{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T02:45:07Z","timestamp":1772678707567,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.80104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T00:07:31Z","timestamp":1741219651000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Psychosomatic and Psychological Impact of Hepatitis C: A Cross-Sectional Study of Depression, Fibrosis, and Somatic Symptoms in Treatment-Naive and Treatment-Experienced Patients Who Achieved Sustained Virologic Response"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Ahmad A","family":"Rashid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akhtar","family":"Rashid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muqadas","family":"Zahra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noman","family":"Aslam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Safa","family":"Jameel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hafiz M","family":"Awais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamas","family":"Zaheer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32320-7","article-title":"Hepatitis C","volume":"1016","author":"Spearman CW","year":"2019","unstructured":"Spearman CW, Dusheiko GM, Hellard M, Sonderup M. Hepatitis C. Lancet. 2019, 1016:1451-66. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32320-7","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1721727X221144391","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus: its prevalence, risk factors and genotype distribution in Pakistan","volume":"20","author":"Saleem U","year":"2022","unstructured":"Saleem U, Aslam N, Siddique R, Iqbal S, and Manan M. Hepatitis C virus: its prevalence, risk factors and genotype distribution in Pakistan. Eur J Inflamm. 2022, 20:10.1177\/1721727X221144391","journal-title":"Eur J Inflamm"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i44.7896","article-title":"An insight into the diagnosis and pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"19","author":"Irshad M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Irshad M, Mankotia DS, Irshad K. An insight into the diagnosis and pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus infection. World J Gastroenterol. 2013, 19:7896-909. 10.3748\/wjg.v19.i44.7896","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-018-9879-5","article-title":"Depression, fatigue and neurocognitive deficits in chronic hepatitis C","volume":"12","author":"Yeoh SW","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yeoh SW, Holmes AC, Saling MM, Everall IP, Nicoll AJ. Depression, fatigue and neurocognitive deficits in chronic hepatitis C. Hepatol Int. 2018, 12:294-304. 10.1007\/s12072-018-9879-5","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2016.09.005","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus infection, and neurological and psychiatric disorders - a review","volume":"8","author":"Yarlott L","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yarlott L, Heald E, Forton D. Hepatitis C virus infection, and neurological and psychiatric disorders - a review. J Adv Res. 2017, 8:139-48. 10.1016\/j.jare.2016.09.005","journal-title":"J Adv Res"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2005.11.046","article-title":"Depression, anemia and health-related quality of life in chronic hepatitis C","volume":"44","author":"Dan AA","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dan AA, Martin LM, Crone C, et al.. Depression, anemia and health-related quality of life in chronic hepatitis C. J Hepatol. 2006, 44:491-8. 10.1016\/j.jhep.2005.11.046","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159x14666160106155129","article-title":"Interferon-related depression: a primer on mechanisms, treatment, and prevention of a common clinical problem","volume":"14","author":"Pinto EF","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pinto EF, Andrade C. Interferon-related depression: a primer on mechanisms, treatment, and prevention of a common clinical problem. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2016, 14:743-8. 10.2174\/1570159x14666160106155129","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0165-1781(01)00315-8","article-title":"Immunotherapy with interferon-alpha in patients affected by chronic hepatitis C induces an intercorrelated stimulation of the cytokine network and an increase in depressive and anxiety symptoms","volume":"105","author":"Bonaccorso S","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bonaccorso S, Puzella A, Marino V, et al.. Immunotherapy with interferon-alpha in patients affected by chronic hepatitis C induces an intercorrelated stimulation of the cytokine network and an increase in depressive and anxiety symptoms. Psychiatry Res. 2001, 105:45-55. 10.1016\/s0165-1781(01)00315-8","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v15071489","article-title":"Treatment outcomes of sofosbuvir\/velpatasvir\/voxilaprevir in direct-acting antiviral-experienced hepatitis C virus patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Devan P","year":"2023","unstructured":"Devan P, Tiong KL, Neo JE, et al.. Treatment outcomes of sofosbuvir\/velpatasvir\/voxilaprevir in direct-acting antiviral-experienced hepatitis C virus patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Viruses. 2023, 15:1489. 10.3390\/v15071489","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1516-4446-2018-0336","article-title":"Incidence of depression in patients with hepatitis C treated with direct-acting antivirals","volume":"42","author":"Egmond E","year":"2020","unstructured":"Egmond E, Mari\u00f1o Z, Navines R, et al.. Incidence of depression in patients with hepatitis C treated with direct-acting antivirals. Braz J Psychiatry. 2020, 42:72-6. 10.1590\/1516-4446-2018-0336","journal-title":"Braz J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1191843","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric disorders in chronic hepatitis C patients after receiving interferon or direct-acting antivirals: a nationwide cohort study","volume":"14","author":"Fang Y","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fang Y, Chen CY, Yu HC, Lin PC. Neuropsychiatric disorders in chronic hepatitis C patients after receiving interferon or direct-acting antivirals: a nationwide cohort study. Front Pharmacol. 2023, 14:1191843. 10.3389\/fphar.2023.1191843","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0208112","article-title":"Impact of treatment with direct-acting antivirals on anxiety and depression in chronic hepatitis C","volume":"13","author":"Gallach M","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gallach M, Vergara M, da Costa JP, et al.. Impact of treatment with direct-acting antivirals on anxiety and depression in chronic hepatitis C. PLoS One. 2018, 13:0208112. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0208112","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-019-1013-1","article-title":"A case report of psychiatric symptoms following direct-acting antiviral and ribavirin combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C in a patient with innate anxiety","volume":"19","author":"Sakamaki A","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sakamaki A, Kamimura K, Fukui N, et al.. A case report of psychiatric symptoms following direct-acting antiviral and ribavirin combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C in a patient with innate anxiety. BMC Gastroenterol. 2019, 19:85. 10.1186\/s12876-019-1013-1","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ejhpharm-2017-001352","article-title":"New direct-acting antivirals for hepatitis C treatment and neuropsychiatric symptoms in psychiatric risk groups","volume":"26","author":"Miarons M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Miarons M, S\u00e1nchez-Ulayar A, Sempere G, Mar\u00edn S, Castellv\u00ed JM. New direct-acting antivirals for hepatitis C treatment and neuropsychiatric symptoms in psychiatric risk groups. Eur J Hosp Pharm. 2019, 26:135-9. 10.1136\/ejhpharm-2017-001352","journal-title":"Eur J Hosp Pharm"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.029","article-title":"Patient-reported outcomes of sleep, mood and quality of life after treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection using direct-acting antiviral agents","volume":"26","author":"Karimi-Sari H","year":"2020","unstructured":"Karimi-Sari H, Hosseini MA, Nikjoo N, Bagheri Baghdasht MS, Alavian SM. Patient-reported outcomes of sleep, mood and quality of life after treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection using direct-acting antiviral agents. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020, 26:1093.e5-8. 10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.029","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.43079","article-title":"Direct-acting antiviral in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C: bonuses and challenges","volume":"17","author":"Zeng H","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zeng H, Li L, Hou Z, Zhang Y, Tang Z, Liu S. Direct-acting antiviral in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C: bonuses and challenges. Int J Med Sci. 2020, 17:892-902. 10.7150\/ijms.43079","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"Frequency of depression and somatic symptoms in patients on interferon alpha\/ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C","volume":"22","author":"Shakoor A","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shakoor A, Shafqat F, Mehmud Te, Akram M, Riaz S, Iqbal Z, Khan AA. Frequency of depression and somatic symptoms in patients on interferon alpha\/ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2010, 22:6-9.","journal-title":"J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0196908","article-title":"A comprehensive assessment of patient reported symptom burden, medical comorbidities, and functional well being in patients initiating direct acting antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C: results from a large US multi-center observational study","volume":"13","author":"Evon DM","year":"2018","unstructured":"Evon DM, Stewart PW, Amador J, et al.. A comprehensive assessment of patient reported symptom burden, medical comorbidities, and functional well being in patients initiating direct acting antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C: results from a large US multi-center observational study. PLoS One. 2018, 13:0196908. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0196908","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","article-title":"The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure","volume":"16","author":"Kroenke K","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB. The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med. 2001, 16:606-13. 10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"ref20","article-title":"Urdu translation and validation of PHQ-9, a reliable identification, severity and treatment outcome tool for depression","volume":"68","author":"Ahmad S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ahmad S, Hussain S, Akhtar F, Shah FS. Urdu translation and validation of PHQ-9, a reliable identification, severity and treatment outcome tool for depression. J Pak Med Assoc. 2018, 68:1166-70.","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric manifestations of HIV infection and AIDS","volume":"30","author":"Dub\u00e9 B","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dub\u00e9 B, Benton T, Cruess DG, Evans DL. Neuropsychiatric manifestations of HIV infection and AIDS. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2005, 30:237-46.","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Neurosci"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2022.111135","article-title":"Why the hypothesis of psychological mechanisms in long COVID is worth considering","volume":"165","author":"Lemogne C","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lemogne C, Gouraud C, Pitron V, Ranque B. Why the hypothesis of psychological mechanisms in long COVID is worth considering. J Psychosom Res. 2023, 165:111135. 10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2022.111135","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/344836-psychosomatic-and-psychological-impact-of-hepatitis-c-a-cross-sectional-study-of-depression-fibrosis-and-somatic-symptoms-in-treatment-naive-and-treatment-experienced-patients-who-achieved-sustained-virologic-response","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T00:07:33Z","timestamp":1741219653000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/344836-psychosomatic-and-psychological-impact-of-hepatitis-c-a-cross-sectional-study-of-depression-fibrosis-and-somatic-symptoms-in-treatment-naive-and-treatment-experienced-patients-who-achieved-sustained-virologic-response"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]]},"references-count":22,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.80104","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]]}}}