{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T22:26:36Z","timestamp":1790375196891,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.80494","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T03:39:02Z","timestamp":1741837142000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Bioethics Artificial Intelligence Advisory (BAIA): An Agentic Artificial Intelligence (AI) Framework for Bioethical Clinical Decision Support"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Taposh P","family":"Dutta Roy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-804571-8.00017-2","article-title":"John Snow, cholera, the broad street pump; waterborne diseases then and now","author":"Tulchinsky TH","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tulchinsky TH. John Snow, cholera, the broad street pump; waterborne diseases then and now. Case Studies in Public Health. Elsevier, Amsterdam; 2018. 77-99. 10.1016\/B978-0-12-804571-8.00017-2"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-1485","article-title":"Informed consent in decision-making in pediatric practice","volume":"138","author":"Katz AL","year":"2016","unstructured":"Katz AL, Webb SA. Informed consent in decision-making in pediatric practice. Pediatrics. 2016, 138:e20161485. 10.1542\/peds.2016-1485","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-149-1-200807010-00010","article-title":"Surrogate decision making: reconciling ethical theory and clinical practice","volume":"149","author":"Berger JT","year":"2008","unstructured":"Berger JT, DeRenzo EG, Schwartz J. Surrogate decision making: reconciling ethical theory and clinical practice. Ann Intern Med. 2008, 149:48-53. 10.7326\/0003-4819-149-1-200807010-00010","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0162243912470009","article-title":"Genomic justice for Native Americans: impact of the Havasupai case on genetic research","volume":"38","author":"Garrison NA","year":"2013","unstructured":"Garrison NA. Genomic justice for Native Americans: impact of the Havasupai case on genetic research. Sci Technol Human Values. 2013, 38:201-23. 10.1177\/0162243912470009","journal-title":"Sci Technol Human Values"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-0513","article-title":"Medical futility: a new look at an old problem","volume":"146","author":"Misak CJ","year":"2014","unstructured":"Misak CJ, White DB, Truog RD. Medical futility: a new look at an old problem. Chest. 2014, 146:1667-72. 10.1378\/chest.14-0513","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11017-004-3146-6","article-title":"Parental refusals of medical treatment: the harm principle as threshold for state intervention","volume":"25","author":"Diekema DS","year":"2004","unstructured":"Diekema DS. Parental refusals of medical treatment: the harm principle as threshold for state intervention. Theor Med Bioeth. 2004, 25:243-64. 10.1007\/s11017-004-3146-6","journal-title":"Theor Med Bioeth"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0969733017724354","article-title":"What is 'moral distress'? A narrative synthesis of the literature","volume":"26","author":"Morley G","year":"2019","unstructured":"Morley G, Ives J, Bradbury-Jones C, Irvine F. What is 'moral distress'? A narrative synthesis of the literature. Nurs Ethics. 2019, 26:646-62. 10.1177\/0969733017724354","journal-title":"Nurs Ethics"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DCC.0000000000000665","article-title":"Surgical intensive care unit nurses\u2019 coping with moral distress and moral residue: a descriptive qualitative approach","volume":"43","author":"Booth Adam T.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Booth Adam T., Christian, Becky J. . Surgical intensive care unit nurses\u2019 coping with moral distress and moral residue: a descriptive qualitative approach. Dimens Crit Care Nurs. 2024, 43:298-305. 10.1097\/DCC.0000000000000665","journal-title":"Dimens Crit Care Nurs"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2024.2679","article-title":"Artificial intelligence as surrogate decision-maker","volume":"184","author":"Grady D","year":"2024","unstructured":"Grady D. Artificial intelligence as surrogate decision-maker. JAMA Intern Med. 2024, 184:1007. 10.1001\/jamainternmed.2024.2679","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.14183","article-title":"Large language models for science and medicine","volume":"54","author":"Telenti A","year":"2024","unstructured":"Telenti A, Auli M, Hie BL, Maher C, Saria S, Ioannidis JP. Large language models for science and medicine. Eur J Clin Invest. 2024, 54:e14183. 10.1111\/eci.14183","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.69554\/XEHZ1946","article-title":"Agentic AI: the building blocks of sophisticated AI business applications","volume":"3","author":"Chawla C","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chawla C, Chatterjee S, Gadadinni SS, Verma P, Banerjee S. Agentic AI: the building blocks of sophisticated AI business applications. AIRWA. 2024, 3:196-210. 10.69554\/XEHZ1946","journal-title":"AIRWA"},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"Can machines learn morality? The Delphi experiment. (2021). https.\/\/www.semanticscholar.org\/paper\/CAN-MACHINES-LEARN-MORALITY-THE-DELPHI-EXPERIMENT-Jiang-Bhagavatula\/6ef1edae425...."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15265161.2022.2040647","article-title":"Algorithms for ethical decision-making in the clinic: a proof of concept","volume":"22","author":"Meier LJ","year":"2022","unstructured":"Meier LJ, Hein A, Diepold K, Buyx A. Algorithms for ethical decision-making in the clinic: a proof of concept. Am J Bioeth. 2022, 22:4-20. 10.1080\/15265161.2022.2040647","journal-title":"Am J Bioeth"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36948\/ijfmr.2024.v06i05.28231","article-title":"Ethical artificial intelligence framework theory (EAIFT): a new paradigm for embedding ethical reasoning in AI systems","volume":"6","author":"Ejjami R","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ejjami R. Ethical artificial intelligence framework theory (EAIFT): a new paradigm for embedding ethical reasoning in AI systems. Int J Multidiscip Res. 2024, 6:10.36948\/ijfmr.2024.v06i05.28231","journal-title":"Int J Multidiscip Res"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Principles of Biomedical Ethics","author":"Beauchamp TL","year":"2019","unstructured":"Beauchamp TL, Childress JF. Principles of Biomedical Ethics. Oxford University Press, Oxford (UK); 2019."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FUZZ-IEEE55066.2022.9882615","article-title":"A fuzzy-cognitive-maps approach to decision-making in medical ethics","author":"Hein A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hein A, Meier LJ, Buyx AM, Diepold K. A fuzzy-cognitive-maps approach to decision-making in medical ethics. IEEE Xplore. 2022, 1-8. 10.1109\/FUZZ-IEEE55066.2022.9882615","journal-title":"IEEE Xplore"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hast.260","article-title":"Narrative ethics","volume":"44","author":"Montello M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Montello M. Narrative ethics. Hastings Cent Rep. 2014, 44:S2-6. 10.1002\/hast.260","journal-title":"Hastings Cent Rep"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"Chapter 7, casuistry & clinical ethics","author":"Tomlinson T","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tomlinson T. Chapter 7, casuistry & clinical ethics. United Kingdom Methods in Medical Ethics: Critical Perspectives. Oxford University Press , Oxford (UK); 2012."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/mh.29.2.65","article-title":"Principlism or narrative ethics: must we choose between them?","volume":"29","author":"McCarthy J","year":"2003","unstructured":"McCarthy J. Principlism or narrative ethics: must we choose between them?. Med Humanit. 2003, 29:65-71. 10.1136\/mh.29.2.65","journal-title":"Med Humanit"},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"LiteLLM Guardrails. (2024). Accessed. February 20, 2025: https:\/\/docs.litellm.ai\/docs\/proxy\/guardrails."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1751143716628885","article-title":"Classic cases revisited: Mr David James, futile interventions and conflict in the ICU","volume":"17","author":"Szawarski P","year":"2016","unstructured":"Szawarski P. Classic cases revisited: Mr David James, futile interventions and conflict in the ICU. J Intensive Care Soc. 2016, 17:244-51. 10.1177\/1751143716628885","journal-title":"J Intensive Care Soc"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcpc1706105","article-title":"Case 33-2017. 22-month-old conjoined twins","volume":"377","author":"Cummings BM","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cummings BM, Gee MS, Benavidez OJ, Shank ES, Bojovic B, Raskin KA, Goldstein AM. Case 33-2017. 22-month-old conjoined twins. N Engl J Med. 2017, 377:1667-77. 10.1056\/NEJMcpc1706105","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d4512","article-title":"So, farewell then, doctrine of double effect","volume":"343","author":"Regnard C","year":"2011","unstructured":"Regnard C, George R, Grogan E, et al.. So, farewell then, doctrine of double effect. BMJ. 2011, 343:d4512. 10.1136\/bmj.d4512","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/292183","article-title":"Toward understanding the principle of double effect","volume":"90","author":"Boyle JM","year":"1980","unstructured":"Boyle JM. Toward understanding the principle of double effect. Ethics. 1980, 90:527-38. 10.1086\/292183","journal-title":"Ethics"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fhj.2024.100177","article-title":"Fairness in AI for healthcare","volume":"11","author":"Carey S","year":"2024","unstructured":"Carey S, Pang A, Kamps M. Fairness in AI for healthcare. Future Healthc J. 2024, 11:100177. 10.1016\/j.fhj.2024.100177","journal-title":"Future Healthc J"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2406.08958","article-title":"An unsupervised approach to achieve supervised-level explainability in healthcare records","author":"Edin J","year":"2024","unstructured":"Edin J, Maistro M, Maal\u00f8e L, Borgholt L, Havtorn JD, Ruotsalo T. An unsupervised approach to achieve supervised-level explainability in healthcare records. Future Healthc J. 2024, 10.48550\/arXiv.2406.08958","journal-title":"Future Healthc J"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"AI for health needs causality","author":"Sontag D","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sontag D, Johansson F. AI for health needs causality. Broad Institute. 2018, Accessed: February 20, 2025: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=MBz9hVFYDl8."},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.220638","article-title":"Causal machine learning for healthcare and precision medicine","volume":"9","author":"Sanchez P","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sanchez P, Voisey JP, Xia T, Watson HI, O'Neil AQ, Tsaftaris SA. Causal machine learning for healthcare and precision medicine. R Soc Open Sci. 2022, 9:220638. 10.1098\/rsos.220638","journal-title":"R Soc Open Sci"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1907.06260","article-title":"Counterfactual reasoning for fair clinical risk prediction","volume":"106","author":"Pfohl S","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pfohl S, Duan T, Ding DY, Shah NH. Counterfactual reasoning for fair clinical risk prediction. Proc Mach Learn Res. 2019, 106:325-58. 10.48550\/arXiv.1907.06260","journal-title":"Proc Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"Chain-of-thought prompting elicits reasoning in large language models","volume":"1800","author":"Jason Wei","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jason Wei, Xuezhi Wang, Dale Schuurmans et.al. Chain-of-thought prompting elicits reasoning in large language models. NeurIPS. 2022, 1800:24824-37.","journal-title":"NeurIPS"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-022-10246-w","article-title":"Human-in-the-loop machine learning: a state of the art","volume":"56","author":"Mosqueira-Rey E","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mosqueira-Rey E, Hern\u00e1ndez-Pereira E, Alonso-R\u00edos D, , Bobes-Bascar\u00e1n J, Fern\u00e1ndez-Leal A. Human-in-the-loop machine learning: a state of the art. Artif Intell Rev. 2023, 56:3005-54. 10.1007\/s10462-022-10246-w","journal-title":"Artif Intell Rev"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/347765-bioethics-artificial-intelligence-advisory-baia-an-agentic-artificial-intelligence-ai-framework-for-bioethical-clinical-decision-support","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T03:39:05Z","timestamp":1741837145000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/347765-bioethics-artificial-intelligence-advisory-baia-an-agentic-artificial-intelligence-ai-framework-for-bioethical-clinical-decision-support"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]]},"references-count":31,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.80494","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]]}}}