{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T15:15:12Z","timestamp":1791213312993,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.75957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T18:03:56Z","timestamp":1734545036000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Beyond Classic Leprosy: Exploring Atypical Manifestations and Their Diagnostic Challenges"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Aruna","family":"Bathina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haritha","family":"Kollipara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gedela","family":"Sravani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijaya Sree","family":"Laxmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.53854\/liim-2904-18","article-title":"Mycobacterium leprae: a historical study on the origins of leprosy and its social stigma","volume":"29","author":"Santacroce L","year":"2021","unstructured":"Santacroce L, Del Prete R, Charitos IA, Bottalico L. Mycobacterium leprae: a historical study on the origins of leprosy and its social stigma. Infez Med. 2021, 29:623-32. 10.53854\/liim-2904-18","journal-title":"Infez Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.762263","article-title":"One health approaches to trace Mycobacterium leprae's zoonotic potential through time","volume":"12","author":"Urban C","year":"2021","unstructured":"Urban C, Blom AA, Pfrengle S, Walker-Meikle K, Stone AC, Inskip SA, Schuenemann VJ. One health approaches to trace Mycobacterium leprae's zoonotic potential through time. Front Microbiol. 2021, 12:762263. 10.3389\/fmicb.2021.762263","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10354-017-0590-2","article-title":"A\u00a0synopsis of the history of Hansen's disease","volume":"167","author":"Couto Dal Secco RG","year":"2017","unstructured":"Couto Dal Secco RG, Fran\u00e7a K, Castillo D, AlHarbi M, Lotti T, Fioranelli M, Roccia MG. A\u00a0synopsis of the history of Hansen's disease. Wien Med Wochenschr. 2017, 167:27-30. 10.1007\/s10354-017-0590-2","journal-title":"Wien Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_187_19","article-title":"Are we witnessing a paradigm shift in leprosy: two atypical presentations of histoid Hansen's disease","volume":"9","author":"Pathania V","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pathania V, Singh J, Sinha A, Kothari R, Baveja S, Shankar P. Are we witnessing a paradigm shift in leprosy: two atypical presentations of histoid Hansen's disease. Int J Mycobacteriol. 2020, 9:103-6. 10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_187_19","journal-title":"Int J Mycobacteriol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2021.101634","article-title":"Leprosy case series in the emergency room: a warning sign for a challenging diagnosis","volume":"25","author":"Bernardes-Filho F","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bernardes-Filho F, Lima FR, Voltan G, de Paula NA, Frade MA. Leprosy case series in the emergency room: a warning sign for a challenging diagnosis. Braz J Infect Dis. 2021, 25:101634. 10.1016\/j.bjid.2021.101634","journal-title":"Braz J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqac110","article-title":"Leprosy caused by Mycobacterium lepromatosis: literature review and report of a family in Acapulco, Mexico","volume":"158","author":"Romero-Navarrete M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Romero-Navarrete M, Arenas R, Han XY, Vega-Memije ME, Castillo-Solana AD. Leprosy caused by Mycobacterium lepromatosis: literature review and report of a family in Acapulco, Mexico . Am J Clin Pathol. 2022, 158:678-86. 10.1093\/ajcp\/aqac110","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Ridley-Jopling 5-group classification of leprosy: correlations of parameters of the classification in 1,429 leprosy patients","volume":"47","author":"Meyers WM","year":"1979","unstructured":"Meyers WM, Heggie CD, Kay TL, Staple EM, Kvernes S. Ridley-Jopling 5-group classification of leprosy: correlations of parameters of the classification in 1,429 leprosy patients. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. 1979, 47:683-4.","journal-title":"Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/idoj.IDOJ_282_17","article-title":"Current situation of leprosy in India and its future implications","volume":"9","author":"Rao PN","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rao PN, Suneetha S. Current situation of leprosy in India and its future implications. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2018, 9:83-9. 10.4103\/idoj.IDOJ_282_17","journal-title":"Indian Dermatol Online J"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"Leprosy situation in endemic states of India and prospects of elimination of the disease","volume":"75","author":"Subramanian M","year":"2003","unstructured":"Subramanian M, Showkath Ali MK, Thorat DM, Muthukumar M, Sathiskumar E, Ramadoss C, Ali Khan M. Leprosy situation in endemic states of India and prospects of elimination of the disease. Indian J Lepr. 2003, 75:335-45.","journal-title":"Indian J Lepr"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_3247_21","article-title":"Epidemiological scenario of leprosy in marginalized communities of India: focus on scheduled tribes","volume":"156","author":"Sharma M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sharma M, Singh P. Epidemiological scenario of leprosy in marginalized communities of India: focus on scheduled tribes. Indian J Med Res. 2022, 156:218-27. 10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_3247_21","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.19.2.338-381.2006","article-title":"The continuing challenges of leprosy","volume":"19","author":"Scollard DM","year":"2006","unstructured":"Scollard DM, Adams LB, Gillis TP, Krahenbuhl JL, Truman RW, Williams DL. The continuing challenges of leprosy. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2006, 19:338-81. 10.1128\/CMR.19.2.338-381.2006","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-02760220150","article-title":"Progressive neuropathy in patients with lepromatous leprosy after multidrug therapy","volume":"117","author":"Penna PS","year":"2023","unstructured":"Penna PS, Pitta IJ, Vital RT, et al.. Progressive neuropathy in patients with lepromatous leprosy after multidrug therapy. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2023, 117:e220150. 10.1590\/0074-02760220150","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"The histoid leproma","volume":"28","author":"Wade HW","year":"1960","unstructured":"Wade HW. The histoid leproma. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. 1960, 28:469.","journal-title":"Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5070\/D3222030092","article-title":"Wade histoid leprosy revisited","volume":"22","author":"Coelho de Sousa V","year":"2016","unstructured":"Coelho de Sousa V, Laureano A, Cardoso J. Wade histoid leprosy revisited. Dermatol Online J. 2016, 22:8. 10.5070\/D3222030092","journal-title":"Dermatol Online J"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2007.03233.x","article-title":"Wade's histoid leprosy: three clinical presentations","volume":"46","author":"Pereyra SB","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pereyra SB, Danielo CA, Ponssa GJ, Consigli JE, Papa MB, Ghirardi G. Wade's histoid leprosy: three clinical presentations. Int J Dermatol. 2007, 46:944-6. 10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2007.03233.x","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcae170","article-title":"Histoid leprosy","author":"Kaushal I","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kaushal I, Sharma A, Narang T, Chatterjee D, Vinay K. Histoid leprosy. QJM. 2024, hcae170. 10.1093\/qjmed\/hcae170","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01153-z","article-title":"Treatment and evaluation advances in leprosy neuropathy","volume":"18","author":"Ebenezer GJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ebenezer GJ, Scollard DM. Treatment and evaluation advances in leprosy neuropathy. Neurotherapeutics. 2021, 18:2337-50. 10.1007\/s13311-021-01153-z","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.07.008","article-title":"Mechanisms of nerve injury in leprosy","volume":"33","author":"Scollard DM","year":"2015","unstructured":"Scollard DM, Truman RW, Ebenezer GJ. Mechanisms of nerve injury in leprosy. Clin Dermatol. 2015, 33:46-54. 10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.07.008","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/318908-beyond-classic-leprosy-exploring-atypical-manifestations-and-their-diagnostic-challenges","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T18:04:00Z","timestamp":1734545040000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/318908-beyond-classic-leprosy-exploring-atypical-manifestations-and-their-diagnostic-challenges"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]]},"references-count":18,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.75957","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]]}}}