{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T19:20:09Z","timestamp":1789154409438,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.78620","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T13:22:27Z","timestamp":1738848147000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Two Japanese Cases of Breast Cancer That Developed Pembrolizumab-Induced Adrenal Insufficiency and Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Yuka","family":"Ozawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takaaki","family":"Tokito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariko","family":"Kikuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Katoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takafumi","family":"Sangai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2112651","article-title":"Event-free survival with pembrolizumab in early triple-negative breast cancer","volume":"386","author":"Schmid P","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schmid P, Cortes J, Dent R, et al.. Event-free survival with pembrolizumab in early triple-negative breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2022, 386:556-67. 10.1056\/NEJMoa2112651","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2017.3064","article-title":"Incidence of endocrine dysfunction following the use of different immune checkpoint inhibitor regimens: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Barroso-Sousa R","year":"2018","unstructured":"Barroso-Sousa R, Barry WT, Garrido-Castro AC, Hodi FS, Min L, Krop IE, Tolaney SM. Incidence of endocrine dysfunction following the use of different immune checkpoint inhibitor regimens: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Oncol. 2018, 4:173-82. 10.1001\/jamaoncol.2017.3064","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"PD-1\/PD-L1 pathway: Current researches in cancer","volume":"10","author":"Han Y","year":"2020","unstructured":"Han Y, Liu D, Li L. PD-1\/PD-L1 pathway: Current researches in cancer. Am J Cancer Res. 2020, 10:727-42.","journal-title":"Am J Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14694\/EdBook_AM.2015.35.76","article-title":"Managing immune checkpoint-blocking antibody side effects","volume":"35","author":"Postow MA","year":"2015","unstructured":"Postow MA. Managing immune checkpoint-blocking antibody side effects. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 2015, 35:76-83. 10.14694\/EdBook_AM.2015.35.76","journal-title":"Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-08-2424","article-title":"Melan-A-specific cytotoxic T cells are associated with tumor regression and autoimmunity following treatment with anti-CTLA-4","volume":"15","author":"Klein O","year":"2009","unstructured":"Klein O, Ebert LM, Nicholaou T, et al.. Melan-A-specific cytotoxic T cells are associated with tumor regression and autoimmunity following treatment with anti-CTLA-4. Clin Cancer Res. 2009, 15:2507-13. 10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-08-2424","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdw640","article-title":"Antibody-mediated thyroid dysfunction during T-cell checkpoint blockade in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer","volume":"28","author":"Osorio JC","year":"2017","unstructured":"Osorio JC, Ni A, Chaft JE, et al.. Antibody-mediated thyroid dysfunction during T-cell checkpoint blockade in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol. 2017, 28:583-9. 10.1093\/annonc\/mdw640","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3008002","article-title":"Pituitary expression of CTLA-4 mediates hypophysitis secondary to administration of CTLA-4 blocking antibody","volume":"6","author":"Iwama S","year":"2014","unstructured":"Iwama S, De Remigis A, Callahan MK, Slovin SF, Wolchok JD, Caturegli P. Pituitary expression of CTLA-4 mediates hypophysitis secondary to administration of CTLA-4 blocking antibody. Sci Transl Med. 2014, 6:230ra45. 10.1126\/scitranslmed.3008002","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2016.08.020","article-title":"Hypophysitis secondary to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 blockade: Insights into pathogenesis from an autopsy series","volume":"186","author":"Caturegli P","year":"2016","unstructured":"Caturegli P, Di Dalmazi G, Lombardi M, et al.. Hypophysitis secondary to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 blockade: Insights into pathogenesis from an autopsy series. Am J Pathol. 2016, 186:3225-35. 10.1016\/j.ajpath.2016.08.020","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.13927","article-title":"Recovery from insulin dependence in immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated diabetes mellitus: A case report","volume":"14","author":"Okubo M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Okubo M, Hataya Y, Fujimoto K, Iwakura T, Matsuoka N. Recovery from insulin dependence in immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated diabetes mellitus: A case report. J Diabetes Investig. 2023, 14:147-50. 10.1111\/jdi.13927","journal-title":"J Diabetes Investig"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11213\/tonyobyo.66.254","article-title":"A Case of fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus, secondary adrenal insufficiency, and hypothyroidism after pembrolizumab administration [Article in Japanese]","volume":"66","author":"Tanaka H","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tanaka H, Tanaka S, Sonoda K, et al.. A Case of fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus, secondary adrenal insufficiency, and hypothyroidism after pembrolizumab administration [Article in Japanese]. J Japan Diab Soc. 2023, 66:254-63. 10.11213\/tonyobyo.66.254","journal-title":"J Japan Diab Soc"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5833\/jjgs.2022.0047","article-title":"Effectiveness of pembrolizumab as second line therapy for metastatic colon cancer in an elderly patient [Article in Japanese]","volume":"56","author":"Nakamura A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nakamura A, Nakano M, Hirakawa Y, Katsumoto M, Nakayama H, Oshima K, Akagi Y. Effectiveness of pembrolizumab as second line therapy for metastatic colon cancer in an elderly patient [Article in Japanese]. Jpn J Gastroenterol Surg. 2023, 56:206-13. 10.5833\/jjgs.2022.0047","journal-title":"Jpn J Gastroenterol Surg"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11213\/tonyobyo.64.529","article-title":"A case of fulminant type 1 diabetes manifested after the treatment of adrenocortical insufficiency secondary to anti-programmed cell death-1 therapy [Article in Japanese]","volume":"64","author":"Kumagai J","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kumagai J, Kami S, Tsukagoshi A, Matsumoto A, Fujimoto M, Ono H, Yokote K. A case of fulminant type 1 diabetes manifested after the treatment of adrenocortical insufficiency secondary to anti-programmed cell death-1 therapy [Article in Japanese]. J Japan Diab Soc. 2021, 64:529-35. 10.11213\/tonyobyo.64.529","journal-title":"J Japan Diab Soc"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2482\/haigan.61.201","article-title":"A case of pulmonary adenocarcinoma continuously treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor despite repeated checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis [Article in Japanese]","volume":"61","author":"Yamashita S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yamashita S, Mitsumura T, Suzuki T, Sakakibara R, Honda T, Miyazaki Y. A case of pulmonary adenocarcinoma continuously treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor despite repeated checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis [Article in Japanese]. JJLC. 2021, 61:201-07. 10.2482\/haigan.61.201","journal-title":"JJLC"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"A case of lung adenocarcinoma that developed pembrolizumab-induced myasthenia gravis but in which the drug was able to be continuously administered [Article in Japanese]","volume":"9","author":"Ozasa M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ozasa M, Sawai T, Harada Y, Yoshioka S, Matsuo N, Mukae H. A case of lung adenocarcinoma that developed pembrolizumab-induced myasthenia gravis but in which the drug was able to be continuously administered [Article in Japanese]. JSRE. 2020, 9:454-57.","journal-title":"JSRE"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11213\/tonyobyo.63.521","article-title":"A case of type 1 diabetes mellitus developed hypopituitarism at around the same time after treatment with pembrolizumab [Article in Japanese]","volume":"63","author":"Ueda E","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ueda E, Doi H, Kurihara A, Tabeya T, Saito T, Tanaka S. A case of type 1 diabetes mellitus developed hypopituitarism at around the same time after treatment with pembrolizumab [Article in Japanese]. J Japan Diab Soc. 2020, 63:521-27. 10.11213\/tonyobyo.63.521","journal-title":"J Japan Diab Soc"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12936\/tenrikiyo.22-011","article-title":"How to effectively recognize adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency as an immune-related adverse event associated with immune checkpoint blockade [Article in Japanese]","volume":"22","author":"Okamura S","year":"2019","unstructured":"Okamura S, Hayashino Y. How to effectively recognize adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency as an immune-related adverse event associated with immune checkpoint blockade [Article in Japanese]. Tenri Medical Bulletin. 2019, 22:94-100. 10.12936\/tenrikiyo.22-011","journal-title":"Tenri Medical Bulletin"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-05400-x","article-title":"Eosinophil counts can be a predictive marker of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced secondary adrenal insufficiency: A retrospective cohort study","volume":"12","author":"Takayasu S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Takayasu S, Mizushiri S, Watanuki Y, et al.. Eosinophil counts can be a predictive marker of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced secondary adrenal insufficiency: A retrospective cohort study. Sci Rep. 2022, 12:1294. 10.1038\/s41598-022-05400-x","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"A case of ureteral carcinoma with adrenal dysfunction caused by pembrolizumab [Article in Japanese]","volume":"34","author":"Kobayashi K","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kobayashi K, Kawabata S, Karibe J, Yoneyama S, Fujikawa N, Takizawa A. A case of ureteral carcinoma with adrenal dysfunction caused by pembrolizumab [Article in Japanese]. Jpn J Urol Surg. 2021, 34:419-23.","journal-title":"Jpn J Urol Surg"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrine.95.S.Update_38","article-title":"A case of thyroid crisis developed after pembrolizumab administration [Article in Japanese]","volume":"95","author":"Ito S","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ito S, Aotani D, Shimizu Y, et al.. A case of thyroid crisis developed after pembrolizumab administration [Article in Japanese]. Endocrine J. 2019, 95:45-47. 10.1507\/endocrine.95.S.Update_38","journal-title":"Endocrine J"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/331503-two-japanese-cases-of-breast-cancer-that-developed-pembrolizumab-induced-adrenal-insufficiency-and-literature-review","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T13:22:30Z","timestamp":1738848150000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/331503-two-japanese-cases-of-breast-cancer-that-developed-pembrolizumab-induced-adrenal-insufficiency-and-literature-review"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"references-count":19,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.78620","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]}}}