024, 32:104-8. 10.1177\/10668969231166301","journal-title":"Int J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43159-022-00172-5","article-title":"Acquired childhood bladder melanosis","volume":"18","author":"Varik RS","year":"2022","unstructured":"Varik RS, Al-Adhani M, Taghizadeh A. Acquired childhood bladder melanosis. Ann Pediatr Surg. 2022, 18:35. 10.1186\/s43159-022-00172-5","journal-title":"Ann Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)68958-6","article-title":"Simple melanosis of the bladder","volume":"161","author":"Rossen K","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rossen K, Petersen MM. Simple melanosis of the bladder. J Urol. 1999, 161:1564.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gastre.2020.01.002","article-title":"Melanosis coli: a comprehensive review","volume":"43","author":"Yang N","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang N, Ruan M, Jin S. Melanosis coli: a comprehensive review. Gastroent Hepat. 2020, 43:266-72. 10.1016\/j.gastre.2020.01.002","journal-title":"Gastroent Hepat"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eucr.2022.102309","article-title":"Synchronous melanosis of upper and lower urinary tract","volume":"46","author":"Alzubaidi AN","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alzubaidi AN, Sekoulopoulos S, Birk A, Pham JT, Washburn E, Knoedler JJ. Synchronous melanosis of upper and lower urinary tract. Urol Case Rep. 2023, 46:102309. 10.1016\/j.eucr.2022.102309","journal-title":"Urol Case Rep"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.24204","article-title":"Lipofuscin pigmentation (so called \"melanosis\") of the bladder","volume":"47","author":"Atieh M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Atieh M, McIntire PJ, Kilic I, Picken MM, Flanigan RC, Barkan GA, Pambuccian SE. Lipofuscin pigmentation (so called \"melanosis\") of the bladder. Diagn Cytopathol. 2019, 47:968-71. 10.1002\/dc.24204","journal-title":"Diagn Cytopathol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-5347(05)68841-6","article-title":"Melanosis vesica urinaria: is it a premalignant lesion?","volume":"161","author":"Chong FK","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chong FK, Wolfe GZ, Coukos WJ. Melanosis vesica urinaria: is it a premalignant lesion?. J Urol. 1999, 161:1904-5. 10.1016\/s0022-5347(05)68841-6","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eucr.2022.102193","article-title":"An extremely rare case of pseudomelanosis of the urinary bladder","volume":"45","author":"Duijn M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Duijn M, Croonen SL, Van der Zee JA. An extremely rare case of pseudomelanosis of the urinary bladder. Urol Case Rep. 2022, 45:102193. 10.1016\/j.eucr.2022.102193","journal-title":"Urol Case Rep"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6221499","article-title":"Melanosis of the bladder: possible pathogenetic mechanism","volume":"2022","author":"Dupey JE","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dupey JE, Wood SJ, Ball RY. Melanosis of the bladder: possible pathogenetic mechanism. Case Rep Urol. 2022, 2022:6221499. 10.1155\/2022\/6221499","journal-title":"Case Rep Urol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-919095","article-title":"Melanosis of the urinary bladder--a case report with 10 years of follow-up and review of literature [Article in German]","volume":"37","author":"Engelhardt PF","year":"2006","unstructured":"Engelhardt PF, Hohlbrugger G, Riedl CR. Melanosis of the urinary bladder--a case report with 10 years of follow-up and review of literature [Article in German]. Aktuelle Urol. 2006, 37:222-4. 10.1055\/s-2005-919095","journal-title":"Aktuelle Urol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000098082","article-title":"Melanosis of the bladder: a rare endoscopic and histopathological finding","volume":"78","author":"Di Fiore F","year":"2007","unstructured":"Di Fiore F, Pone D, Domizio S, Uricchio F, Tufano A, Testa G, Lamendola A. Melanosis of the bladder: a rare endoscopic and histopathological finding. Urol Int. 2007, 78:185-7. 10.1159\/000098082","journal-title":"Urol Int"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.14313","article-title":"Extensive hard palate hyperpigmentation associated with chloroquine use","volume":"86","author":"Godinho GV","year":"2020","unstructured":"Godinho GV, Paz AL, de Ara\u00fajo Gomes EP, Garcia CL, Volpato LE. Extensive hard palate hyperpigmentation associated with chloroquine use. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2020, 86:2325-7. 10.1111\/bcp.14313","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2009.0603","article-title":"An unusual and rare case of urinary bladder melanosis","volume":"24","author":"Sen Gupta R","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sen Gupta R, Seidl E, Oberpenning F. An unusual and rare case of urinary bladder melanosis. J Endourol. 2010, 24:525-6. 10.1089\/end.2009.0603","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00120-023-02127-z","article-title":"Melanosis of the bladder-a\u00a0rare diagnosis [Article in German]","volume":"62","author":"Hagmann S","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hagmann S, Born D, Schmid HP, R\u00fchrup J. Melanosis of the bladder-a\u00a0rare diagnosis [Article in German]. Urologie. 2023, 62:1200-3. 10.1007\/s00120-023-02127-z","journal-title":"Urologie"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22374\/jeleu.v5i1.136","article-title":"Bladder melanosis","volume":"5","author":"Hogan D","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hogan D, Mayer N, Hennessey DB. Bladder melanosis. J Endolum Endourol. 2022, 5:5-10. 10.22374\/jeleu.v5i1.136","journal-title":"J Endolum Endourol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-1596-4-24","article-title":"A unique case of urinary bladder simple melanosis: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"4","author":"Jin B","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jin B, Zaidi SY, Hollowell M, Hollowell C, Saleh H. A unique case of urinary bladder simple melanosis: a case report and review of the literature. Diagn Pathol. 2009, 4:24. 10.1186\/1746-1596-4-24","journal-title":"Diagn Pathol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eucr.2020.101283","article-title":"Melanosis of the bladder: A rare diagnosis","volume":"33","author":"Lopategui DM","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lopategui DM, Griffith RC, Santos Cortes J. Melanosis of the bladder: A rare diagnosis. Urol Case Rep. 2020, 33:101283. 10.1016\/j.eucr.2020.101283","journal-title":"Urol Case Rep"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0210-4806(04)73144-7","article-title":"Melanosis of the bladder: a very uncommon entity [Article in Spanish]","volume":"28","author":"Palmero Mart\u00ed JL","year":"2004","unstructured":"Palmero Mart\u00ed JL, Arlandis Guzm\u00e1n S, Broseta Rico E, Guillen Navarro M, Salom Fuster JV, Jim\u00e9nez Cruz JF. Melanosis of the bladder: a very uncommon entity [Article in Spanish]. Actas Urol Esp. 2004, 28:614-6. 10.1016\/s0210-4806(04)73144-7","journal-title":"Actas Urol Esp"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2018-224361","article-title":"Unusual case of simple urinary bladder melanosis with complete resolution","volume":"2018","author":"Mera Z","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mera Z, Patel S, Qassid O, England R. Unusual case of simple urinary bladder melanosis with complete resolution. BMJ Case Rep. 2018, 2018:10.1136\/bcr-2018-224361","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"Urinary bladder melanosis associated with urothelial dysplasia and invasive urothelial carcinoma: a report of two cases","volume":"35","author":"Patel P","year":"2013","unstructured":"Patel P, Gotto G, Kavanagh A, Al Bashir S, Bismar TA, Trpkov K. Urinary bladder melanosis associated with urothelial dysplasia and invasive urothelial carcinoma: a report of two cases. Anal Quant Cytopathol Histpathol. 2013, 35:294-300.","journal-title":"Anal Quant Cytopathol Histpathol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eucr.2019.100916","article-title":"Melanosis of bladder: a rare entity","volume":"27","author":"Sawalem K","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sawalem K, Mehdi MZ, Ansari AH, Ramadan AN. Melanosis of bladder: a rare entity. Urol Case Rep. 2019, 27:100916. 10.1016\/j.eucr.2019.100916","journal-title":"Urol Case Rep"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1066896909352863","article-title":"Simple melanosis of the bladder: a rare entity","volume":"18","author":"Talmon GA","year":"2010","unstructured":"Talmon GA, Khan AU, Koerber RK, Johansson SL. Simple melanosis of the bladder: a rare entity. Int J Surg Pathol. 2010, 18:547-9. 10.1177\/1066896909352863","journal-title":"Int J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e32834274ce","article-title":"Urinary bladder melanosis: case report of a rare mucosal lesion","volume":"43","author":"Willys CB","year":"2011","unstructured":"Willys CB, Winkle DC, Kerr KM. Urinary bladder melanosis: case report of a rare mucosal lesion. Pathology. 2011, 43:164-6. 10.1097\/PAT.0b013e32834274ce","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00120-015-3953-6","article-title":"Melanosis of the urinary bladder [Article in German]","volume":"55","author":"W\u00f6llner J","year":"2016","unstructured":"W\u00f6llner J, Janzen J, Pannek J. Melanosis of the urinary bladder [Article in German]. Urologe A. 2016, 55:68-70. 10.1007\/s00120-015-3953-6","journal-title":"Urologe A"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqad150.097","article-title":"Incidental bladder melanosis with chronic cystitis","volume":"160","author":"Asad M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Asad M, Vidhun R, Okby N. Incidental bladder melanosis with chronic cystitis. Am J Clin Pathol. 2023, 160:43. 10.1093\/ajcp\/aqad150.097","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1308\/003588412X13171221589135","article-title":"Urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma and melanosis of the bladder: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"94","author":"Harikrishnan JA","year":"2012","unstructured":"Harikrishnan JA, Chilka S, Jain S. Urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma and melanosis of the bladder: a case report and review of the literature. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2012, 94:e152-4. 10.1308\/003588412X13171221589135","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12301-023-00367-1","article-title":"Urinary bladder melanosis with complete resolution case report","volume":"29","author":"Mateescu DI","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mateescu DI, Dahir H, Goel A, Ray E, Madaan S. Urinary bladder melanosis with complete resolution case report. Afr J Urol. 2023, 29:37. 10.1186\/s12301-023-00367-1","journal-title":"Afr J Urol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eucr.2017.09.001","article-title":"Bladder melanosis with concurrent urothelial carcinoma","volume":"15","author":"Yau SE","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yau SE, Singer EJ, Sun Y, Johnson MH. Bladder melanosis with concurrent urothelial carcinoma. Urol Case Rep. 2017, 15:30-2. 10.1016\/j.eucr.2017.09.001","journal-title":"Urol Case Rep"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"Multifocal malignant melanoma arising in vesicovaginal melanosis","volume":"115","author":"Kerley SW","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kerley SW, Blute ML, Keeney GL. Multifocal malignant melanoma arising in vesicovaginal melanosis. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1991, 115:950-2.","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-5347(17)49927-7","article-title":"Malignant melanoma of the genitourinary tract","volume":"132","author":"Stein BS","year":"1984","unstructured":"Stein BS, Kendall AR. Malignant melanoma of the genitourinary tract. J Urol. 1984, 132:859-68. 10.1016\/s0022-5347(17)49927-7","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197604)37:4<1928::aid-cncr2820370444>3.0.co;2-w","article-title":"Primary malignant melanoma of the urinary bladder","volume":"37","author":"Ainsworth AM","year":"1976","unstructured":"Ainsworth AM, Clark WH, Mastrangelo M, Conger KB. Primary malignant melanoma of the urinary bladder. Cancer. 1976, 37:1928-36. 10.1002\/1097-0142(197604)37:4&lt;1928::aid-cncr2820370444&gt;3.0.co;2-w","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-014-0416-0","article-title":"Duration and intensity of tobacco smoking and the risk of papillary and non-papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder","volume":"25","author":"Polesel J","year":"2014","unstructured":"Polesel J, Bosetti C, di Maso M, et al.. Duration and intensity of tobacco smoking and the risk of papillary and non-papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Cancer Causes Control. 2014, 25:1151-8. 10.1007\/s10552-014-0416-0","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/325665-a-rare-case-of-bladder-melanosis-a-case-report-and-review-of-the-literature","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T19:30:00Z","timestamp":1734031800000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/325665-a-rare-case-of-bladder-melanosis-a-case-report-and-review-of-the-literature"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]},"references-count":36,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.75604","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]}}}