{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T06:01:12Z","timestamp":1787032872414,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.81489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T04:45:54Z","timestamp":1743396354000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Thyroid Gland Disorders and Physical Activity: Can They Affect Each Other?"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"Gavriilidou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angeliki","family":"Chorti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aggeliki","family":"Psomiadou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eirini","family":"Koidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Papaioannou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodosios","family":"Papavramidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2020-102955","article-title":"World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour","volume":"54","author":"Bull FC","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bull FC, Al-Ansari SS, Biddle S, et al.. World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Br J Sports Med. 2020, 54:1451-62. 10.1136\/bjsports-2020-102955","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(24)00150-5","article-title":"National, regional, and global trends in insufficient physical activity among adults from 2000 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 507 population-based surveys with 5\u00b77 million participants","volume":"12","author":"Strain T","year":"2024","unstructured":"Strain T, Flaxman S, Guthold R, et al.. National, regional, and global trends in insufficient physical activity among adults from 2000 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 507 population-based surveys with 5\u00b77 million participants. Lancet Glob Health. 2024, 12:e1232-43. 10.1016\/S2214-109X(24)00150-5","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-30726-3_17","article-title":"Thyroid disorders","author":"Gessl A","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gessl A, Lemmens-Gruber R, Kautzky-Willer A. Thyroid disorders. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2012, 361-86. 10.1007\/978-3-642-30726-3_17","journal-title":"Handb Exp Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/JSR.0b013e3181954a12","article-title":"Thyroid disorders in athletes","volume":"8","author":"Duhig TJ","year":"2009","unstructured":"Duhig TJ, McKeag D. Thyroid disorders in athletes. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2009, 8:16-9. 10.1249\/JSR.0b013e3181954a12","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/JSR.0000000000000452","article-title":"Thyroid disorders in athletes","volume":"17","author":"Luksch JR","year":"2018","unstructured":"Luksch JR, Collins PB. Thyroid disorders in athletes. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018, 17:59-64. 10.1249\/JSR.0000000000000452","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091171","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter in athletes","volume":"46","author":"Calvo N","year":"2012","unstructured":"Calvo N, Brugada J, Sitges M, Mont L. Atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter in athletes. Br J Sports Med. 2012, 46:i37-43. 10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091171","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1797.2011.01528.x","article-title":"Rhabdomyolysis after a regular exercise session in a patient with Graves' disease","volume":"17","author":"Kim HR","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim HR, Kim SH, Oh DJ. Rhabdomyolysis after a regular exercise session in a patient with Graves' disease. Nephrology (Carlton). 2012, 17:307-8. 10.1111\/j.1440-1797.2011.01528.x","journal-title":"Nephrology (Carlton)"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2014.02.014","article-title":"Musculoskeletal manifestations of endocrine disorders","volume":"38","author":"Boswell SB","year":"2014","unstructured":"Boswell SB, Patel DB, White EA, Gottsegen CJ, Forrester DM, Masih S, Matcuk GR Jr. Musculoskeletal manifestations of endocrine disorders. Clin Imaging. 2014, 38:384-96. 10.1016\/j.clinimag.2014.02.014","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2010.09.001","article-title":"Musculoskeletal manifestations of thyroid disease","volume":"36","author":"Anwar S","year":"2010","unstructured":"Anwar S, Gibofsky A. Musculoskeletal manifestations of thyroid disease. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2010, 36:637-46. 10.1016\/j.rdc.2010.09.001","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-013-9167-x","article-title":"Update on stress fractures in female athletes: epidemiology, treatment, and prevention","volume":"6","author":"Chen YT","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen YT, Tenforde AS, Fredericson M. Update on stress fractures in female athletes: epidemiology, treatment, and prevention. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2013, 6:173-81. 10.1007\/s12178-013-9167-x","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/ajcr.904691","article-title":"Rhabdomyolysis in a patient with severe hypothyroidism","volume":"18","author":"Salehi N","year":"2017","unstructured":"Salehi N, Agoston E, Munir I, Thompson GJ. Rhabdomyolysis in a patient with severe hypothyroidism. Am J Case Rep. 2017, 18:912-8. 10.12659\/ajcr.904691","journal-title":"Am J Case Rep"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2017.0277","article-title":"Efficacy of a home-based exercise program after thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer patients","volume":"28","author":"Kim K","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim K, Gu MO, Jung JH, Hahm JR, Kim SK, Kim JH, Woo SH. Efficacy of a home-based exercise program after thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer patients. Thyroid. 2018, 28:236-45. 10.1089\/thy.2017.0277","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-2730000002968","article-title":"Exercise is associated with better quality of life in patients on TSH-suppressive therapy with levothyroxine for differentiated thyroid carcinoma","volume":"58","author":"Vig\u00e1rio Pdos S","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vig\u00e1rio Pdos S, Chachamovitz DS, Teixeira Pde F, Rocque Mde L, Santos ML, Vaisman M. Exercise is associated with better quality of life in patients on TSH-suppressive therapy with levothyroxine for differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol. 2014, 58:274-81. 10.1590\/0004-2730000002968","journal-title":"Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.15.4.261","article-title":"Thyroid function and physical activity. A preliminary communication","volume":"15","author":"Adler J","year":"1981","unstructured":"Adler J, Brown K, Craig M, Price DJ, Wardlaw JM. Thyroid function and physical activity. A preliminary communication. Br J Sports Med. 1981, 15:261-4. 10.1136\/bjsm.15.4.261","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.49.8.798","article-title":"Psychosocial functioning of young adults with cystic fibrosis and their families","volume":"49","author":"Blair C","year":"1994","unstructured":"Blair C, Cull A, Freeman CP. Psychosocial functioning of young adults with cystic fibrosis and their families. Thorax. 1994, 49:798-802. 10.1136\/thx.49.8.798","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"The effect of progresive relaxation training on free radicals, antioxidant system and oxydative DNA damage","volume":"27","author":"A\u011fg\u00f6n E","year":"2018","unstructured":"A\u011fg\u00f6n E, \u00d6zt\u00fcrk N, Alp HH, Siktar E, Agirbas O, Bakan E. The effect of progresive relaxation training on free radicals, antioxidant system and oxydative DNA damage. Fresenius Environmental Bull. 2018, 27:1940-5.","journal-title":"Fresenius Environmental Bull"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2012.07938.x","article-title":"Microvascular protection is essential for successful neuroprotection in stroke","volume":"123","author":"Gursoy-Ozdemir Y","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gursoy-Ozdemir Y, Yemisci M, Dalkara T. Microvascular protection is essential for successful neuroprotection in stroke. J Neurochem. 2012, 123:2-11. 10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2012.07938.x","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"The effect of extreme sports on oxidative stress","volume":"13","author":"Aggon E","year":"2018","unstructured":"Aggon E, A\u011firba\u015f \u00d6, U\u00e7an I, Hackney AC, Agirbas O, Ucan I. The effect of extreme sports on oxidative stress. Arch Budo Sci Martial Arts Extreme Sports. 2018, 13:","journal-title":"Arch Budo Sci Martial Arts Extreme Sports"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.00494.x","article-title":"Resistance exercise dosage in older adults: single- versus multiset effects on physical performance and body composition","volume":"53","author":"Galv\u00e3o DA","year":"2005","unstructured":"Galv\u00e3o DA, Taaffe DR. Resistance exercise dosage in older adults: single- versus multiset effects on physical performance and body composition. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005, 53:2090-7. 10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.00494.x","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2014.08.001","article-title":"Oxygen sensing and metabolic homeostasis","volume":"397","author":"Palmer BF","year":"2014","unstructured":"Palmer BF, Clegg DJ. Oxygen sensing and metabolic homeostasis. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2014, 397:51-8. 10.1016\/j.mce.2014.08.001","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03036602","article-title":"The lattice dynamics of some type-I and type-II alloys","volume":"20","author":"Colako\u011flu K","year":"1998","unstructured":"Colako\u011flu K, Colak H, U\u011fur G, \u00f6ztekin Y. The lattice dynamics of some type-I and type-II alloys. Il Nuovo Cimento D. 1998, 20:1863-70. 10.1007\/BF03036602","journal-title":"Il Nuovo Cimento D"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2016.00457","article-title":"Computational models of reactive oxygen species as metabolic byproducts and signal-transduction modulators","volume":"7","author":"Pereira EJ","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pereira EJ, Smolko CM, Janes KA. Computational models of reactive oxygen species as metabolic byproducts and signal-transduction modulators. Front Pharmacol. 2016, 7:457. 10.3389\/fphar.2016.00457","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-18768-4","article-title":"Association between physical activity and thyroid function in American adults: a survey from the NHANES database","volume":"24","author":"Tian L","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tian L, Lu C, Teng W. Association between physical activity and thyroid function in American adults: a survey from the NHANES database. BMC Public Health. 2024, 24:1277. 10.1186\/s12889-024-18768-4","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2020.0517","article-title":"Thyroid function and physical activity: a population-based cohort study","volume":"31","author":"Roa Due\u00f1as OH","year":"2021","unstructured":"Roa Due\u00f1as OH, Koolhaas C, Voortman T, Franco OH, Ikram MA, Peeters RP, Chaker L. Thyroid function and physical activity: a population-based cohort study. Thyroid. 2021, 31:870-5. 10.1089\/thy.2020.0517","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/hmbci-2018-0025","article-title":"Effects of different exercise loads on the thyroid hormone levels and serum lipid profile in swimmers","volume":"38","author":"Kocahan S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kocahan S, Dundar A. Effects of different exercise loads on the thyroid hormone levels and serum lipid profile in swimmers. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig. 2018, 38:10.1515\/hmbci-2018-0025","journal-title":"Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-014-3542-8","article-title":"Thyroidectomy as primary treatment optimizes body mass index in patients with hyperthyroidism","volume":"21","author":"Schneider DF","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schneider DF, Nookala R, Jaraczewski TJ, Chen H, Solorzano CC, Sippel RS. Thyroidectomy as primary treatment optimizes body mass index in patients with hyperthyroidism. Ann Surg Oncol. 2014, 21:2303-9. 10.1245\/s10434-014-3542-8","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/105072502760043503","article-title":"Fractures in patients with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism: a nationwide follow-up study in 16,249 patients","volume":"12","author":"Vestergaard P","year":"2002","unstructured":"Vestergaard P, Mosekilde L. Fractures in patients with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism: a nationwide follow-up study in 16,249 patients. Thyroid. 2002, 12:411-9. 10.1089\/105072502760043503","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2013.0043","article-title":"Differences in heart rate profile during exercise among subjects with subclinical thyroid disease","volume":"23","author":"Maor E","year":"2013","unstructured":"Maor E, Kivity S, Kopel E, Segev S, Sidi Y, Goldenberg I, Olchovsky D. Differences in heart rate profile during exercise among subjects with subclinical thyroid disease. Thyroid. 2013, 23:1226-32. 10.1089\/thy.2013.0043","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-199520030-00005","article-title":"Thyroid status and exercise tolerance. Cardiovascular and metabolic considerations","volume":"20","author":"McAllister RM","year":"1995","unstructured":"McAllister RM, Delp MD, Laughlin MH. Thyroid status and exercise tolerance. Cardiovascular and metabolic considerations. Sports Med. 1995, 20:189-98. 10.2165\/00007256-199520030-00005","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"Exercise intensity and its effects on thyroid hormones","volume":"26","author":"Ciloglu F","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ciloglu F, Peker I, Pehlivan A, Karacabey K, Ilhan N, Saygin O, Ozmerdivenli R. Exercise intensity and its effects on thyroid hormones. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2005, 26:830-4.","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol Lett"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00421162","article-title":"TSH, T3, rT3 and fT4 in maximal and submaximal physical exercise","volume":"48","author":"Schmid P","year":"1982","unstructured":"Schmid P, Wolf W, Pilger E, Schwaberger G, Pessenhofer H, Pristautz H, Leb G. TSH, T3, rT3 and fT4 in maximal and submaximal physical exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1982, 48:31-9. 10.1007\/BF00421162","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctcp.2023.101795","article-title":"Effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined training on thyroid function and quality of life in hypothyroidism. A randomized controlled trial","volume":"53","author":"Ahmad AM","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ahmad AM, Serry ZH, Abd Elghaffar HA, Ghazi HA, El Gayar SL. Effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined training on thyroid function and quality of life in hypothyroidism. A randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2023, 53:101795. 10.1016\/j.ctcp.2023.101795","journal-title":"Complement Ther Clin Pract"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02701367.2014.930405","article-title":"Impact of overt and subclinical hypothyroidism on exercise tolerance: a systematic review","volume":"85","author":"Lankhaar JA","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lankhaar JA, de Vries WR, Jansen JA, Zelissen PM, Backx FJ. Impact of overt and subclinical hypothyroidism on exercise tolerance: a systematic review. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2014, 85:365-89. 10.1080\/02701367.2014.930405","journal-title":"Res Q Exerc Sport"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03630242.2020.1831682","article-title":"Survey analysis of exercise participation and skeletal muscle symptoms in women with hypothyroidism","volume":"61","author":"Guerin G","year":"2021","unstructured":"Guerin G, Gordon R, Zumbro EL, Amuta A, Duplanty A. Survey analysis of exercise participation and skeletal muscle symptoms in women with hypothyroidism. Women Health. 2021, 61:160-70. 10.1080\/03630242.2020.1831682","journal-title":"Women Health"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2021.1940696","article-title":"Physical activity, sports participation and exercise-related constraints in adult women with primary hypothyroidism treated with thyroid hormone replacement therapy","volume":"39","author":"Lankhaar JA","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lankhaar JA, Kemler E, Hofstetter H, Collard DC, Zelissen PM, Stubbe JH, Backx FJ. Physical activity, sports participation and exercise-related constraints in adult women with primary hypothyroidism treated with thyroid hormone replacement therapy. J Sports Sci. 2021, 39:2493-502. 10.1080\/02640414.2021.1940696","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.2021-0230","article-title":"Physical activity in women with hypothyroidism on thyroid hormone therapy: associated factors and perceived barriers and benefits","volume":"18","author":"Lankhaar JA","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lankhaar JA, Kemler E, Stubbe JH, Backx FJ. Physical activity in women with hypothyroidism on thyroid hormone therapy: associated factors and perceived barriers and benefits. J Phys Act Health. 2021, 18:1383-92. 10.1123\/jpah.2021-0230","journal-title":"J Phys Act Health"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-018-0981-2","article-title":"Physical activity in women with subclinical hypothyroidism","volume":"42","author":"Tanriverdi A","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tanriverdi A, Ozcan Kahraman B, Ozsoy I, et al.. Physical activity in women with subclinical hypothyroidism. J Endocrinol Invest. 2019, 42:779-85. 10.1007\/s40618-018-0981-2","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291708004960","article-title":"Neuropsychological functioning, illness perception, mood and quality of life in chronic fatigue syndrome, autoimmune thyroid disease and healthy participants","volume":"39","author":"Dickson A","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dickson A, Toft A, O'Carroll RE. Neuropsychological functioning, illness perception, mood and quality of life in chronic fatigue syndrome, autoimmune thyroid disease and healthy participants. Psychol Med. 2009, 39:1567-76. 10.1017\/S0033291708004960","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20945\/2359-3997000000073","article-title":"Exercise training improves quality of life in women with subclinical hypothyroidism: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"62","author":"Werneck FZ","year":"2018","unstructured":"Werneck FZ, Coelho EF, Almas SP, et al.. Exercise training improves quality of life in women with subclinical hypothyroidism: a randomized clinical trial. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2018, 62:530-6. 10.20945\/2359-3997000000073","journal-title":"Arch Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.28.3489","article-title":"Effects of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on spatial learning ability in hypothyroid rats: a pilot study","volume":"28","author":"Park SH","year":"2016","unstructured":"Park SH, Song M. Effects of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on spatial learning ability in hypothyroid rats: a pilot study. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016, 28:3489-92. 10.1589\/jpts.28.3489","journal-title":"J Phys Ther Sci"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00584805","article-title":"Maximum oxygen consumption and catecholamines in thyroidectomized dogs","volume":"395","author":"Therminarias A","year":"1982","unstructured":"Therminarias A, Lucas A. Maximum oxygen consumption and catecholamines in thyroidectomized dogs. Pflugers Arch. 1982, 395:175-81. 10.1007\/BF00584805","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00421513","article-title":"Metabolic and temperature responses to physical exercise in thyroidectomized dogs","volume":"40","author":"Kaciuba-U\u015bci\u0142ko H","year":"1979","unstructured":"Kaciuba-U\u015bci\u0142ko H, Brzezi\u0144ska Z, Kobry\u0144 A. Metabolic and temperature responses to physical exercise in thyroidectomized dogs. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1979, 40:219-26. 10.1007\/BF00421513","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02531811","article-title":"Free fatty acid metabolism during stress: exercise, acute cold exposure, and anaphylactic shock","volume":"8","author":"Paul P","year":"1973","unstructured":"Paul P, Holmes WL. Free fatty acid metabolism during stress: exercise, acute cold exposure, and anaphylactic shock. Lipids. 1973, 8:142-50. 10.1007\/BF02531811","journal-title":"Lipids"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2018.01.018","article-title":"Exercise training versus T3 and T4 hormones treatment: The differential benefits of thyroid hormones on the parasympathetic drive of infarcted rats","volume":"196","author":"Teixeira RB","year":"2018","unstructured":"Teixeira RB, Zimmer A, de Castro AL, et al.. Exercise training versus T3 and T4 hormones treatment: The differential benefits of thyroid hormones on the parasympathetic drive of infarcted rats. Life Sci. 2018, 196:93-101. 10.1016\/j.lfs.2018.01.018","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/S0022-4707.16.06609-3","article-title":"Effect of moderate or high intensity exercise on hypothyroid rats exposed to acute stress","volume":"57","author":"Kasimay \u00c7akir \u00d6","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kasimay \u00c7akir \u00d6, \u00d6zbeyli D, \u015eenel E, Contuk G, Velio\u011flu \u00d6\u011f\u00fcn\u00e7 A, \u00c7etinel \u015e, Ye\u011fen B\u00c7. Effect of moderate or high intensity exercise on hypothyroid rats exposed to acute stress. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2017, 57:1711-20. 10.23736\/S0022-4707.16.06609-3","journal-title":"J Sports Med Phys Fitness"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2013.01.003","article-title":"Treadmill exercise ameliorates symptoms of methimazole-induced hypothyroidism through enhancing neurogenesis and suppressing apoptosis in the hippocampus of rat pups","volume":"31","author":"Shin MS","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shin MS, Ko IG, Kim SE, et al.. Treadmill exercise ameliorates symptoms of methimazole-induced hypothyroidism through enhancing neurogenesis and suppressing apoptosis in the hippocampus of rat pups. Int J Dev Neurosci. 2013, 31:214-23. 10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2013.01.003","journal-title":"Int J Dev Neurosci"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/321206-thyroid-gland-disorders-and-physical-activity-can-they-affect-each-other","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T04:45:58Z","timestamp":1743396358000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/321206-thyroid-gland-disorders-and-physical-activity-can-they-affect-each-other"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"references-count":46,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.81489","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]}}}