{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T17:00:19Z","timestamp":1778173219327,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.81633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]],"date-time":"2025-04-03T05:02:18Z","timestamp":1743656538000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Etiological Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Urinary Isolates Causing Urinary Tract Infections in Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Rajkot, Gujarat"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Mayuri","family":"Bhise","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kinjal","family":"Chauhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Garima","family":"Anandani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashwini","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1756287219832172","article-title":"An introduction to the epidemiology and burden of urinary tract infections","volume":"11","author":"Medina M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Medina M, Castillo-Pino E. An introduction to the epidemiology and burden of urinary tract infections. Ther Adv Urol. 2019, 11:1756287219832172. 10.1177\/1756287219832172","journal-title":"Ther Adv Urol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-021-03913-0","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of urinary tract infections from 1990 to 2019: an analysis of the global burden of disease study 2019","volume":"40","author":"Zeng Z","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zeng Z, Zhan J, Zhang K, Chen H, Cheng S. Global, regional, and national burden of urinary tract infections from 1990 to 2019: an analysis of the global burden of disease study 2019. World J Urol. 2022, 40:755-63. 10.1007\/s00345-021-03913-0","journal-title":"World J Urol"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Uropathogens and their antimicrobial resistance patterns: relationship with urinary tract infections","volume":"13","author":"Ahmed SS","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ahmed SS, Shariq A, Alsalloom AA, Babikir IH, Alhomoud BN. Uropathogens and their antimicrobial resistance patterns: relationship with urinary tract infections. Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2019, 13:48-55.","journal-title":"Int J Health Sci (Qassim)"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3432","article-title":"Urinary tract infections: epidemiology, mechanisms of infection and treatment options","volume":"13","author":"Flores-Mireles AL","year":"2015","unstructured":"Flores-Mireles AL, Walker JN, Caparon M, Hultgren SJ. Urinary tract infections: epidemiology, mechanisms of infection and treatment options. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2015, 13:269-84. 10.1038\/nrmicro3432","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-019-1612-6","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance patterns of uropathogens isolated from adult women with acute uncomplicated cystitis","volume":"19","author":"Al-Zahrani J","year":"2019","unstructured":"Al-Zahrani J, Al Dossari K, Gabr AH, Ahmed AF, Al Shahrani SA, Al-Ghamdi S. Antimicrobial resistance patterns of uropathogens isolated from adult women with acute uncomplicated cystitis. BMC Microbiol. 2019, 19:237. 10.1186\/s12866-019-1612-6","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000499238","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Escherichia coli among Tunisian outpatients with community-acquired urinary tract infection (2012-2018)","volume":"14","author":"Daoud N","year":"2020","unstructured":"Daoud N, Hamdoun M, Hannachi H, Gharsallah C, Mallekh W, Bahri O. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Escherichia coli among Tunisian outpatients with community-acquired urinary tract infection (2012-2018). Curr Urol. 2020, 14:200-5. 10.1159\/000499238","journal-title":"Curr Urol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_2090_20","article-title":"A retrospective study on the microbial spectrum and antibiogram of uropathogens in children in a secondary care hospital in Rural Vellore, South India","volume":"10","author":"Tryphena C","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tryphena C, Sahni RD, John S, Jeyapaul S, George A, Helan J. A retrospective study on the microbial spectrum and antibiogram of uropathogens in children in a secondary care hospital in Rural Vellore, South India. J Family Med Prim Care. 2021, 10:1706-11. 10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_2090_20","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_147_18","article-title":"Policy document on antimicrobial stewardship practices in India","volume":"149","author":"Walia K","year":"2019","unstructured":"Walia K, Ohri VC, Madhumathi J, Ramasubramanian V. Policy document on antimicrobial stewardship practices in India. Indian J Med Res. 2019, 149:180-4. 10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_147_18","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"Tests for the identification of bacteria","author":"Collee JG","year":"1996","unstructured":"Collee JG, Miles RS, Watt B. Tests for the identification of bacteria. Mackie & McCartney practical medical microbiology, 14th edition. Collee JG, Marmion BP, Fraser AG, Simmons A (ed): Churchill Livingstone, New York; 1996. 1996."},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"Laboratory diagnosis of urinary tract infections","author":"McCarter YS","year":"2009","unstructured":"McCarter YS, Burd EM, Hall GS, Zervos M. Laboratory diagnosis of urinary tract infections. Sharp SE (ed): ASM Press, Washington, DC; 2009."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-012-1806-4","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of Vitek 2 identification and susceptibility testing of urinary tract pathogens directly and isolated from chromogenic media","volume":"32","author":"Munoz-D\u00e1vila MJ","year":"2013","unstructured":"Munoz-D\u00e1vila MJ, Roig M, Yag\u00fce G, Bl\u00e1zquez A, Salvador C, Segovia M. Comparative evaluation of Vitek 2 identification and susceptibility testing of urinary tract pathogens directly and isolated from chromogenic media. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2013, 32:773-80. 10.1007\/s10096-012-1806-4","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"Notes on medical bacteriology","author":"Sleigh JD","year":"1986","unstructured":"Sleigh JD, Timbury MC. Notes on medical bacteriology. Churchill Livingstone, New York; 1986."},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"Performance CLSI. Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility TestingWayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2024 CLSI supplement M100","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2022","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.  M100\u2014performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing, 32nd edition. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne (PA); 2022. https:\/\/clsi.org\/standards\/products\/microbiology\/documents\/m100\/."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3947\/ic.2018.50.1.67","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines for the antibiotic treatment of community-acquired urinary tract infections","volume":"50","author":"Kang CI","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kang CI, Kim J, Park DW, et al.. Clinical practice guidelines for the antibiotic treatment of community-acquired urinary tract infections. Infect Chemother. 2018, 50:67-100. 10.3947\/ic.2018.50.1.67","journal-title":"Infect Chemother"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdv072","article-title":"Medication misuse in India: a major public health issue in India","volume":"38","author":"Porter G","year":"2016","unstructured":"Porter G, Grills N. Medication misuse in India: a major public health issue in India. J Public Health (Oxf). 2016, 38:150-7. 10.1093\/pubmed\/fdv072","journal-title":"J Public Health (Oxf)"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"Prevalence of urinary tract infection in both outpatient department and in patient department at a medical college setting of Bangladesh","volume":"7","author":"Moue A","year":"2015","unstructured":"Moue A, Aktaruzzaman SA, Ferdous N, Khalil RK, Das AK. Prevalence of urinary tract infection in both outpatient department and in patient department at a medical college setting of Bangladesh. Int J Biosci. 2015, 7:146-52.","journal-title":"Int J Biosci"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-0711-6-4","article-title":"Etiology and antibiotic resistance patterns of community-acquired urinary tract infections in J N M C Hospital Aligarh, India","volume":"6","author":"Akram M","year":"2007","unstructured":"Akram M, Shahid M, Khan AU. Etiology and antibiotic resistance patterns of community-acquired urinary tract infections in J N M C Hospital Aligarh, India. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2007, 6:4. 10.1186\/1476-0711-6-4","journal-title":"Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-0218.94023","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance pattern of community acquired uropathogens at a tertiary care hospital in jaipur, rajasthan","volume":"37","author":"Sood S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sood S, Gupta R. Antibiotic resistance pattern of community acquired uropathogens at a tertiary care hospital in jaipur, rajasthan. Indian J Community Med. 2012, 37:39-44. 10.4103\/0970-0218.94023","journal-title":"Indian J Community Med"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/749629","article-title":"Distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacterial pathogens causing urinary tract infection in urban community of meerut city, India","volume":"2013","author":"Prakash D","year":"2013","unstructured":"Prakash D, Saxena RS. Distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacterial pathogens causing urinary tract infection in urban community of meerut city, India. ISRN Microbiol. 2013, 2013:749629. 10.1155\/2013\/749629","journal-title":"ISRN Microbiol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4246780","article-title":"Prevalence of bacterial urinary tract infections and associated factors among patients attending hospitals in Bushenyi District, Uganda","volume":"2019","author":"Odoki M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Odoki M, Almustapha Aliero A, Tibyangye J, et al.. Prevalence of bacterial urinary tract infections and associated factors among patients attending hospitals in Bushenyi District, Uganda. Int J Microbiol. 2019, 2019:4246780. 10.1155\/2019\/4246780","journal-title":"Int J Microbiol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/bbrj.bbrj_212_20","article-title":"Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains in Sonipat region of Haryana in India","volume":"5","author":"Malik S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Malik S, Rana JS, Nehra K. Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains in Sonipat region of Haryana in India. Biomed Biotechnol Res J. 2021, 5:80-7. 10.4103\/bbrj.bbrj_212_20","journal-title":"Biomed Biotechnol Res J"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/aid.2015.54016","article-title":"Clino\u2011pathological features of urinary tract infection in rural India","volume":"5","author":"Raval R","year":"2015","unstructured":"Raval R, Verma RJ, Kareliya H. Clino\u2011pathological features of urinary tract infection in rural India. Adv Infect Dis. 2015, 5:132. 10.4236\/aid.2015.54016","journal-title":"Adv Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01566","article-title":"Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) infections: virulence factors, bladder responses, antibiotic, and non-antibiotic antimicrobial strategies","volume":"8","author":"Terlizzi ME","year":"2017","unstructured":"Terlizzi ME, Gribaudo G, Maffei ME. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) infections: virulence factors, bladder responses, antibiotic, and non-antibiotic antimicrobial strategies. Front Microbiol. 2017, 8:1566. 10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01566","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18231\/j.ijmmtd.2020.002","article-title":"Bacterial profile and antibiogram of urine culture isolates in a teritiary care center","volume":"6","author":"Kumar GL","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kumar GL, Shreedevi S, Pratyusha Y, Balakrishna J, Lavanya V. Bacterial profile and antibiogram of urine culture isolates in a teritiary care center. Int J Med Microbiol Trop Dis. 2020, 6:6-11. 10.18231\/j.ijmmtd.2020.002","journal-title":"Int J Med Microbiol Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"Bacterial profile of urinary tract infections and antibiotic resistance pattern in a tertiary care hospital","volume":"18","author":"Smita MS","year":"2019","unstructured":"Smita MS, Wavare SS, Gajul S, Sajjan AG. Bacterial profile of urinary tract infections and antibiotic resistance pattern in a tertiary care hospital. Online J Health Sci. 2019, 18:6.","journal-title":"Online J Health Sci"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"Isolation of human pathogenic bacteria causing urinary tract infection and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in a tertiary care hospital, Jaipur, India","volume":"2","author":"Kumar R","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kumar R, Dahiya SS, Hemwani K, Srivastava P. Isolation of human pathogenic bacteria causing urinary tract infection and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in a tertiary care hospital, Jaipur, India. Int Res J Med Sci. 2014, 2:6-10.","journal-title":"Int Res J Med Sci"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/acmi.0.000321","article-title":"Prevalence and resistance pattern of uropathogens from community settings of different regions: an experience from India","volume":"4","author":"Mohapatra S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mohapatra S, Panigrahy R, Tak V, et al.. Prevalence and resistance pattern of uropathogens from community settings of different regions: an experience from India. Access Microbiol. 2022, 4:000321. 10.1099\/acmi.0.000321","journal-title":"Access Microbiol"},{"key":"ref28","unstructured":"ResistanceMap. (2017). Accessed. August 1, 2018: https:\/\/www.resistancemap.cddep.org\/AntibioticResistance.php."},{"key":"ref29","article-title":"World Health Organization. The World Health Report 1996. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1996","unstructured":"World Health Organization. The world health report 1996: fighting disease, fostering development. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; 1996. https:\/\/iris.who.int\/handle\/10665\/178481."},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"World Health Organisation. National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance (NAP\u2011AMR) 2017\u20112021. New Delhi, India: World Health Organisation Country Office for India","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2017","unstructured":"World Health Organization. India: national action plan on antimicrobial resistance (NAP-AMR) 2017-2021. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; 2017. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/m\/item\/india-national-action-plan-on-antimicrobial-resistance-(nap-amr)-2017-2021."}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/352707-etiological-profile-and-antibiotic-susceptibility-of-urinary-isolates-causing-urinary-tract-infections-in-patients-attending-a-tertiary-care-hospital-in-rajkot-gujarat","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]],"date-time":"2025-04-03T05:02:36Z","timestamp":1743656556000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/352707-etiological-profile-and-antibiotic-susceptibility-of-urinary-isolates-causing-urinary-tract-infections-in-patients-attending-a-tertiary-care-hospital-in-rajkot-gujarat"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]]},"references-count":30,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.81633","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]]}}}