{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:23:45Z","timestamp":1750307025201,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.86262","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T08:58:33Z","timestamp":1750237113000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Safety and Efficacy of Ceftazidime-Avibactam Plus Metronidazole Versus Meropenem for Intra-abdominal Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Mahmoud Ismail","family":"Nouh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hala","family":"AlButi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hani Raka","family":"Karrar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dina M","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rehab Salah Aldin","family":"Alhendi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanin Ali","family":"Aseeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohannad A","family":"Algothmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman Olayan Mohammed","family":"Almuqati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khloud Mubark","family":"Alotaibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nouran M","family":"Alkhaifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samar Y","family":"Badayyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lamer K","family":"Shaikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nourah A","family":"Al Ghamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fai F","family":"Abdullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/joc.2009.21.Supplement-1.3","article-title":"Definition and classification of intra-abdominal infections","volume":"21","author":"Menichetti F","year":"2009","unstructured":"Menichetti F, Sganga G. Definition and classification of intra-abdominal infections. J Chemother. 2009, 21:3-4. 10.1179\/joc.2009.21.Supplement-1.3","journal-title":"J Chemother"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2003.10.003","article-title":"The continuing challenge of intra-abdominal infection","volume":"186","author":"Cheadle WG","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cheadle WG, Spain DA. The continuing challenge of intra-abdominal infection. Am J Surg. 2003, 186:15S-22S. 10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2003.10.003","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i9.865","article-title":"Antimicrobial management of intra-abdominal infections: literature's guidelines","volume":"18","author":"Sartelli M","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sartelli M, Catena F, Coccolini F, Pinna AD. Antimicrobial management of intra-abdominal infections: literature's guidelines. World J Gastroenterol. 2012, 18:865-71. 10.3748\/wjg.v18.i9.865","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2005.05.022","article-title":"Contributions to the management of intraabdominal infections","volume":"190","author":"Malangoni MA","year":"2005","unstructured":"Malangoni MA. Contributions to the management of intraabdominal infections. Am J Surg. 2005, 190:255-9. 10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2005.05.022","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2016.261","article-title":"The Surgical Infection Society revised guidelines on the management of intra-abdominal infection","volume":"18","author":"Mazuski JE","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mazuski JE, Tessier JM, May AK, et al.. The Surgical Infection Society revised guidelines on the management of intra-abdominal infection. Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2017, 18:1-76. 10.1089\/sur.2016.261","journal-title":"Surg Infect (Larchmt)"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/649554","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of complicated intra-abdominal infection in adults and children: guidelines by the Surgical Infection Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"50","author":"Solomkin JS","year":"2010","unstructured":"Solomkin JS, Mazuski JE, Bradley JS, et al.. Diagnosis and management of complicated intra-abdominal infection in adults and children: guidelines by the Surgical Infection Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2010, 50:133-64. 10.1086\/649554","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-019-01067-3","article-title":"Eravacycline: a review in complicated intra-abdominal infections","volume":"79","author":"Scott LJ","year":"2019","unstructured":"Scott LJ. Eravacycline: a review in complicated intra-abdominal infections. Drugs. 2019, 79:315-24. 10.1007\/s40265-019-01067-3","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw243","article-title":"Ceftazidime\/avibactam and ceftolozane\/tazobactam: second-generation \u03b2-lactam\/\u03b2-lactamase inhibitor combinations","volume":"63","author":"van Duin D","year":"2016","unstructured":"van Duin D, Bonomo RA. Ceftazidime\/avibactam and ceftolozane\/tazobactam: second-generation \u03b2-lactam\/\u03b2-lactamase inhibitor combinations. Clin Infect Dis. 2016, 63:234-41. 10.1093\/cid\/ciw243","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc10441","article-title":"Antibiotics in critically ill patients: a systematic review of the pharmacokinetics of \u03b2-lactams","volume":"15","author":"Gon\u00e7alves-Pereira J","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gon\u00e7alves-Pereira J, P\u00f3voa P. Antibiotics in critically ill patients: a systematic review of the pharmacokinetics of \u03b2-lactams. Crit Care. 2011, 15:R206. 10.1186\/cc10441","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/labmed-2016-0050","article-title":"Personalised beta-lactam therapy: basic principles and practical approach","volume":"40","author":"Streit F","year":"2016","unstructured":"Streit F, Perl T, Schulze MH, Binder L. Personalised beta-lactam therapy: basic principles and practical approach. Lab Med. 2016, 40:385-97. 10.1515\/labmed-2016-0050","journal-title":"Lab Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/590064","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of meropenem","volume":"47","author":"Nicolau DP","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nicolau DP. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of meropenem. Clin Infect Dis. 2008, 47:S32-40. 10.1086\/590064","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dky370","article-title":"Effect of renal clearance and continuous renal replacement therapy on appropriateness of recommended meropenem dosing regimens in critically ill patients with susceptible life-threatening infections","volume":"73","author":"Burger R","year":"2018","unstructured":"Burger R, Guidi M, Calpini V, et al.. Effect of renal clearance and continuous renal replacement therapy on appropriateness of recommended meropenem dosing regimens in critically ill patients with susceptible life-threatening infections. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2018, 73:3413-22. 10.1093\/jac\/dky370","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-0122-2015","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic\/pharmacodynamic target attainment of intravenous \u03b2-lactam regimens against Gram-negative bacteria isolated in a Brazilian teaching hospital","volume":"48","author":"Furtado GH","year":"2015","unstructured":"Furtado GH, Cardinal L, Macedo RS, Silva JO, Medeiros EA, Kuti JL, Nicolau DP. Pharmacokinetic\/pharmacodynamic target attainment of intravenous \u03b2-lactam regimens against Gram-negative bacteria isolated in a Brazilian teaching hospital. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2015, 48:539-45. 10.1590\/0037-8682-0122-2015","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198608283150905","article-title":"A randomized trial comparing ceftazidime alone with combination antibiotic therapy in cancer patients with fever and neutropenia","volume":"315","author":"Pizzo PA","year":"1986","unstructured":"Pizzo PA, Hathorn JW, Hiemenz J, et al.. A randomized trial comparing ceftazidime alone with combination antibiotic therapy in cancer patients with fever and neutropenia. N Engl J Med. 1986, 315:552-8. 10.1056\/NEJM198608283150905","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/47.6.841","article-title":"Meropenem versus ceftazidime as empirical monotherapy in febrile neutropenia of paediatric patients with cancer","volume":"47","author":"Fleischhack G","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fleischhack G, Hartmann C, Simon A, et al.. Meropenem versus ceftazidime as empirical monotherapy in febrile neutropenia of paediatric patients with cancer. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2001, 47:841-53. 10.1093\/jac\/47.6.841","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365549850160864","article-title":"Empiric monotherapy for febrile neutropenia--a randomized study comparing meropenem with ceftazidime","volume":"30","author":"Lindblad R","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lindblad R, R\u00f6djer S, Adriansson M, et al.. Empiric monotherapy for febrile neutropenia--a randomized study comparing meropenem with ceftazidime. Scand J Infect Dis. 1998, 30:237-43. 10.1080\/00365549850160864","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2019.01.003","article-title":"A novel framework to compare the effectiveness of \u03b2-lactamase inhibitors against extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae","volume":"25","author":"Abodakpi H","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abodakpi H, Chang KT, Zhou J, Byerly C, Tam VH. A novel framework to compare the effectiveness of \u03b2-lactamase inhibitors against extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2019, 25:1154.e9-1154.e14. 10.1016\/j.cmi.2019.01.003","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199936050-00004","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the nitroimidazole antimicrobials","volume":"36","author":"Lamp KC","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lamp KC, Freeman CD, Klutman NE, Lacy MK. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the nitroimidazole antimicrobials. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1999, 36:353-73. 10.2165\/00003088-199936050-00004","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/31.1.9","article-title":"Nitroimidazole drugs--action and resistance mechanisms. I. Mechanisms of action","volume":"31","author":"Edwards DI","year":"1993","unstructured":"Edwards DI. Nitroimidazole drugs--action and resistance mechanisms. I. Mechanisms of action. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1993, 31:9-20. 10.1093\/jac\/31.1.9","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx00009a004","article-title":"Covalent interaction of 5-nitroimidazoles with DNA and protein in vitro: mechanism of reductive activation","volume":"2","author":"Kedderis GL","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kedderis GL, Argenbright LS, Miwa GT. Covalent interaction of 5-nitroimidazoles with DNA and protein in vitro: mechanism of reductive activation. Chem Res Toxicol. 1989, 2:146-9. 10.1021\/tx00009a004","journal-title":"Chem Res Toxicol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx351","article-title":"Metronidazole: an update on metabolism, structure-cytotoxicity and resistance mechanisms","volume":"73","author":"Dingsdag SA","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dingsdag SA, Hunter N. Metronidazole: an update on metabolism, structure-cytotoxicity and resistance mechanisms. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2018, 73:265-79. 10.1093\/jac\/dkx351","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4155\/fmc.09.59","article-title":"Current and future perspectives on the chemotherapy of the parasitic protozoa Trichomonas vaginalis and Entamoeba histolytica","volume":"1","author":"Moya IA","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moya IA, Su Z, Honek JF. Current and future perspectives on the chemotherapy of the parasitic protozoa Trichomonas vaginalis and Entamoeba histolytica. Future Med Chem. 2009, 1:619-43. 10.4155\/fmc.09.59","journal-title":"Future Med Chem"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199754050-00003","article-title":"Metronidazole. A therapeutic review and update","volume":"54","author":"Freeman CD","year":"1997","unstructured":"Freeman CD, Klutman NE, Lamp KC. Metronidazole. A therapeutic review and update. Drugs. 1997, 54:679-708. 10.2165\/00003495-199754050-00003","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04148-5","article-title":"Proteomic signatures of metronidazole-resistant Trichomonas vaginalis reveal novel proteins associated with drug resistance","volume":"13","author":"Lin HC","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lin HC, Chu LJ, Huang PJ, et al.. Proteomic signatures of metronidazole-resistant Trichomonas vaginalis reveal novel proteins associated with drug resistance. Parasit Vectors. 2020, 13:274. 10.1186\/s13071-020-04148-5","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2015.1035255","article-title":"Metronidazole for the treatment of vaginal infections","volume":"16","author":"Sobel R","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sobel R, Sobel JD. Metronidazole for the treatment of vaginal infections. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2015, 16:1109-15. 10.1517\/14656566.2015.1035255","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9734\/jpri\/2021\/v33i58A34120","article-title":"Metronidazole-induced metallic taste: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"Karrar HR","year":"2021","unstructured":"Karrar HR, Nouh MI, Alhendi RSA, et al.. Metronidazole-induced metallic taste: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pharm Res Int. 2021, 33:307-17. 10.9734\/jpri\/2021\/v33i58A34120","journal-title":"J Pharm Res Int"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page MJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al.. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021, 372:n71. 10.1136\/bmj.n71","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ebd.6400504","article-title":"Benchmarking of reported search and selection methods of systematic reviews by dental speciality","volume":"8","author":"Major MP","year":"2007","unstructured":"Major MP, Major PW, Flores-Mir C. Benchmarking of reported search and selection methods of systematic reviews by dental speciality. Evid Based Dent. 2007, 8:66-70. 10.1038\/sj.ebd.6400504","journal-title":"Evid Based Dent"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.46091","article-title":"Tirzepatide-induced gastrointestinal manifestations: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Karrar HR","year":"2023","unstructured":"Karrar HR, Nouh MI, Nouh YI, et al.. Tirzepatide-induced gastrointestinal manifestations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cureus. 2023, 15:e46091. 10.7759\/cureus.46091","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14573\/altex.1902131","article-title":"Software tools for literature screening in systematic reviews in biomedical research","volume":"36","author":"Van der Mierden S","year":"2019","unstructured":"Van der Mierden S, Tsaioun K, Bleich A, Leenaars CH. Software tools for literature screening in systematic reviews in biomedical research. ALTEX. 2019, 36:508-17. 10.14573\/altex.1902131","journal-title":"ALTEX"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw133","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of ceftazidime-avibactam plus metronidazole versus meropenem in the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infection: results from a randomized, controlled, double-blind, phase 3 program","volume":"62","author":"Mazuski JE","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mazuski JE, Gasink LB, Armstrong J, et al.. Efficacy and safety of ceftazidime-avibactam plus metronidazole versus meropenem in the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infection: results from a randomized, controlled, double-blind, phase 3 program. Clin Infect Dis. 2016, 62:1380-9. 10.1093\/cid\/ciw133","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.14912","article-title":"Ceftazidime-avibactam plus metronidazole vs. meropenem in complicated intra-abdominal infections: Indian subset from RECLAIM","volume":"16","author":"Rodgers P","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rodgers P, Kamat S, Adhav C. Ceftazidime-avibactam plus metronidazole vs. meropenem in complicated intra-abdominal infections: Indian subset from RECLAIM. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2022, 16:305-13. 10.3855\/jidc.14912","journal-title":"J Infect Dev Ctries"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002392","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam plus metronidazole in the treatment of children \u22653 months to <18 years with complicated intra-abdominal infection: results from a phase 2, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"38","author":"Bradley JS","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bradley JS, Broadhurst H, Cheng K, et al.. Safety and efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam plus metronidazole in the treatment of children \u22653 months to &lt;18 years with complicated intra-abdominal infection: results from a phase 2, randomized, controlled trial. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2019, 38:816-24. 10.1097\/INF.0000000000002392","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2017.01.010","article-title":"A randomised, double-blind, phase 3 study comparing the efficacy and safety of ceftazidime\/avibactam plus metronidazole versus meropenem for complicated intra-abdominal infections in hospitalised adults in Asia","volume":"49","author":"Qin X","year":"2017","unstructured":"Qin X, Tran BG, Kim MJ, et al.. A randomised, double-blind, phase 3 study comparing the efficacy and safety of ceftazidime\/avibactam plus metronidazole versus meropenem for complicated intra-abdominal infections in hospitalised adults in Asia. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2017, 49:579-88. 10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2017.01.010","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks523","article-title":"Comparative study of the efficacy and safety of ceftazidime\/avibactam plus metronidazole versus meropenem in the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections in hospitalized adults: results of a randomized, double-blind, phase II trial","volume":"68","author":"Lucasti C","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lucasti C, Popescu I, Ramesh MK, Lipka J, Sable C. Comparative study of the efficacy and safety of ceftazidime\/avibactam plus metronidazole versus meropenem in the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections in hospitalized adults: results of a randomized, double-blind, phase II trial. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2013, 68:1183-92. 10.1093\/jac\/dks523","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/227585-the-safety-and-efficacy-of-ceftazidime-avibactam-plus-metronidazole-versus-meropenem-for-intra-abdominal-infections-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T08:58:34Z","timestamp":1750237114000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/227585-the-safety-and-efficacy-of-ceftazidime-avibactam-plus-metronidazole-versus-meropenem-for-intra-abdominal-infections-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"references-count":35,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.86262","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]}}}