{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T04:10:15Z","timestamp":1748491815619,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.84982","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T17:47:34Z","timestamp":1748454454000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Attitudes of Jordanian Medical Students Toward People With Mental Illness"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Osama A","family":"Zitoun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rayan M","family":"Joudeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adnan R","family":"Alnaser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdelkader","family":"Battah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dana W","family":"Al-Mansour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yazan","family":"Faraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anas Y","family":"El-Massad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulhaleem","family":"Elshaikh Khalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Kashoua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Rosenheck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity","author":"Goffman E","year":"1963","unstructured":"Goffman E. Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ; 1963."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-4458-2-3","article-title":"Reducing stigma and discrimination: candidate interventions","volume":"2","author":"Thornicroft G","year":"2008","unstructured":"Thornicroft G, Brohan E, Kassam A, Lewis-Holmes E. Reducing stigma and discrimination: candidate interventions. Int J Ment Health Syst. 2008, 2:3. 10.1186\/1752-4458-2-3","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Syst"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006865","article-title":"Three strategies for changing attributions about severe mental illness","volume":"27","author":"Corrigan PW","year":"2001","unstructured":"Corrigan PW, River LP, Lundin RK, et al.. Three strategies for changing attributions about severe mental illness. Schizophr Bull. 2001, 27:187-95. 10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006865","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.59.7.614","article-title":"How stigma interferes with mental health care","volume":"59","author":"Corrigan P","year":"2004","unstructured":"Corrigan P. How stigma interferes with mental health care. Am Psychol. 2004, 59:614-25. 10.1037\/0003-066X.59.7.614","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.152.8.1228","article-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. (DSM-IV)","volume":"152","author":"Guze SB","year":"1995","unstructured":"Guze SB. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. (DSM-IV). Am J Psychiatry. 1995, 152:1228. 10.1176\/ajp.152.8.1228","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-201002000-00003","article-title":"The stigma of childhood mental disorders: a conceptual framework","volume":"49","author":"Mukolo A","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mukolo A, Heflinger CA, Wallston KA. The stigma of childhood mental disorders: a conceptual framework. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2010, 49:92-103. 10.1097\/00004583-201002000-00003","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01612840903131792","article-title":"Attitudes of Jordanian mental health nurses toward mental illness and patients with mental illness","volume":"30","author":"Hamdan-Mansour AM","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hamdan-Mansour AM, Wardam LA. Attitudes of Jordanian mental health nurses toward mental illness and patients with mental illness. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2009, 30:705-11. 10.3109\/01612840903131792","journal-title":"Issues Ment Health Nurs"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20146382","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health among the population in Jordan","volume":"20","author":"Salameh G","year":"2023","unstructured":"Salameh G, Marais D, Khoury R. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health among the population in Jordan. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023, 20:6382. 10.3390\/ijerph20146382","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/147608309X467807","article-title":"Muslim views on mental health and psychotherapy","volume":"83","author":"Weatherhead S","year":"2010","unstructured":"Weatherhead S, Daiches A. Muslim views on mental health and psychotherapy. Psychol Psychother. 2010, 83:75-89. 10.1348\/147608309X467807","journal-title":"Psychol Psychother"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002076409203800208","article-title":"Lay explanations of symptoms of mental ill health in Kuwait","volume":"38","author":"el-Islam MF","year":"1992","unstructured":"el-Islam MF, Abu-Dagga SI. Lay explanations of symptoms of mental ill health in Kuwait. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 1992, 38:150-6. 10.1177\/002076409203800208","journal-title":"Int J Soc Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26719\/2021.27.4.361","article-title":"Improved attitudes of interns versus undergraduate medical students towards patients with mental illness in Saudi Arabia","volume":"27","author":"Al-Atram AA","year":"2021","unstructured":"Al-Atram AA. Improved attitudes of interns versus undergraduate medical students towards patients with mental illness in Saudi Arabia. East Mediterr Health J. 2021, 27:361-72. 10.26719\/2021.27.4.361","journal-title":"East Mediterr Health J"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"Stigma in mental illness: attitudes of medical students towards mental illness","volume":"57","author":"Mas A","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mas A, Hatim A. Stigma in mental illness: attitudes of medical students towards mental illness. Med J Malaysia. 2002, 57:433-44.","journal-title":"Med J Malaysia"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"What do final year medical students at the University of Papua New Guinea think of psychiatry?","volume":"49","author":"Muga F","year":"2006","unstructured":"Muga F, Hagali M. What do final year medical students at the University of Papua New Guinea think of psychiatry?. P N G Med J. 2006, 49:126-36.","journal-title":"P N G Med J"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08039488.2010.510206","article-title":"Predictors of stigmatizing attitudes towards people with mental disorders in a general population in Finland","volume":"65","author":"Aromaa E","year":"2011","unstructured":"Aromaa E, Tolvanen A, Tuulari J, Wahlbeck K. Predictors of stigmatizing attitudes towards people with mental disorders in a general population in Finland. Nord J Psychiatry. 2011, 65:125-32. 10.3109\/08039488.2010.510206","journal-title":"Nord J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Stigma of mental illness and attitudes toward psychological help-seeking in Jordanian university students","volume":"4","author":"Rayan A","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rayan A, Jaradat A. Stigma of mental illness and attitudes toward psychological help-seeking in Jordanian university students. Res Psychol Behav Sci. 2016, 4:7-14.","journal-title":"Res Psychol Behav Sci"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00326","article-title":"Stigmatizing attitudes toward patients with psychiatric disorders among medical students and professionals","volume":"11","author":"Oliveira AM","year":"2020","unstructured":"Oliveira AM, Machado D, Fonseca JB, et al.. Stigmatizing attitudes toward patients with psychiatric disorders among medical students and professionals. Front Psychiatry. 2020, 11:326. 10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00326","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnu.2024.06.017","article-title":"Nursing students' mental health literacy and resilience levels: a cross-sectional study","volume":"51","author":"\u00d6zer D","year":"2024","unstructured":"\u00d6zer D, \u015eahin Altun \u00d6. Nursing students' mental health literacy and resilience levels: a cross-sectional study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2024, 51:222-7. 10.1016\/j.apnu.2024.06.017","journal-title":"Arch Psychiatr Nurs"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764016685348","article-title":"Attitudes of health professionals towards the stigma surrounding depression in times of economic crisis","volume":"63","author":"Saridi M","year":"2017","unstructured":"Saridi M, Kordosi A, Toska A, Peppou LE, Economou M, Souliotis K. Attitudes of health professionals towards the stigma surrounding depression in times of economic crisis. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2017, 63:115-25. 10.1177\/0020764016685348","journal-title":"Int J Soc Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.50.6.613","article-title":"An ultra-brief screening scale for anxiety and depression: the PHQ-4","volume":"50","author":"Kroenke K","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB, L\u00f6we B. An ultra-brief screening scale for anxiety and depression: the PHQ-4. Psychosomatics. 2009, 50:613-21. 10.1176\/appi.psy.50.6.613","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.168.2.191","article-title":"Community knowledge of mental illness and reaction to mentally ill people","volume":"168","author":"Wolff G","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wolff G, Pathare S, Craig T, Leff J. Community knowledge of mental illness and reaction to mentally ill people. Br J Psychiatry. 1996, 168:191-8. 10.1192\/bjp.168.2.191","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/7.2.225","article-title":"Scaling community attitudes toward the mentally ill","volume":"7","author":"Taylor SM","year":"1981","unstructured":"Taylor SM, Dear MJ. Scaling community attitudes toward the mentally ill. Schizophr Bull. 1981, 7:225-40. 10.1093\/schbul\/7.2.225","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370104600304","article-title":"Community attitudes toward people with schizophrenia","volume":"46","author":"Stuart H","year":"2001","unstructured":"Stuart H, Arboleda-Fl\u00f3rez J. Community attitudes toward people with schizophrenia. Can J Psychiatry. 2001, 46:245-52. 10.1177\/070674370104600304","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11126-015-9363-5","article-title":"Cross-national analysis of beliefs and attitude toward mental illness among medical professionals from five countries","volume":"87","author":"Stefanovics E","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stefanovics E, He H, Ofori-Atta A, et al.. Cross-national analysis of beliefs and attitude toward mental illness among medical professionals from five countries. Psychiatr Q. 2016, 87:63-73. 10.1007\/s11126-015-9363-5","journal-title":"Psychiatr Q"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102515","article-title":"Attitudes of medical students in Saudi Arabia towards mental illness and their beliefs regarding its causes and treatability","volume":"56","author":"Zitoun OA","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zitoun OA, Alnaser AR, Niazi K, Saquib N, Rosenheck R. Attitudes of medical students in Saudi Arabia towards mental illness and their beliefs regarding its causes and treatability. Asian J Psychiatr. 2021, 56:102515. 10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102515","journal-title":"Asian J Psychiatr"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11013-020-09688-0","article-title":"Medical education and the stigmatization of mental illness in the Philippines","volume":"45","author":"Taguibao C","year":"2021","unstructured":"Taguibao C, Rosenheck R. Medical education and the stigmatization of mental illness in the Philippines. Cult Med Psychiatry. 2021, 45:312-31. 10.1007\/s11013-020-09688-0","journal-title":"Cult Med Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-015-0307-4","article-title":"Impact of a psychiatry clerkship on stigma, attitudes towards psychiatry, and psychiatry as a career choice","volume":"15","author":"Lyons Z","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lyons Z, Janca A. Impact of a psychiatry clerkship on stigma, attitudes towards psychiatry, and psychiatry as a career choice. BMC Med Educ. 2015, 15:34. 10.1186\/s12909-015-0307-4","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0003-066x.54.9.765","article-title":"Lessons from social psychology on discrediting psychiatric stigma","volume":"54","author":"Corrigan PW","year":"1999","unstructured":"Corrigan PW, Penn DL. Lessons from social psychology on discrediting psychiatric stigma. Am Psychol. 1999, 54:765-76. 10.1037\/\/0003-066x.54.9.765","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17542863.2016.1276947","article-title":"Empathy and attitudes towards mental illness among Italian medical students","volume":"10","author":"Pascucci M","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pascucci M, Ventriglio A, Stella E, et al.. Empathy and attitudes towards mental illness among Italian medical students. Int J Cult Mental Health. 2017, 10:174-84. 10.1080\/17542863.2016.1276947","journal-title":"Int J Cult Mental Health"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12086","article-title":"Review of mental-health-related stigma in Japan","volume":"67","author":"Ando S","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ando S, Yamaguchi S, Aoki Y, Thornicroft G. Review of mental-health-related stigma in Japan. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2013, 67:471-82. 10.1111\/pcn.12086","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001888-200604000-00009","article-title":"Systematic review of depression, anxiety, and other indicators of psychological distress among U.S. and Canadian medical students","volume":"81","author":"Dyrbye LN","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dyrbye LN, Thomas MR, Shanafelt TD. Systematic review of depression, anxiety, and other indicators of psychological distress among U.S. and Canadian medical students. Acad Med. 2006, 81:354-73. 10.1097\/00001888-200604000-00009","journal-title":"Acad Med"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/364839-attitudes-of-jordanian-medical-students-toward-people-with-mental-illness","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T17:47:35Z","timestamp":1748454455000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/364839-attitudes-of-jordanian-medical-students-toward-people-with-mental-illness"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]]},"references-count":30,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.84982","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]]}}}