{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T10:21:35Z","timestamp":1777630895111,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.80469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T14:04:06Z","timestamp":1741788246000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Beyond Routine Monitoring: A Comprehensive Review of Direct Oral Anticoagulants and the Role of Coagulation Profiles in Their Management"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Jayalekshmi","family":"Jayakumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fiqe","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meher","family":"Ayyazuddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Davin","family":"Turku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manasa","family":"Ginjupalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aju","family":"Kalaivani Babu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Srinishant","family":"Rajarajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mrunanjali","family":"Gaddam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vikash","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asmat","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijlh.13386","article-title":"The gene expression level of m6A catalytic enzymes is increased in ETV6\/RUNX1-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"43","author":"Wang Y","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang Y, Zeng HM, Xue YJ, Lu AD, Jia YP, Zuo YX, Zhang LP. The gene expression level of m6A catalytic enzymes is increased in ETV6\/RUNX1-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Int J Lab Hematol. 2021, 43:e89-91. 10.1111\/ijlh.13386","journal-title":"Int J Lab Hematol"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"International normalized ratio (INR)","author":"Shikdar S","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shikdar S, Vashisht R, Bhattacharya PT. International normalized ratio (INR). StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL); 2025."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.112743","article-title":"The reduced frequency of CD39+CD73+ B cell subsets in SLE patients is correlated with disease activity","volume":"140","author":"Dong K","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dong K, Wang Y, Yao Y, et al.. The reduced frequency of CD39+CD73+ B cell subsets in SLE patients is correlated with disease activity. Int Immunopharmacol. 2024, 140:112743. 10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.112743","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-020-02294-2","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for PTT prolongation in patients receiving low-dose unfractionated heparin thromboprophylaxis","volume":"52","author":"Feinbloom D","year":"2021","unstructured":"Feinbloom D, Freed JA, Carbo A, Jung Y, Adra M, Herzig SJ. Incidence and risk factors for PTT prolongation in patients receiving low-dose unfractionated heparin thromboprophylaxis. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2021, 52:331-7. 10.1007\/s11239-020-02294-2","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.15264","article-title":"APTT therapeutic range for monitoring unfractionated heparin therapy. Significant impact of the anti-Xa reagent used for correlation","volume":"19","author":"Toulon P","year":"2021","unstructured":"Toulon P, Smahi M, De Pooter N. APTT therapeutic range for monitoring unfractionated heparin therapy. Significant impact of the anti-Xa reagent used for correlation. J Thromb Haemost. 2021, 19:2002-6. 10.1111\/jth.15264","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11203214","article-title":"Anticoagulants: a short history, their mechanism of action, pharmacology, and indications","volume":"11","author":"Heestermans M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Heestermans M, Poenou G, Hamzeh-Cognasse H, Cognasse F, Bertoletti L. Anticoagulants: a short history, their mechanism of action, pharmacology, and indications. Cells. 2022, 11:3214. 10.3390\/cells11203214","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2008.07119.x","article-title":"The story of the discovery of heparin and warfarin","volume":"141","author":"Wardrop D","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wardrop D, Keeling D. The story of the discovery of heparin and warfarin. Br J Haematol. 2008, 141:757-63. 10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2008.07119.x","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1358863X15600256","article-title":"Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs)","volume":"20","author":"Vazquez S","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vazquez S, Rondina MT. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). Vasc Med. 2015, 20:575-7. 10.1177\/1358863X15600256","journal-title":"Vasc Med"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijlh.12964","article-title":"Identification of a novel hemoglobin variant Hb Jilin [\u03b1139(HC1)Lys>Gln; HBA2:C.418 A>C] in a Chinese family","volume":"41","author":"Xu A","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu A, Li J, Chen W, Ji L. Identification of a novel hemoglobin variant Hb Jilin [\u03b1139(HC1)Lys&gt;Gln; HBA2:C.418 A&gt;C] in a Chinese family. Int J Lab Hematol. 2019, 41:e73-5. 10.1111\/ijlh.12964","journal-title":"Int J Lab Hematol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2021.12.028","article-title":"Newly developed modified diluted prothrombin time reagent: a multi-centre validation in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation under direct oral anticoagulant therapy","volume":"210","author":"Kumano O","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kumano O, Suzuki S, Yamazaki M, An Y, Yasaka M, Ieko M. Newly developed modified diluted prothrombin time reagent: a multi-centre validation in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation under direct oral anticoagulant therapy. Thromb Res. 2022, 210:87-90. 10.1016\/j.thromres.2021.12.028","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1787652","article-title":"Venous thromboembolism: current insights and future directions","volume":"33","author":"Mahani S","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mahani S, DiCaro MV, Tak N, Hartnett S, Cyrus T, Tak T. Venous thromboembolism: current insights and future directions. Int J Angiol. 2024, 33:250-61. 10.1055\/s-0044-1787652","journal-title":"Int J Angiol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.12610","article-title":"Direct-acting oral anticoagulants: pharmacology, indications, management, and future perspectives","volume":"95","author":"G\u00f3mez-Outes A","year":"2015","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Outes A, Su\u00e1rez-Gea ML, Lecumberri R, Terleira-Fern\u00e1ndez AI, Vargas-Castrill\u00f3n E. Direct-acting oral anticoagulants: pharmacology, indications, management, and future perspectives. Eur J Haematol. 2015, 95:389-404. 10.1111\/ejh.12610","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm0109513","article-title":"Structure-based design of novel potent nonpeptide thrombin inhibitors","volume":"45","author":"Hauel NH","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hauel NH, Nar H, Priepke H, Ries U, Stassen JM, Wienen W. Structure-based design of novel potent nonpeptide thrombin inhibitors. J Med Chem. 2002, 45:1757-66. 10.1021\/jm0109513","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2019.03.004","article-title":"A review of oral anticoagulants, old and new, in major bleeding and the need for urgent surgery","volume":"30","author":"Milling TJ Jr","year":"2020","unstructured":"Milling TJ Jr, Ziebell CM. A review of oral anticoagulants, old and new, in major bleeding and the need for urgent surgery. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2020, 30:86-90. 10.1016\/j.tcm.2019.03.004","journal-title":"Trends Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd3185","article-title":"The discovery and development of rivaroxaban, an oral, direct factor Xa inhibitor","volume":"10","author":"Perzborn E","year":"2011","unstructured":"Perzborn E, Roehrig S, Straub A, Kubitza D, Misselwitz F. The discovery and development of rivaroxaban, an oral, direct factor Xa inhibitor. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2011, 10:61-75. 10.1038\/nrd3185","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/itjm.2013.s8.1","article-title":"Pharmacology of new oral anticoagulants: mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics","volume":"7","author":"Masotti L","year":"2013","unstructured":"Masotti L, Campanini M. Pharmacology of new oral anticoagulants: mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics. Ital J Med. 2013, 7:1. 10.4081\/itjm.2013.s8.1","journal-title":"Ital J Med"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.04.004","article-title":"Direct oral anticoagulant agents: pharmacologic profile, indications, coagulation monitoring, and reversal agents","volume":"27","author":"Rose DK","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rose DK, Bar B. Direct oral anticoagulant agents: pharmacologic profile, indications, coagulation monitoring, and reversal agents. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2018, 27:2049-58. 10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.04.004","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2021.4346","article-title":"Twenty-year change in severity and outcome of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes","volume":"79","author":"Toyoda K","year":"2022","unstructured":"Toyoda K, Yoshimura S, Nakai M, et al.. Twenty-year change in severity and outcome of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. JAMA Neurol. 2022, 79:61-9. 10.1001\/jamaneurol.2021.4346","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"Global burden of peripheral artery disease in 204 countries and territories, 1990 to 2019","volume":"10","author":"Yadgir S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yadgir S, Johnson C, Aboyans V, et al.. Global burden of peripheral artery disease in 204 countries and territories, 1990 to 2019. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020, 10:e017559.","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62343-0","article-title":"Comparison of the efficacy and safety of new oral anticoagulants with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis of randomised trials","volume":"383","author":"Ruff CT","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ruff CT, Giugliano RP, Braunwald E, et al.. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of new oral anticoagulants with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis of randomised trials. Lancet. 2014, 383:955-62. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62343-0","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1753944718787384","article-title":"Direct oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: treatment outcomes and dosing in special populations","volume":"12","author":"Stacy ZA","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stacy ZA, Richter SK. Direct oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: treatment outcomes and dosing in special populations. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis. 2018, 12:247-62. 10.1177\/1753944718787384","journal-title":"Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0310322","article-title":"Comparative safety and effectiveness of oral anticoagulants in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and high risk of gastrointestinal bleeding: a nationwide French cohort study","volume":"19","author":"Lip GY","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lip GY, Benamouzig R, Martin AC, et al.. Comparative safety and effectiveness of oral anticoagulants in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and high risk of gastrointestinal bleeding: a nationwide French cohort study. PLoS ONE. 2024, 19:e0310322. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0310322","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.52217","article-title":"CHA2DS2-VASc score and prior oral anticoagulant use on endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke","volume":"11","author":"Imaoka Y","year":"2024","unstructured":"Imaoka Y, Ren N, Ogata S, et al.. CHA2DS2-VASc score and prior oral anticoagulant use on endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke. Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2024, 11:3103-14. 10.1002\/acn3.52217","journal-title":"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"Use of direct oral anticoagulants in daily practice","volume":"8","author":"Almarshad F","year":"2018","unstructured":"Almarshad F, Alaklabi A, Bakhsh E, Pathan A, Almegren M. Use of direct oral anticoagulants in daily practice. Am J Blood Res. 2018, 8:57-72.","journal-title":"Am J Blood Res"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0906598","article-title":"Dabigatran versus warfarin in the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism","volume":"361","author":"Schulman S","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schulman S, Kearon C, Kakkar AK, et al.. Dabigatran versus warfarin in the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med. 2009, 361:2342-52. 10.1056\/NEJMoa0906598","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1007903","article-title":"Oral rivaroxaban for symptomatic venous thromboembolism","volume":"363","author":"Bauersachs R","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bauersachs R, Berkowitz SD, Brenner B, et al.. Oral rivaroxaban for symptomatic venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med. 2010, 363:2499-510. 10.1056\/NEJMoa1007903","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.1838","article-title":"The pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of rivaroxaban in renally impaired patient populations","volume":"61","author":"Ashton V","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ashton V, Kerolus-Georgi S, Moore KT. The pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of rivaroxaban in renally impaired patient populations. J Clin Pharmacol. 2021, 61:1010-26. 10.1002\/jcph.1838","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199903253401201","article-title":"A comparison of three months of anticoagulation with extended anticoagulation for a first episode of idiopathic venous thromboembolism","volume":"340","author":"Kearon C","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kearon C, Gent M, Hirsh J, et al.. A comparison of three months of anticoagulation with extended anticoagulation for a first episode of idiopathic venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med. 1999, 340:901-7. 10.1056\/NEJM199903253401201","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199702063360601","article-title":"The duration of oral anticoagulant therapy after a second episode of venous thromboembolism","volume":"336","author":"Schulman S","year":"1997","unstructured":"Schulman S, Granqvist S, Holmstr\u00f6m M, et al.. The duration of oral anticoagulant therapy after a second episode of venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med. 1997, 336:393-8. 10.1056\/NEJM199702063360601","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2022.01.006","article-title":"Warfarin versus direct oral anticoagulants for patients needing distal deep vein thrombosis treatment","volume":"10","author":"Pham A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pham A, Heib A, Goodman E, Cotto R, Jafari P, Lipsitz E, Indes J. Warfarin versus direct oral anticoagulants for patients needing distal deep vein thrombosis treatment. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2022, 10:826-31.e1. 10.1016\/j.jvsv.2022.01.006","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2015.11.026","article-title":"Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: CHEST guideline and expert panel report","volume":"149","author":"Kearon C","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kearon C, Akl EA, Ornelas J, et al.. Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: CHEST guideline and expert panel report. Chest. 2016, 149:315-52. 10.1016\/j.chest.2015.11.026","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"Prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism--International Consensus Statement","volume":"32","author":"Nicolaides AN","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nicolaides AN, Fareed J, Kakkar AK, et al.. Prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism--International Consensus Statement. Int Angiol. 2013, 32:111-260.","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2010.03991.x","article-title":"Risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism after stopping treatment in cohort studies: recommendation for acceptable rates and standardized reporting","volume":"8","author":"Kearon C","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kearon C, Iorio A, Palareti G. Risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism after stopping treatment in cohort studies: recommendation for acceptable rates and standardized reporting. J Thromb Haemost. 2010, 8:2313-5. 10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2010.03991.x","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.09.023","article-title":"Editor's Choice - European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) 2021 Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of venous thrombosis","volume":"61","author":"Kakkos SK","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kakkos SK, Gohel M, Baekgaard N, et al.. Editor's Choice - European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) 2021 Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of venous thrombosis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2021, 61:9-82. 10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.09.023","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4330\/wjc.v12.i5.161","article-title":"New guidelines for the diagnosis and management of pulmonary embolism: key changes","volume":"12","author":"Erythropoulou-Kaltsidou A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Erythropoulou-Kaltsidou A, Alkagiet S, Tziomalos K. New guidelines for the diagnosis and management of pulmonary embolism: key changes. World J Cardiol. 2020, 12:161-6. 10.4330\/wjc.v12.i5.161","journal-title":"World J Cardiol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S475403","article-title":"Management and outcomes of pulmonary embolism in the oldest-old","volume":"17","author":"Beotra E","year":"2024","unstructured":"Beotra E, Ngian VJ, Tran F, Hsu K, O'Rourke F, Ong BS. Management and outcomes of pulmonary embolism in the oldest-old. Int J Gen Med. 2024, 17:4485-91. 10.2147\/IJGM.S475403","journal-title":"Int J Gen Med"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.126.3_suppl.338S","article-title":"Prevention of venous thromboembolism: the Seventh ACCP Conference on antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy","volume":"126","author":"Geerts WH","year":"2004","unstructured":"Geerts WH, Pineo GF, Heit JA, Bergqvist D, Lassen MR, Colwell CW, Ray JG. Prevention of venous thromboembolism: the Seventh ACCP Conference on antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest. 2004, 126:338S-400S. 10.1378\/chest.126.3_suppl.338S","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2005.01621.x","article-title":"Deep-vein thrombosis rates after major orthopedic surgery in Asia. An epidemiological study based on postoperative screening with centrally adjudicated bilateral venography","volume":"3","author":"Piovella F","year":"2005","unstructured":"Piovella F, Wang CJ, Lu H, et al.. Deep-vein thrombosis rates after major orthopedic surgery in Asia. An epidemiological study based on postoperative screening with centrally adjudicated bilateral venography. J Thromb Haemost. 2005, 3:2664-70. 10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2005.01621.x","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jeo2.70010","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of aspirin versus direct oral anticoagulants for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis following primary total hip arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"11","author":"Syed FA","year":"2024","unstructured":"Syed FA, Amin H, Benjamin B, Hendrix M, Savaridas T. Comparative efficacy of aspirin versus direct oral anticoagulants for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis following primary total hip arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J Exp Orthop. 2024, 11:e70010. 10.1002\/jeo2.70010","journal-title":"J Exp Orthop"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1113572","article-title":"Oral rivaroxaban for the treatment of symptomatic pulmonary embolism","volume":"366","author":"B\u00fcller HR","year":"2012","unstructured":"B\u00fcller HR, Prins MH, Lensin AW, et al.. Oral rivaroxaban for the treatment of symptomatic pulmonary embolism. N Engl J Med. 2012, 366:1287-97. 10.1056\/NEJMoa1113572","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2459\/JCM.0000000000001683","article-title":"Efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants vs. warfarin in left ventricular thrombus in myocardial infarction: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"26","author":"Attachaipanich T","year":"2025","unstructured":"Attachaipanich T, Thanyaratsarun T, Attachaipanich S, Danpanichkul P, Kaewboot K. Efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants vs. warfarin in left ventricular thrombus in myocardial infarction: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown). 2025, 26:40-9. 10.2459\/JCM.0000000000001683","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown)"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-024-02547-7","article-title":"Oral anticoagulation in patients with left ventricular thrombus: a systematic review and network meta-analysis with reconstructed time-to-event data","author":"Heyne S","year":"2024","unstructured":"Heyne S, Macherey-Meyer S, Meertens MM, Finke K, Baldus S, Adler C, Lee S. Oral anticoagulation in patients with left ventricular thrombus: a systematic review and network meta-analysis with reconstructed time-to-event data. Clin Res Cardiol. 2024, 10.1007\/s00392-024-02547-7","journal-title":"Clin Res Cardiol"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2024.09.008","article-title":"Direct oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists for the management of left ventricular thrombus after myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis","volume":"232","author":"Gogos C","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gogos C, Anastasiou V, Papazoglou AS, et al.. Direct oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists for the management of left ventricular thrombus after myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis. Am J Cardiol. 2024, 232:18-25. 10.1016\/j.amjcard.2024.09.008","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1627480","article-title":"International Council for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH) recommendations for laboratory measurement of direct oral anticoagulants","volume":"118","author":"Gosselin RC","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gosselin RC, Adcock DM, Bates SM, et al.. International Council for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH) recommendations for laboratory measurement of direct oral anticoagulants. Thromb Haemost. 2018, 118:437-50. 10.1055\/s-0038-1627480","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijlh.12528","article-title":"Comparison of the effect of the anti-Xa direct oral anticoagulants apixaban, edoxaban, and rivaroxaban on coagulation assays","volume":"38","author":"Gosselin R","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gosselin R, Grant RP, Adcock DM. Comparison of the effect of the anti-Xa direct oral anticoagulants apixaban, edoxaban, and rivaroxaban on coagulation assays. Int J Lab Hematol. 2016, 38:505-13. 10.1111\/ijlh.12528","journal-title":"Int J Lab Hematol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.13912","article-title":"Laboratory testing in patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants: a practical guide for clinicians","volume":"16","author":"Douxfils J","year":"2018","unstructured":"Douxfils J, Ageno W, Samama CM, et al.. Laboratory testing in patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants: a practical guide for clinicians. J Thromb Haemost. 2018, 16:209-19. 10.1111\/jth.13912","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijlh.12658","article-title":"The danger of relying on the APTT and PT in patients on DOAC therapy, a potential patient safety issue","volume":"39 Suppl 1","author":"Adcock DM","year":"2017","unstructured":"Adcock DM, Gosselin RC. The danger of relying on the APTT and PT in patients on DOAC therapy, a potential patient safety issue. Int J Lab Hematol. 2017, 39 Suppl 1:37-40. 10.1111\/ijlh.12658","journal-title":"Int J Lab Hematol"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.13486","article-title":"Poor comparability of coagulation screening test with specific measurement in patients receiving direct oral anticoagulants: results from a multicenter\/multiplatform study","volume":"14","author":"Testa S","year":"2016","unstructured":"Testa S, Legnani C, Tripodi A, et al.. Poor comparability of coagulation screening test with specific measurement in patients receiving direct oral anticoagulants: results from a multicenter\/multiplatform study. J Thromb Haemost. 2016, 14:2194-201. 10.1111\/jth.13486","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref49","article-title":"Interpretation of blood clotting studies and values (PT, PTT, aPTT, INR, anti-factor Xa, D-dimer)","author":"Zaidi SR","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zaidi SR, Rout P. Interpretation of blood clotting studies and values (PT, PTT, aPTT, INR, anti-factor Xa, D-dimer). StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL); 2025."},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14061120","article-title":"Drug-drug interactions of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs): from pharmacological to clinical practice","volume":"14","author":"Ferri N","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ferri N, Colombo E, Tenconi M, Baldessin L, Corsini A. Drug-drug interactions of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs): from pharmacological to clinical practice. Pharmaceutics. 2022, 14:1120. 10.3390\/pharmaceutics14061120","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"ref51","unstructured":"Managing interactions with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). (2024). https.\/\/www.sps.nhs.uk\/articles\/managing-interactions-with-direct-oral-anticoagulants-doacs\/."},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-013-0899-7","article-title":"Assessing bleeding risk in patients taking anticoagulants","volume":"35","author":"Shoeb M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shoeb M, Fang MC. Assessing bleeding risk in patients taking anticoagulants. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2013, 35:312-9. 10.1007\/s11239-013-0899-7","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.10-0134","article-title":"A novel user-friendly score (HAS-BLED) to assess 1-year risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation: the Euro Heart Survey","volume":"138","author":"Pisters R","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pisters R, Lane DA, Nieuwlaat R, de Vos CB, Crijns HJ, Lip GY. A novel user-friendly score (HAS-BLED) to assess 1-year risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation: the Euro Heart Survey. Chest. 2010, 138:1093-100. 10.1378\/chest.10-0134","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv476","article-title":"The ORBIT bleeding score: a simple bedside score to assess bleeding risk in atrial fibrillation","volume":"36","author":"O'Brien EC","year":"2015","unstructured":"O'Brien EC, Simon DN, Thomas LE, et al.. The ORBIT bleeding score: a simple bedside score to assess bleeding risk in atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J. 2015, 36:3258-64. 10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv476","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1160\/TH16-05-0403","article-title":"Real-world comparison of major bleeding risk among non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients initiated on apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, or warfarin: a propensity score matched analysis","volume":"116","author":"Lip GY","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lip GY, Keshishian A, Kamble S, Pan X, Mardekian J, Horblyuk R, Hamilton M. Real-world comparison of major bleeding risk among non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients initiated on apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, or warfarin: a propensity score matched analysis. Thromb Haemost. 2016, 116:975-86. 10.1160\/TH16-05-0403","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2020.010702","article-title":"Chromogenic anti-FXa assay calibrated with low molecular weight heparin in patients treated with rivaroxaban and apixaban: possibilities and limitations","volume":"30","author":"Margeti\u0107 S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Margeti\u0107 S, \u0106elap I, Deli\u0107 Brklja\u010di\u0107 D, et al.. Chromogenic anti-FXa assay calibrated with low molecular weight heparin in patients treated with rivaroxaban and apixaban: possibilities and limitations. Biochem Med (Zagreb). 2020, 30:010702. 10.11613\/BM.2020.010702","journal-title":"Biochem Med (Zagreb)"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9050445","article-title":"Laboratory monitoring of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs)","volume":"9","author":"Dunois C","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dunois C. Laboratory monitoring of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). Biomedicines. 2021, 9:445. 10.3390\/biomedicines9050445","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-024-03712-4","article-title":"Age-related variation in coagulation factors in non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients receiving direct oral anticoagulants","volume":"119","author":"Kumano O","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kumano O, Suzuki S, Yamazaki M, An Y, Yasaka M, Ieko M. Age-related variation in coagulation factors in non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients receiving direct oral anticoagulants. Int J Hematol. 2024, 119:407-15. 10.1007\/s12185-024-03712-4","journal-title":"Int J Hematol"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-3175-1_23","article-title":"Ecarin-based methods for measuring thrombin inhibitors","volume":"2663","author":"Gosselin RC","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gosselin RC. Ecarin-based methods for measuring thrombin inhibitors. Methods Mol Biol. 2023, 2663:355-67. 10.1007\/978-1-0716-3175-1_23","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/327359-beyond-routine-monitoring-a-comprehensive-review-of-direct-oral-anticoagulants-and-the-role-of-coagulation-profiles-in-their-management","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T14:04:09Z","timestamp":1741788249000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/327359-beyond-routine-monitoring-a-comprehensive-review-of-direct-oral-anticoagulants-and-the-role-of-coagulation-profiles-in-their-management"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]]},"references-count":59,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.80469","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]]}}}