{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T08:55:34Z","timestamp":1769849734107,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.81039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T17:55:56Z","timestamp":1742752556000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Comparative Study of Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Obese and Non-obese Iraqi Pregnant Women Undergoing Cesarean Section"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Salah F","family":"Abdulnabi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Jabbari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Somayeh","family":"Ghorbani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Omid","family":"Nikpayam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamed A","family":"Flaifel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-021-00453-x","article-title":"Sex\/gender differences in obesity prevalence, comorbidities, and treatment","volume":"10","author":"Cooper AJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cooper AJ, Gupta SR, Moustafa AF, Chao AM. Sex\/gender differences in obesity prevalence, comorbidities, and treatment. Curr Obes Rep. 2021, 10:458-66. 10.1007\/s13679-021-00453-x","journal-title":"Curr Obes Rep"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"A comparative study of maternal and fetal outcome in obese and non-obese pregnant women","volume":"10","author":"Hanif S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hanif S, Zubair M, Shabir N, et al.. A comparative study of maternal and fetal outcome in obese and non-obese pregnant women. J Soc Obstet Gynaecol Pak. 2020, 10:96-101.","journal-title":"J Soc Obstet Gynaecol Pak"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2018.09.005","article-title":"The epidemiology of obesity","volume":"92","author":"Chooi YC","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chooi YC, Ding C, Magkos F. The epidemiology of obesity. Metabolism. 2019, 92:6-10. 10.1016\/j.metabol.2018.09.005","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"Obesity and outcome of pregnancy: a comparative study of obese versus non obese pregnant women","volume":"11","author":"Seehra N","year":"2016","unstructured":"Seehra N, Khichar M. Obesity and outcome of pregnancy: a comparative study of obese versus non obese pregnant women. Diabetes. 2016, 11:1.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18203\/2320-1770.ijrcog20183317","article-title":"Comparative study of obstetric outcome in overweight and obese pregnant women","volume":"7","author":"Shah PK","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shah PK, Chaudhari HK, Garg S. Comparative study of obstetric outcome in overweight and obese pregnant women. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2018, 7:2320. 10.18203\/2320-1770.ijrcog20183317","journal-title":"Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"Prevalence of pre-pregnancy obesity, 2011-2014","volume":"115","author":"Gregor L","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gregor L, Remington PL, Lindberg S, et al.. Prevalence of pre-pregnancy obesity, 2011-2014. WMJ. 2016, 115:228.","journal-title":"WMJ"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-016-0206-0","article-title":"Maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by overweight and obesity","volume":"13","author":"Vernini JM","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vernini JM, Moreli JB, Magalh\u00e3es CG, Costa RA, Rudge MV, Calderon IM. Maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by overweight and obesity. Reprod Health. 2016, 13:100. 10.1186\/s12978-016-0206-0","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e268","article-title":"Obesity is associated with higher risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes than supervised gestational diabetes","volume":"38","author":"Seo N","year":"2023","unstructured":"Seo N, Lee YM, Kim YJ, et al.. Obesity is associated with higher risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes than supervised gestational diabetes. J Korean Med Sci. 2023, 38:e268. 10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e268","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.obmed.2020.100296","article-title":"Obesity in patients with gestational diabetes: Impact on newborn outcomes","volume":"20","author":"de Paula Bertoli JP","year":"2020","unstructured":"de Paula Bertoli JP, Schulz MA, e Silva RR, et al.. Obesity in patients with gestational diabetes: Impact on newborn outcomes. Obes Med. 2020, 20:100296. 10.1016\/j.obmed.2020.100296","journal-title":"Obes Med"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.53350\/pjmhs2115103397","article-title":"A comparative study of maternal and fetal outcome in obese non-obese pregnant women","volume":"15","author":"Saleem A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Saleem A, Mehmood B, Aslam A, et al.. A comparative study of maternal and fetal outcome in obese non-obese pregnant women. Pak J Med Health Sci. 2021, 15:10.53350\/pjmhs2115103397","journal-title":"Pak J Med Health Sci"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Pregnancy outcomes in obese and non-obese females","volume":"33","author":"Rashid S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rashid S, Kadri S, Izhar S, et al.. Pregnancy outcomes in obese and non-obese females. Med Forum Mon. 2022, 33:92-5.","journal-title":"Med Forum Mon"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13224-019-01301-8","article-title":"Maternal obesity and pregnancy outcome: in perspective of new Asian Indian guidelines","volume":"70","author":"Kutchi I","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kutchi I, Chellammal P, Akila A. Maternal obesity and pregnancy outcome: in perspective of new Asian Indian guidelines. J Obstet Gynaecol India. 2020, 70:138-44. 10.1007\/s13224-019-01301-8","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol India"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"Impact of low level of education on health inequalities in Pakistan: a descriptive analysis of maternal health","volume":"6","author":"Afzal A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Afzal A, Sohil F, Tehreem H, et al.. Impact of low level of education on health inequalities in Pakistan: a descriptive analysis of maternal health. J Posit Sch Psychol. 2022, 6:3315-23.","journal-title":"J Posit Sch Psychol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-14-235","article-title":"Maternal obesity and its relation with the cesarean section: a hospital based cross sectional study in Iraq","volume":"14","author":"Al-Kubaisy W","year":"2014","unstructured":"Al-Kubaisy W, Al-Rubaey M, Al-Naggar RA, Karim B, Mohd Noor NA. Maternal obesity and its relation with the cesarean section: a hospital based cross sectional study in Iraq. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2014, 14:235. 10.1186\/1471-2393-14-235","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-10692-1","article-title":"Prevalence of overweight and obesity, and associations with socio-demographic factors in Kuwait","volume":"21","author":"Oguoma VM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Oguoma VM, Coffee NT, Alsharrah S, Abu-Farha M, Al-Refaei FH, Al-Mulla F, Daniel M. Prevalence of overweight and obesity, and associations with socio-demographic factors in Kuwait. BMC Public Health. 2021, 21:667. 10.1186\/s12889-021-10692-1","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11591\/ijphs.v11i4.21810","article-title":"Babies born to obese mothers: what are the characteristics and outcomes?","volume":"11","author":"Yunanto A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yunanto A, Andayani P, Halim PG, et al.. Babies born to obese mothers: what are the characteristics and outcomes?. Int J Public Health. 2022, 11:1333-40. 10.11591\/ijphs.v11i4.21810","journal-title":"Int J Public Health"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-10786-9","article-title":"Obstetric outcomes during delivery hospitalizations among obese pregnant women in the United States","volume":"12","author":"Rubens M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rubens M, Ramamoorthy V, Saxena A, McGranaghan P, Veledar E, Hernandez A. Obstetric outcomes during delivery hospitalizations among obese pregnant women in the United States. Sci Rep. 2022, 12:6862. 10.1038\/s41598-022-10786-9","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"Maternal outcome in obese and non-obese women","volume":"10","author":"Asif S","year":"2016","unstructured":"Asif S, Ejaz S, Waheed K. Maternal outcome in obese and non-obese women. Pak J Med Health Sci. 2016, 10:278-80.","journal-title":"Pak J Med Health Sci"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1570161118666200525133530","article-title":"The myometrium in pregnant women with obesity","volume":"19","author":"Carvajal JA","year":"2021","unstructured":"Carvajal JA, Oporto JI. The myometrium in pregnant women with obesity. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2021, 19:193-200. 10.2174\/1570161118666200525133530","journal-title":"Curr Vasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15167\/2421-4248\/jpmh2020.61.3.1430","article-title":"Association between parity and obesity: a cross sectional study on 6,447 Iranian females","volume":"61","author":"Taghdir M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Taghdir M, Alimohamadi Y, Sepandi M, Rezaianzadeh A, Abbaszadeh S, Mahmud FM. Association between parity and obesity: a cross sectional study on 6,447 Iranian females. J Prev Med Hyg. 2020, 61:E476-81. 10.15167\/2421-4248\/jpmh2020.61.3.1430","journal-title":"J Prev Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12986-016-0133-7","article-title":"Association between parity and obesity patterns in a middle-aged and older Chinese population: a cross-sectional analysis in the Tongji-Dongfeng cohort study","volume":"13","author":"Li W","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li W, Wang Y, Shen L, et al.. Association between parity and obesity patterns in a middle-aged and older Chinese population: a cross-sectional analysis in the Tongji-Dongfeng cohort study. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2016, 13:72. 10.1186\/s12986-016-0133-7","journal-title":"Nutr Metab (Lond)"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-020-02456-4","article-title":"Evaluation of maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnancy with high BMI","volume":"190","author":"Bracken O","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bracken O, Langhe R. Evaluation of maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnancy with high BMI. Ir J Med Sci. 2021, 190:1439-44. 10.1007\/s11845-020-02456-4","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2016.1216098","article-title":"The effects of maternal obesity on perinatal outcomes among those born small for gestational age","volume":"30","author":"Yao R","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yao R, Park BY, Caughey AB. The effects of maternal obesity on perinatal outcomes among those born small for gestational age. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2017, 30:1417-22. 10.1080\/14767058.2016.1216098","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nursrep14020094","article-title":"Obesity prevalence and its impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes among pregnant women: a retrospective cross-sectional study design","volume":"14","author":"AlAnnaz WA","year":"2024","unstructured":"AlAnnaz WA, Gouda AD, Abou El-Soud FA, Alanazi MR. Obesity prevalence and its impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes among pregnant women: a retrospective cross-sectional study design. Nurs Rep. 2024, 14:1236-50. 10.3390\/nursrep14020094","journal-title":"Nurs Rep"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5001\/omj.2016.03","article-title":"The effect of obesity on pregnancy and its outcome in the population of Oman, Seeb Province","volume":"31","author":"Al-Hakmani FM","year":"2016","unstructured":"Al-Hakmani FM, Al-Fadhil FA, Al-Balushi LH, et al.. The effect of obesity on pregnancy and its outcome in the population of Oman, Seeb Province. Oman Med J. 2016, 31:12-17. 10.5001\/omj.2016.03","journal-title":"Oman Med J"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011626","article-title":"Does pre-pregnancy BMI determine blood pressure during pregnancy? A prospective cohort study","volume":"6","author":"Savitri AI","year":"2016","unstructured":"Savitri AI, Zuithoff P, Browne JL, Amelia D, Baharuddin M, Grobbee DE, Uiterwaal CS. Does pre-pregnancy BMI determine blood pressure during pregnancy? A prospective cohort study. BMJ Open. 2016, 6:e011626. 10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011626","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000462","article-title":"Body mass index and operative times at cesarean delivery","volume":"124","author":"Girsen AI","year":"2014","unstructured":"Girsen AI, Osmundson SS, Naqvi M, Garabedian MJ, Lyell DJ. Body mass index and operative times at cesarean delivery. Obstet Gynecol. 2014, 124:684-9. 10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000462","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1348402","article-title":"Maternal obesity and risk of postcesarean wound complications","volume":"31","author":"Conner SN","year":"2014","unstructured":"Conner SN, Verticchio JC, Tuuli MG, Odibo AO, Macones GA, Cahill AG. Maternal obesity and risk of postcesarean wound complications. Am J Perinatol. 2014, 31:299-304. 10.1055\/s-0033-1348402","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"ref29","article-title":"Effect of maternal obesity on operative and post-operative complications of elective cesarean section: an observational cross-sectional study","volume":"96","author":"Dabian B","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dabian B, Elmahdy S, Elmazny A, et al.. Effect of maternal obesity on operative and post-operative complications of elective cesarean section: an observational cross-sectional study. Egypt J Hosp Med. 2024, 96:2385-93.","journal-title":"Egypt J Hosp Med"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.7163","article-title":"Association between maternal obesity and cesarean delivery complications","volume":"12","author":"Saadia Z","year":"2020","unstructured":"Saadia Z. Association between maternal obesity and cesarean delivery complications. Cureus. 2020, 12:e7163. 10.7759\/cureus.7163","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/whe.10.77","article-title":"Cesarean delivery in the obese parturient: anesthetic considerations","volume":"7","author":"Loubert C","year":"2011","unstructured":"Loubert C, Fernando R. Cesarean delivery in the obese parturient: anesthetic considerations. Womens Health (Lond). 2011, 7:163-79. 10.2217\/whe.10.77","journal-title":"Womens Health (Lond)"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1947-2714.92895","article-title":"Cesarean section in morbidly obese parturients: practical implications and complications","volume":"4","author":"Machado LS","year":"2012","unstructured":"Machado LS. Cesarean section in morbidly obese parturients: practical implications and complications. N Am J Med Sci. 2012, 4:13-18. 10.4103\/1947-2714.92895","journal-title":"N Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2010.2248","article-title":"Maternal prepregnancy body mass index and initiation and duration of breastfeeding: a review of the literature","volume":"20","author":"Wojcicki JM","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wojcicki JM. Maternal prepregnancy body mass index and initiation and duration of breastfeeding: a review of the literature. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2011, 20:341-7. 10.1089\/jwh.2010.2248","journal-title":"J Womens Health (Larchmt)"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/134.7.1746","article-title":"Maternal obesity is negatively associated with breastfeeding success among Hispanic but not Black women","volume":"134","author":"Kugyelka JG","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kugyelka JG, Rasmussen KM, Frongillo EA. Maternal obesity is negatively associated with breastfeeding success among Hispanic but not Black women. J Nutr. 2004, 134:1746-53. 10.1093\/jn\/134.7.1746","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"Pregnancy outcome among obese Indians - a prospective cohort study in a tertiary care centre in South India","volume":"2","author":"Dasgupta A","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dasgupta A, Harichandrakumar K, Habeebullah S. Pregnancy outcome among obese Indians - a prospective cohort study in a tertiary care centre in South India. Int J Sci Stud. 2014, 2:13-18.","journal-title":"Int J Sci Stud"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"Retrospective cohort study of the effects of obesity in early pregnancy on maternal weight gain and obstetric outcomes in an obstetric population in Africa","volume":"501","author":"Iyoke CA","year":"2013","unstructured":"Iyoke CA, Ugwu GO, Ezugwu FO, et al.. Retrospective cohort study of the effects of obesity in early pregnancy on maternal weight gain and obstetric outcomes in an obstetric population in Africa. Int J Womens Health. 2013, 501:7.","journal-title":"Int J Womens Health"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.312.6530","article-title":"Adverse fetomaternal outcome among pregnant overweight women","volume":"31","author":"Awan S","year":"2015","unstructured":"Awan S, Bibi S, Makhdoom A, Farooq S, Sm T, Qazi RA. Adverse fetomaternal outcome among pregnant overweight women. Pak J Med Sci. 2015, 31:383-7. 10.12669\/pjms.312.6530","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/345094-a-comparative-study-of-maternal-and-neonatal-outcomes-in-obese-and-non-obese-iraqi-pregnant-women-undergoing-cesarean-section","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T17:56:02Z","timestamp":1742752562000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/345094-a-comparative-study-of-maternal-and-neonatal-outcomes-in-obese-and-non-obese-iraqi-pregnant-women-undergoing-cesarean-section"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]]},"references-count":37,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.81039","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]]}}}